To know others is wisdom, to know oneself—enlightenment. In seeking wisdom, the first step is silence, the second listening, the third remembering, the fourth practicing, the fifth—teaching others. When one has accepted whatever comes, the only important thing is to meet it with courage and with the best one has to give. The master and slave is a thought experiment of two self-consciousness. In this thought experiment, the two-self-conscious beings are in a battle for mutual recognition, which in turn, undermines the notion of autonomy and reflect an interaction between the self and the social. This further confirms that understanding that we cannot understand individuals as outside of everyday life and social relations. Therefore, both master and slave re interconnected where the master cannot be defined outside of the slave and the slave cannot be defined outside of the master. The two are in mutual interdependence and relation. The claim is that we are mutually dependent on others. This is seen clearly in one of the most prominent social institutions that influence our understandings of justice, the family. Beginning as early as Frederick Engel’s (1884) “The Monogamous Family,” the supremacy of the family as a socializing institution remains one of the most influential social relationships today. Previous scholars considered the family to be an exemplar of kindness and consideration for others, but rarely examined it. #RandolphHarris 1 of 19

The family was frequently viewed as a reflection of humans. Family life and practices, however, are often structured around notions of gender inequality, particularly in patriarchal societies where the mother/wife and children are constructed as subordinate and are valued less. Innate sex has been constructed as one of the clearest legitimizes of rights and restrictions. The principle which regulates social relations between men and women is the legal subordination of women through marriage, and the division of labour within family and the large social structures is not often challenged. Feminist theorists have long claimed that family structures based on unequal gender divisions of labour have significant impact on all women, whether they live and reside in traditional family structures or not. However, there may be a false gender neutrality and blatant neglect of critical theories of justice that interrogate the traditional gender roles of the family; instead, some advocate that there cannot be a just society without just family structures. It is theorized by some scholars that we are not born isolated, equal individuals, but that instead we are born into a family situation where some are poor, some wealthy, some to parents who have a contentious marriage, and some to parents who have strong, loving bond and any claims that equal opportunity exists are therefore completely unfounded. #RandolphHarris 2 of 19

In addition to family, other social institutions and relations complicate and influence how we understand each other, particularly how we understand difference. Race relations play a significant role when it comes to understanding social relations and intersections because they are one of the guiding forces in how we understand out place compared to others. Race continues to be one of the most influential social categories. Some think about race in terms of multiplicity, intersectionality, and hybridity. For others, however, race is a social construction, racism is real and have very real consequences and researchers and scholars are urged to look at the process of racialization and the many way racial meanings are constructed and imparted to social groups and processes. Unfortunately, most social science research on race tends to neglect the intersecting and overlapping forms of stratification and difference. In addition to the family and other socially constructed institutions, media too, particularly in our current time, play an influential role in the way people understand themselves in relation to the social World. The (biological or cultural) essence of essentialism refers to a lay belief in the existence of underlying natures that constitute and differentiate social categories. #RandolphHarris 3 of 19

Racial essentialism entails the tendency to understand social categories as expression of discrete, fixed, natural, uniform, and defining characteristics that are shared by all members, and are informative about them. Endorsement of essentialist beliefs has commonly been associated with negative outcomes, such as legitimization of existing social hierarchies, acceptance of racial inequality, and strict and rigid prejudice policies against marginalized groups by the dominant group. Investigations of racial essentialism typically understanding the defining characteristics of an identity category (id est, race) in terms of a biological essence. However, people may also understand racial categories in terms of cultural characteristics, rather than purely biological or genetic characteristics. Essence is an elusive concept; it is difficult to define precisely what comprises the imagined essence of an identity category. Racial essentialism is a genetic or biological essence that defines all member of a racial category. However, the imagined essence of a racial group need not be biological; people also define racial groups in terms of particular cultural characteristics, or conflate race and culture. Cultural essentialism is the idea that people are more or less passive carriers of their culture, whereby their attitudes, beliefs and achievements are supposed to reflect typical cultural patterns. #RandolphHarris 4 of 19

Applied to racial identity, cultural essentialism is the belief that racial categories are associated with distinct, fixed, and stable cultural patterns (emempli gratia, values, beliefs, practices, and lifestyles); these cultural patterns definitively and permanently shape the psychological characteristics of individuals within a racial group, and differentiate them from members of other racial groups. However, people can also use the cultural forms of essentialism to advance collective interest. Specifically, both ethnic minority and ethic Dutch participants in the Netherlands expressed cultural essentialist ideas at times, but they did so for different ends. For instance, ethnic minority participants expressed cultural essentialist ideas to argue against assimilationist polices, claiming that they could not possibly “become just like the Dutch” in order to fully integrate into Dutch society. Ethnic Dutch participants expressed cultural essentialist ideas—specifically, the belief that a person absorbs the ethnic culture within which one is raised, with the implication that Dutch and other ethnic groups are fundamentally different types of person—to argue for restrictions on entry of immigrants into the country. However, ethnic Dutch participants also discussed ethic identity in non-essentialist terms, particularly to argue that minority groups can—and should—assimilate to Dutch culture. #RandolphHarris 5 of 19

One of the most salient issues woven into discussions of justice and social relations is the conception of power. Power is embedded in social relations and is relative, rather than absolute, to a given situation, relationship, or interactions. People from dominant groups tent to interpret and deploy essentialism in ways that reproduce the unjust status quo. What happens if we decolonize scientific gaze and consider the issues of essentialism from the standpoint of marginalized or racially subordinate identity positions? Research suggest that people from subordinated categories may often resist essentialist understandings; for example, when they aim to overcome discrimination by challenging constructions of an identity category as a homogeneous entity. This resistance may be particularly true of biological essentialism of race. Historically, people have developed and deployed arguments about genetic differences between racial groups to argue that certain groups of people are naturally inferior in ability, fitness, or intelligence compared to dominant groups, thereby legitimizing forms of racial oppression such as colonialism, slavery, and segregation. Among people from dominant categories, endorsement of cultural essentialism may imply a belief that racial inequality reflects the essential superiority of their own cultural practices and essential inferiority of other practices. #RandolphHarris 6 of 19

Society has its rituals and taboos. Some people are who they are because they are outcast, not because they are perfect members of the dominant group. Alienation seems to be the origin of identity. Pain and self-analysis are necessary evils. Any individual can be remade, but society must be protected from a person whose behaviour would destroy it. Building on hegemony, leadership or dominance, especially by one country or social group over other, we attempt to provide an understanding of hegemony as a powerful, albeit fragile, conceptual tool. Hegemony, as defined is the power or dominance that one social group holds over another. Family, peer and social groups, political and social institutions, and the mass media all play particularly important roles in the maintenance and development of hegemony as dominant ideologies are reproduced and reinforced within these basic social units. Hegemony is both the power and dominance one group holds over another and is a method for gaining and maintaining power. Hegemony implies willing and/or tacit consent and agreement by those in the subordinated role and is sustained by the major socializing institutions. It is important to pay particular attention to the way media maintains hegemonic control. #RandolphHarris 7 of 19

Media hegemony means the dominance of certain aspects of life and thought by the penetration of a dominant culture and its values into social life. Media hegemony serves as a crucial shaper of culture, values and ideology of society. The television news departments embed messages that convey the nature of society, the nature of relations of production with society. Journalist can unconsciously facilitate the ideological hegemony by the way they use cultural categories and symbols. Further, reporters are inclined to choose and report those issues that are favourable to the dominant ideology and the status quo. This selection process hinders social change by diffusing certain types of news reports to the public. To a large extent, the formation of public opinion is based on the information spread by status quo-oriented news media. It is believed that prejudiced news reporting will hinder international social change because the news media may shape negative stereotypes about certain individuals, groups, regions, or countries. When analyzing and critiquing Justice, hegemony is one of the most important concepts to understand and provides a place to begin building a theory of justice. #RandolphHarris 8 of 19

As previously stated, everyday life, personhood, and social relations are complex. As such, it may be a good idea to envision a new theory on justice as socially and historically contextualized. We must advocate for politics that recognize, rather than represses, difference; a politics that acknowledges and affirms group identity and difference. An ideal speech situation is found when communication between individuals is governed by basic implied rules. In an ideal speech situation, participants would be able to evaluate each other’s assertions solely on the basis of reason and evidence in an atmosphere completely free of any nonrational coercive influences, including both physical and psychological coercion. Furthermore, all participants would be motivated solely by the desire to obtain a rational consensus. This represents the idea of justice as a structure of institutionalized relations that are free from domination. This theory of justice focuses on relations of interaction, focuses primarily on forms of social organization and contacts an a priori universal aspect without producing a conception of justice which claims transhistorical application. Therefore, the study of justice takes into account social, historical, and contextual matters and works to include and bring to light the complexities of everyday life. #RandolphHarris 9 of 19

Social relations and intersections can been seen both at the micro-level (communities, families, etcetera) and at the macro-;level (dealings nationally, internationally, and with the state). Social relations must also be understood as power relations. Historically, power relations have been contextualized within the framework of dominance and subordination. These relations are depicted in colonial relationships. There is a need to further interrogate the colonizer/colonized relationships that continue to exist today. The process of colonization in any form creates relationships based on oppression rather than reciprocity, domination rather than consensus. The relationship between people and the state is often conflictual. The relations between colonizer and colonized is one of domination and submission which leads us to ask, what do we owe other persons in life? I think that, somehow, research evidence is out of place in a talk such as I have been giving. In a workshop a man communicated with the group what he had some really difficult experiences immediately after the workshop, including spending time with “a father-in-law who does not care much about me as a person but only in what I concretely accomplish. I was severely shaken. It was like going from one extreme to another. #RandolphHarris 10 of 19

“I again began to doubt my purpose and particularly my usefulness. But time and again I would hearken back to the group, to things you have said or done that gave me a feeling that I do have something to offer—that I do not have to demonstrate concretely to be worthwhile—and this would even the scale and lift me out of my depression. I have come to the conclusion that my experiences with you have profoundly affected therapy. None of you have to care about me, none of you needed to seek me out and let me know of things you thought would help me, none of you have to let me know that I was of help to you—yet you did, and as a result, it has far more meaning than anything I have so far experienced. When I feel the need to hold back and not live spontaneously, for whatever reason, I remember that twelve persons, just like these before me, said to let go and be congruent, to be myself, and of all unbelievable things, they even loved me more for it. This has given me the courage to come out of myself many times since then. Often it seems, my very doing this helps the others to experience similar freedom. I have also been able to let others into my life more—to let them care for me and to receive their warmth. #RandolphHarris 11 of 19

“I remember the time in our group encounter when this change occurred. It felt like I have removed long-standing barriers—so much so that I deeply felt a new experience of openness toward you. I did not have to be afraid, I did not have to fight or fearfully pull away from the freedom this offered my own impulses—I could just be and let you be with me.” The second excerpt is taken from the report of a woman who had come with her husband to this workshop in human relations, although she and her husband were in separate groups. She talks at some length about her experience in revealing her feelings to the group and the results of taking that step. “Taking the plunge was one of the hardest things I have ever done. I have hidden my feelings of hurt and loneliness from even my closet friends while I was feeling them. Only when I had suppressed my feelings and could speak jokingly or causally could I share painful things at all, but that did not help me work through them. You knocked down the walls that were holding back hurt, and it was good to be with you and hurt—and not withdraw. Also, before, it has been so painful to me to be misunderstood or criticized that I chose not to share truly meaningful events, good or bad, most of my life. Only recently have I dared risk the hurt. #RandolphHarris 12 of 19

“Only recently have I dared risk the hurt. In the group I faced these fears and was relieved beyond measure to find that my feelings in response to your criticism and misunderstandings (so blessedly devoid of hostility, I felt) were not deep hurt, but more curiosity, regret, irritation, perhaps sadness, and [I felt] a deep sense of gratitude for the help I experienced in looking at part of me I had not seen nor wanted to face before. I am sure my perception of your concern and respect for the person, even when my behavior might irritate or alienate you, makes it possible for me to accept all of this and find it helpful. There were times I felt very afraid of the group, though never of you individually. I needed very much at times to talk with just an individual, but during the course of the week discovered that most of you at some time or other were a real help to me. What a release to find so many instead of just leaders. This experience opened me to a deeper trust in people, increased my ability to be open with others. One of the nicest results is that now I can completely relax. I did not realize how much constant tension I was under until I suddenly was not. I am now much more sensitive to the time when my emotions or fatigue make me a poor listener, for I find that my own inner hurts and anxiety, even suppressed, interfered with my really listening to another. #RandolphHarris 13 of 19

“Since then I have been able to listen better and to respond more helpfully than ever before in my life. I have been far more aware of what I was feeling and experiencing myself—an openness to myself I never had before. Congruence was more an ideal than reality to me. Frankly, I could it disconcerting to experience and frightening to express. This was the first really safe place I had found to see what I was like, to experience and express myself. I now find that a lack of congruence in myself is painful. The release and joy in my being open to what I was experiencing within and being able to keep this openness between us was new and uplifting. I am deeply grateful to you who have made it possible for us to be so much more open with each other.” I trust that you will se in these experiences some of the elements of growth-promoting interpersonal communication that have had meaning for me. A sensitive ability to hear, a deep satisfaction in being heard; an ability to be more realm which in turn brings forth more realness from others; ad consequently a great freedom to give and receive love—these, in my experience, are the elements that make interpersonal communication enriching and enhancing. Of course, of a macro-level, things can be more complicated. #RandolphHarris 14 of 19

The moral precepts of God are written on our hearts as well as being an external code. The Spirit inclines our hearts and give us a desire to obey. The Spirit enables us t obey the law’s commands. The Spirit, by removing our hostility and writing the law on our hearts, actually causes us to delight in God’s law. The Spirit, by showing us God’s grace, produces a response of love and gratitude. We obey, not out of fear or to earn favor, but out of gratitude for favor already given. The Spirit bears witness with our spirit that we are accepted by God through the merit of Christ. By relying solely on this perfect righteousness, we feel accepted by Him. Thus, in our Christian life, we work from a position of strength, because we have been accepted through Jesus, and through Him, we have “made it.” Lehi’s seed are to receive the gospel from the Gentiles in the latter days—the gathering of Israel is likened unto an olive tree whose natural branches will be grafted in again—Nephi interprets the vision of the tree of life and speak of the justice of God in dividing the wicked from the righteous. About 600-592 Before Christ. “And it came to pass that after I, Nephi, had been carried away in the Spirit, and seen all these things, I returned to the tent of my father. And it came to pass that I beheld my brethren, and they were disputing one with another concerning the things which my father had spoken unto them. #RandolphHarris 15 of 19

“For he truly spake many great things unto them, which were hard to be understood, save a person should inquire of the Lord; and they being hard in their hearts, therefore they did not look unto the Lord as they ought. And now I, Nephi, was grieved because of the hardness of their hearts, and also, because of thing things which I had seen, and knew they must unavoidably come to pass because of the great wickedness of the children of humans. And it came to pass that I was overcome because of my afflictions for I considered that mine afflictions were great above all, because of the destruction of my people, for I had beheld their fall. And it came to pass that after I have received strength I spake unto my brethren, desiring to know of them the cause of their disputations. And they said: Behold, we cannot understand the words which our father hath spoken concerning the natural branches of the olive tree, and also concerning the Gentiles. And I said unto them: Have ye inquired of the Lord? And they said unto me: We have not; for the Lord maketh no such thing known to us. Behold, I said into them: How is it that ye do not keep the commandments of the Lord? How is it that ye will perish, because of the hardness of your hearts? Do ye not remember the things which the Lord hath said?—If ye will not harden your hearts, and ask me in faith, believing that ye shall receive, with diligence in keeping my commandments, surely these things shall be made known unto you. #RandolphHarrris 16 of 19

“Behold, I say unto you, that the house of Israel was compared unto an olive tree, by the Spirit of the Lord which was in our father; and behold are we not broken off from the house of Israel, and are we not a branch of the house of Israel? And now, the thing which our father meaneth concerning the grafting in of the natural branches through the fulness of the Gentiles, is, that in the latter days, when our seed shall be manifested in body unto the children of humans, then shall the fulness of the gospel of the Messiah come unto the Gentiles, and from the Gentiles unto the remnant of our seed—and at that day shall the remnant of our seed know that they are of the house of Israel, and that they are the covenant people of the Lord; and then shall they know and come to the knowledge of their forefathers, and also to the knowledge of the gospel f the Redeemer, which was ministered unto their fathers by him; wherefore, they shall come to the knowledge of their Redeemer and the very points of his doctrine, that they may know how to come unto him and be saved. And then at that day will they not rejoice and give praise unto their everlasting God, their rock and their salvation? Yea, at that day, will they not receive the strength and nourishment from the true vine? Yea, will they not come unto the true fold of God? #RandolphHarris 17 of 19

“Behold I say unto you, Yea; they shall be remembered again among the house of Israel; they shall be grafted in, being a natural branch of the olive tree, into the true olive tree. And this is what our father meaneth; and he meaneth that it will not come to pass until after they are scattered by the Gentiles; and he meaneth that is shall come by way of the Gentiles, that the Lord may show his power unto the Gentiles, for the very cause that he shall be rejected of the Jews, or of the house of Israel. Wherefore, our father hath not spoken of our seed alone, but also of all the house of Israel, pointing to the covenant which should be fulfilled in the latter days; which covenant the Lord made to our Father Abraham, saying: In thy seed shall all the kindred of the Earth be blessed,” reports 1 Nephi 15.1-18. Are you seeking to build and maintain your relationship with God on the basis of keeping the law, this is, on the basis of your personal performance, or on the basis of the merit of Jesus Christ? Do you view God’s moral precepts a source of bondage and condemnation for failure to obey them, or do you sense the Spirit producing within you an inclination and desire to obey out of gratitude and love? Do you try to obey by your own sheer will and determination or do you rely on the Spirit daily for His power to enable you to obey? #RandolphHarris 18 of 19

O God, Who by the grace of the Holy Ghost hast poured the gifts of love into the hearts of Thy faithful people; grant unto Thy servants, for whom I implore Thy mercy, health of body and soul; that they may love Thee with all their strength, and with perfect affection fulfil Thy pleasure; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Thou great I Am, please fill my mind with elevation and grandeur at the thought of a Being with whom one day is as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day, a mighty God, who, amidst the lapse of Worlds, and the revolutions of empires, feels no variableness, but is glorious in immortality. May I rejoice that, while people die, the Lord lives; that, while all creatures are broken reeds, empty cisterns, fading flowers, withering graces, He is the rock of ages, the foundation of living waters. Turn my heart from vanity, dissatisfactions, from uncertainties of the present state, to an eternal interest in Christ. Let me remember that life is short and unforeseen, and is only an opportunity for usefulness; give me a holy avarice to redeem the time, to awake at every call to charity and piety, so that I may feed the hungry, clothe the naked, instruct the ignorant, reclaim the vicious, forgive the offender, diffuse the gospel, show neighbourly love to all. Let me live a life of self-distrust, dependence on thyself, mortification, crucifixion, prayer. #RandolphHarris 19 of 19

Brighton Station at Cresleigh Ranch | Residence 2

Touring #BrightonStation at home is a breeze with our video walkthroughs! 🤗 This one-story Residence 2 home is 2,317 square feet of perfection! With 3 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, an open living area and a flex space, you will have everything you need and more! Explore more floor plans for #CresleighRanch on our website. If you would like to tour a model home, please contact us. 👍 https://cresleigh.com/brighton-station/residence-2/

#CresleighHomes