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The Vision and the Reality

Happiness is dependent solely on moral virtue, which involves practical intelligence and so can be taught, partly from a study of the names of things and definitions. However, the good people also require strength of mind and character. The achievement of virtue necessitates a mental and physical effort to toil through opposing difficulties, suffering, and pain. It may be appropriate to consider first whether American philosophical thought is distinguished by any special characteristics. An examination of American thought of the past and present shows that it has been pluralistic and that no single generation can describe it accurately. The United States has been receptive to a variety of intellectual themes and movements, from Puritanism and idealism to naturalism and positivism. Any formula designed to reduce these diverse elements to a uniform tradition is bound to involve overs implication. It is true that Americans have made extensive use of foreign ideas, but these have been transformed to meet American needs. The successive waves of immigration and the divergent philosophies and ideas that accompanied them were a continuing challenge to American intellectual development but only in recent times can it be said that America has made a contribution to philosophy proper.

The British, more than any other people, influenced the formation of American institutions; and the New England colonists, especially the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay area, appear to have left an indelible make on the American character. They believed that God is absolutely sovereign and that human being, beset with original sin, is totally dependent upon God. Salvation cannot be earned by virtuous works; God has foreordained who shall be elected to the “Society of Saints,” although presumably the performance of good work predisposes man’s soul to receive God’s grace. The Puritans, therefore, were deeply involved in the conflict between the doctrines of free will and determinism. However, in general it was agreed that life was a moral process, and certain moral virtues such as discipline, devotion, honesty, moderation, temperance, frugality, industry, and simplicity were typically praised. True virtue is the beauty of the heart, and religious love of being in general is a love of God. Humans who are sinful and corrupt, are naturally incapable of true virtue; yet there is a grace of God that is given to those who are elected for salvation.

A sign of having received this grace of God is an individual’s religious affections and a sense of beauty. Belief in God has its source in the affections of religious love and joy, but these are not to be comprehended by the natural senses and are transmitted from a supernatural source. God is first cause, designed the Universe, and all events are determined by natural laws. Therefore, nature (including humans) are a manifestation of the goodness of God. As rational beings, humans are capable of achieving good life on Earth and do not need to wait for the Heavenly Kingdom to come. Humanistic aims and goals are happiness, not faith, provided that standard of choice. The Enlightenment manifested an optimistic faith in science, reason, and education as the instruments of human progress. There is a general conviction that if one improved the social environment, one might improve humans and thereby achieve social justice. National rights are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness and constitute the foundation of social justice. #RyanPhillippe 3 of 6

Governments are artificial contracts designed to protect inalienable rights: if they fail to fulfill their original purpose, their claim to rightful authority is void, and they may justly be altered or dissolved. There is not, however, unanimity concerning the form of the new government to be established. We have truth only when our ideas conform to things, which means mist employ the inductive method and pay close attention to the facts. God’s existence, and the immortality of the soul is natural, mental, and moral. The Highest Being is taken to be entirely simple, immutable, and this essentially beyond our fragmentary concepts but, at the same time, to be the supreme source of an all intelligibility and, consequently, the one supremely knowable reality. Thank God for being able to see all that you have not yet been. You have had the vision, but you are not yet to the reality of it just yet. We are not quite prepared for the devastation that may come if we are going to be turned into the shape of the vision. We have seen what we are not, and what God wants us to be, but are we willing to be battered into the shape of the vision to be used by God?

A wonderful thing about God’s silence is that His stillness is contagious—it gets into you, causing you to become perfectly confident so that you can honestly say, “I know that God has head me.” God’s silence is the very proof that He has. If Jesus Christ is brining you into the understanding that prayer is for the glorifying of His Father, then He will give you the first sign of Hid intimacy—silence. The Universe is totally dependent on God’s creative power, and its nature and purpose are determined by his nature and reason. The essential reality of every creature is measured by its conformity to God, the supreme and creative Truth. Insofar as creatures reflects the divine reason and will, they realize the authentic order of creaturely existence, truth, and rightness. The rational creature is capable of thought, of choice, and action, and all three capacities are subject to the same ultimate standard. The criterion of the sound mind, the good will, and the right action is its truth, its intelligible rightness, its order grounded in the divine Being itself. The fundamental form of spiritual order is truth, the rightness of intelligence. Unless the mind is informed by the inherent rational order of God’s World, right choice and action are impossible. Furthermore, it is evident that for a rational understanding of the real order of things is in itself a spiritual good.

The quality of personal life is decisively determined, however, by will and action, rather than by thought. The rational creature, whose mind can apprehend the order of God’s truth and whose will can accept that order for its own decisions and actions, is obligated to maintain moral rightness or righteousness (iustitia) in the exercise of its freedom, which was bestowed on it for that very purpose. When it freely conforms will, word, and deed to the order of righteousness, the rational creature is right and just. To live righteously is to subordinate all creaturely loves and relationships to love for God and the quest for communication with him. It is because righteousness is essentially an orientation to the supreme and transcendent Good that one can see in it the supreme value of creaturely life, to be cherished for its own sake, and the gift of God, rather than human achievement. By Christ’s death man is restored to that righteousness which one had lost by one’s own fault, yet no violence is done to the justice and order of God’s treatment of His creatures.

I See You Getting Pleasure by Looking at Me Up and Down Smiling

Concealed pleasures are the greatest. The main conception of the World is that of three divine hypostases, or natures, which are, in descending order, the One Intellect, the Soul, and Time. The One is that from which all else depends, and toward which all aspires to return. It is above the realm of Being, lying beyond the possibilities of thought and discourse, and is to be attained only by a rare ascent of mystical exaltation. The realm of Intellect is the realm of Being, and Intellect contains the system of Ineligibles within itself. Intellect turns its back on the One in contemplation and derives thence its own productive power, while the intelligible World itself is seen not as static but as instinct with life. Soul derives from Intellect and looks toward it, and itself in turn gives rise to the World of nature; it is (importantly for Plotinus’ psychology) at the level of the Soul that we encounter time, which is the life of the soul in movement. God is not working toward a particular finish—His purpose is the process itself. It is the process, not the outcome, that is glorifying God.

Dark matter makes up about 27 percent of the Universe and is some strange kind of energy-fluid that filled space, unknowable in itself, represents the farthest limit to which the process of descent points; utterly negative, it is for Plotinus the source of evil. The other 68 percent of the Universe is dark energy. The Universe is thought to be 13.8-billion-years-old. Dark matter is an invisible substance that can only be seen through the effects of its gravity, while dark energy is pushing the Universe apart. The nature of both remains mysterious. Yet it is through these very clouds that the Spirit of God is teaching us how to walk by faith and not by sight. The Greek influence of the Platonic theory is shown to have a tendency to correspond with the Bible narrative of the divine Logos by means of which God formed the World: the intelligible World, subsisting in the Divine Mind, served as a pattern for the production of the material Universe. What is my vision of God’s purpose for me? Platonic tradition believes that the soul has a pre-existence, of a cosmic Fall, and that reincarnation is possible. If I can stay calm, faithful, and unconfused while in the middle of the turmoil of life, the goal of the purpose of God is being accomplished in me.

No civilized person ever regrets a pleasure, and no uncivilized individual ever knows what a pleasure is. If you do it too often, anything becomes a pleasure. The concept of pleasure has always bulked large in thought about human motivation and human values and standards. It seems clear to most people that pleasure and enjoyment are pre-eminent among the things worth having and that when someone gets pleasure out of something, one develops a desire for it. Moreover, from the time of Plato much of the discussion of the topics of motivation and value has consisted in arguments for and against the doctrines of psychological hedonism (only pleasure is desired for its own sake) and ethical hedonism (only pleasure is desirable for its own sake). One can make an intelligent judgment on these doctrines only to the extent that one has a well-worked-out view as to the nature of pleasure. Otherwise one will be unable to settle such questions as whether a putative counterexample, for instance, a desire for the welfare of one’s children, is or is not a genuine example of desiring something other than pleasure for its own sake.

The love of pleasure and the fear of pain are the ruling principles of the human heart, in which they maintain an uninterrupted struggle for superiority. Pleasure and pain have usually been regarded as opposite parts of a single continuum. As pain diminishes, it tends toward a neutral point; by continuing in the same “direction” we move toward increasing intensities of pleasure. Amounts of pain are negative quantities to be algebraically summated with amounts of pleasure in computing the total hedonic consequences of an action or a piece of legislation. This was in accordance with the utilitarian principle that an action is justified to the extent that it tends to produce pleasure and the diminution of pain. Since “pain” is most commonly used as a term for a kind of bodily sensation, it is natural to think of pleasure as having the same status. And indeed there are uses of the term “pleasure” in which it seems to stand for a kind of bodily sensation. Thus we speak of “pleasures of the stomach” and thrills of pleasure. However, as hedonists have often insisted, in any sense of the term in which psychological or ethical hedonism is at all plausible, the term “pleasure” must be sued so as to embrace more than certain kinds of localized bodily sensations.

The pleasure which attends noble aims remunerates not the pains they bring with them. When someone maintains that pleasure is the only thing which is desirable for its own sake, one certainly means to include states of the following sort: Enjoying taking pleasure in doing something, such as playing tennis. Getting satisfaction out of something, such as seeing an enemy humiliated. Having a pleasant evening; hearing pleasant sounds. Feeling good, having a sense of well-being. Feeling contented. It seems clear that phenomena of these sorts do not consist in localized bodily sensation of the same type as headaches, except for being an opposite quality. When someone has enjoyed playing tennis, it makes no sense to ask where (in one’s body) did one enjoy it. Nor does it make sense to wonder whether the pleasure one got from the tennis came and went in brief flashes, or whether it was steady and continuous; but theses would be sensible questions if getting pleasure from playing tennis were a localized bodily sensation like a headache.

Choosing to suffer means that there must be something wrong with you, but choosing God’s will—even if it means you will suffer—is something very different. No normal, healthy saint ever chooses suffering; one simply chooses God’s will, just as Christ did, whether it means suffering or not. God places His saints where they will bring the most glory to Him, and we are totally incapable of judging where that may be. The questions about the experience of playing tennis would not deny that various localized sensations might be involved in one’s enjoyment of the game, such as a swelling in one’s chest after making a good shot, or a sinking sensation in one’s stomach after muffing a shot. The point is that one’s enjoyment of the game cannot be identified with such sensations, for one could be enjoying the game throughout its duration, even though such sensations cropped up only from time to time. My vision of God is dependent upon the condition of my character. My character determines whether or not truth can even be revealed to me. There must be something in my character that conforms to the likeness of God. What I need is God’s surgical procedure—His use of external circumstances to being about internal purification.

Pleasure is a quality that can attach itself to any state of consciousness. In the state of future perfection, there will be pleasure without danger and security without restraint. Enjoying listening to music and feeling good on arising in the morning are special forms of “getting pleasure.” Getting pleasure can, then, be thought of as a good feeling. However, we have various degrees of getting pleasure. To be deprived of one pleasure is no very good reason for rejection of the rest. One can enjoy oneself more or less and be displeased at something more or less. Moreover, it would seem that there is an intermediate neutral point at which one is neither pleased nor displeased at what is happening, neither enjoying oneself nor feeling miserable, and so on. Nonetheless, the near approach of pleasure frequently awakens the heart to emotions which would fail to be excited by a more remote and abstracted observance. I have never had more pleasure in my contrivances then in the end of them. Keep paying the price. Let God see that you are willing to live up to the vision.

The Winchester Mystery House

Discover the tales of the ghosts and specters that linger in The Winchester Mystery House. https://winchestermysteryhouse.com/
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Every person has also in his moral backside which he does not show except under the stress of necessity and which he covers as long as possible with the pants of good breeding. To be in doubt about a proposition is to withhold assent both from it and from its contradictory. Although people sometimes withhold assent with no reason for doing so and persist in this even after conceding that they have no reason doubt is rational only when one has a reason for it and reasonable only when the reason is a good one. Doubt may be accompanied by various feelings, but it seems unlikely that there are specific feelings uniquely associated with it; in general, the feelings associated with distrust are anxiety or hesitation, which are identified as feelings of uncertainty when they arise in context involving questions of belief. The motives for our actions may be arranged like the thirty-two winds, and their names may be classified in a similar way, e.g., Bread-bread-glory or Glory-glory-bread. I did not come to bring peace but a sword. If you are sensitive to God’s way, your message as His believer will be merciless and insistent, cutting to the very root. Otherwise, there will be no healing. We must drive the message to the house so forcefully that a person cannot possibly hide but must apply the truth. #RandolphHarris 1 of 9

In any case, philosophers are not ordinarily concerned with psychological characterizations of a doubter’s state of mind. Their attention is primarily devoted to understanding the conditions under which doubt is reasonable and to defining the limits of reasonable doubt. Whether it is reasonable for a person to doubt a proposition cannot always be decided solely by considering the evidence which the person possess relevant to the proposition or, in a situation in which the purportedly noninferential knowledge, by considering his ground for assent. Doubts that are reasonable in another, although the available evidence or ground is the same in both cases. For example, special caution is appropriate when the penalties for error are particularly great; hence, an ordinarily acceptable basis for assent may be inadequate if much depends upon avoiding error, although the gravity of the risk does not in itself constitute evidence. Moreover, a basis for assent that would be entirely compelling in normal circumstances may be insufficient if otherwise remote possibilities of error must be taken seriously because of threats posed by a resourceful deceiver. Deal with people where they are until they begin to realize their true need. Until, at last, the buttons tore from the pants of his patience. #RandolphHarris 2 of 9

Nowadays, failure is much praised—the failed start-up has become a badge of honor among Silicon Valley entrepreneurs—and rightly so. Failure is part of the process, the error in “trial and error,” trying repeatedly for success. Originality requires venturing out into the unknown, dwelling in uncertainty, and learning an instance of wrong or improper conduct. And the more inventive a product, the less one knows about its chances of success. Innovation drags one into the realm of ambiguity—a continuous area or expanse that is free, available, or unoccupied. The dimensions of height, depth, and width within all things exist and move. In some scientific fields, experiments fail more than 70 percent of the time. Between more than 70 and 80 percent of new food products are failures. Venture capitalists, film producers, book editors, video game programmers, and pharmaceutical researchers all face extraordinarily high average failure rates. Failure is central to the discovery and creativity, and failures are more common than success. Today’s economic instability and globally competitive markets have also made remaining positioned on the top of someone or something harder than ever. The average time that a company spends in the S&P 500 index in 2016, is 25 percent of the average time in 1936. #RandolphHarris 3 of 9

The long-term health of [the American] economy and full economic recovery depend upon finding ways to encourage far more innovation. Only innovators and entrepreneurs will be safe from losing their jobs to automation or outsourcing. In a World where, say, a refrigerator instruction manual can be edited cheaply and proficiently by an English teacher in the country of Afghanistan, and where tax preparation can be done by algorithm, the people most likely to succeed and flourish are those who are creating new economic opportunities. Tomorrow’s workforce needs to handle the uncertainty and failure that go along with innovation. Unfortunately, today’s students are woefully unprepared. When is one entitled to regard a proposition as indubitable? It might be maintained that one is not entitled to do so as long as anything which can serve as evidence relevant to the proposition remains unexamined, on the ground that when this evidence comes to be examined, it may turn out to require an alteration of belief. When you are not playing eighteen holes of golf, you have to be inventive. You do not hit the same shot twice in a row with the same club. You are switching clubs, the slopes of the course are changing, and the ball is always in a different position relative to the hole. A better way to practice at the golf range, would be to train to face new and shifting challenges. #RandolphHarris 4 of 9

The practice range has it uses, of course. For building basic skills, repetition is great. Hitting buckets of call is what you should be doing. Golfers have to learn the baseline mechanics before they can apply them, just as physics students need to memorize basic equations. By virtue of the empirical and logical connections among facts, the truth-values of an unlimited number of proposition are relevant to that of any proposition to examine each of these other propositions, no proposition could ever be regarded as indubitable if it were first necessary to examine everything that may serve as evidence relevant to its truth-value. On the other hand, it seems that this impasse can be avoided only if it is possible to settle in advance the important matters that have not been examined. Instead of treating technique as the be-all and end-all, I emphasize training to face playing situations. Ideally, I want players to practice on the widest range of golf courses under different conditions, but that is not so realistic in terms of resources. We can viably transform the driving range into a place where golfers do not just learn to hit shots mechanically, but also prepare to adjust fluidly while something or someone is operating or moving. One has to simulate the unpredictability of the golf course by switching clubs, alternating distances, and playing out different scenarios. #RandolphHarris 5 of 9

It is best to prepare of competition by withholding feedback, something that many pupils and even fellow teachers are initially uncomfortable with. Whenever a golfer hits a shot, he or she gets nonverbal feedback from how the body feels, how the ball moved, and how it sounds. Golfers perform better during training if they can adjust to a coach’s constant feedback, but that very feedback can be a crutch, hurting them later on when they have to think for themselves. Since it is impossible to examine each of these other propositions, no proposition could ever be regarded as indubitable if it were first necessary to examine everything that may serve as evidence relevant to its truth-value. On the other hand, it seems that this impasse can be avoided only if it is possible to settle in advance the important of matters that have not been examined. The impossibility of checking all the consequences of an empirical proposition must always remain dubitable. Graduates confronted with a labor market that increasingly puts a premium on creativity, exploring uncertainties and learning from failure, yet many college professors still act like antiquated-school golf instructors focused on automatically applying skills, rather than helping students learn to deal with the challenges of invention. The current education system was designed and conceived and structured for a different age. Western education system has become obsolete; it is preparing workers for a World that no longer exists. Can we not do better? #RandolphHarris 6 of 9

Under what conditions is it reasonable to make such a requirement of incorrigibility—to arrange that nothing count as evidence against a certain proposition? In some cases (for instance, when a geometrical proposition is supported by a well-understood proof, or when a basic proposition is grounded in immediate experience) it may seem fairly clear that the conditions are satisfied. However, philosophers have failed to provide a general account of these conditions; instead they have usually limited themselves to identifying particular instances of their satisfaction. Some philosophers have claimed with considerable plausibility that certain elementary mathematical propositions (such as that 2 + 2 = 4) may be regarded as indubitable without proof, but they have done little to explain systematically why this should be so. Today’s pedagogic driving range is the university lecture, the standard form of teaching in higher education for six hundred years. In a typical classroom, students are neatly arranged using clear, declarative statements. Lectures are not usually designed to help students grapple with ambiguous problems. Professors do not generally include gaps in logic for students to fill in, or contradictions to workout, or pauses that encourage students to reflect. #RandolphHarris 7 of 9

That is because teachers get nervous or impatient and then answer their own queries. With regard to empirical propositions, neglect of the problem of clarifying the conditions in which they may be accepted as indubitable has resulted in part from widespread controversy over whether the problem properly arises at all. It is estimated that ten second usually elapsed between their questions and then the professor resumed speaking. Another study revealed a stunning ratio of teacher-to-student questions: an instructor in one causes posed eighty-four questions, while students asked only two. A more general obstacle to a sound understanding of the basis of indubitably lies in a tendency to look for it in the wrong place. Lectures do little to inspire interest, encourage conceptual or active thinking, change students’ minds, or help students learn how to respectfully disagree with their peers (since they are not discussing material with another). A proposition is indubitable when there could be no reason to doubt it, but this impossibility is not in general inherent in the logical character of the proposition itself. indubitability is an epistemic property which depends on the relation between a proposition and the evidence or ground for assent with which it is considered. #RandolphHarris 8 of 9

In particular, dubitability and indubitability must not be confused with logical contingency and logical necessity. The logical contingency of a proposition may reasonably be doubted by someone who is not in a position to appreciate its necessity and who therefore must concede the possibility that further inquiry will uncover evidence against it. Moreover, it is a mistake to suppose that evidence for a proposition it not conclusive unless its conjunction with the denial of the proposition is self-contradictory. To be sure, a proposition is indubitable if and only if no basis for assenting to its alternative is conceivable, but something may be inconceivable even though it contradicts neither itself nor what has already been established. To support the claims that a certain proposition is indubitable, it is not sufficient to understand the conditions in which such claims are justified; it is also necessary to know what the conditions are fulfilled in the particular case in question. The regress supports no more than the mordant comment that it is never reasonable to insist that the question of whether one is being reasonable is entirely closed. Lectures are often as good as reading the textbooks. They convey facts. The role is fitting, since in the Middle Ages, a lecture meant that a professor would read aloud from an original source. The problem is not with the lecture, but comprehension and discussion of the material. You may need to spend five years in Kappa Tau Gamma and Omega Chi Delta or Zeta Beta Zeta. #RandolphHarris 9 of 9

Half a Loaf is Better than Starvation–On What Does Our Knowledge Rest?

Victorian writers who tried, in different ways, to work out a humanistic morality capable of satisfying the deep human needs that they thought the antiquated religiously based morality could no longer satisfy, understood that hereditary and social influences on character are heavily emphasized, as is the effects one’s repeated actions or evasions will have on one’s own character and hence on one’s future actions. The morality that springs from this view is primarily one of sympathy and compassion. The complexity and obscurity of motives and the mixture of good and evil in personality and deed are constantly displayed by an individual’s behavior, speech, and actions. To know what one ought to do in particular cases, one must rely ultimately on one’s deepest feelings when these are enlightened by sympathy and by knowledge of circumstances and consequences. Wrongdoing is usually traces to stupidity, callousness, or thoughtlessly excessive demands for personal satisfaction, rather than to deliberate malice or personal satisfaction. Vice and crime are shown as eventually bringing retribution, but the reward of virtue is at best the peace that comes with acceptance of one’s lot. #RandolphHarris 1 of 9

Renunciation and patient selflessness are chief virtue (behavior showing high moral standards). God cannot give until one asks. It is not that He wants to withhold something from us, but that is the plan He has established for the way of redemption. As redemption creates the life of God is us, it also creates the things which belong to that life. The only thing that can possibly satisfy the need is what created the need. This is the meaning of redemption—it creates and it satisfies. I do not like to be alone, as much as I give out. And I do not want to be alone at this moment. I do not think you know much about what I do. I love paintings. I love the soft colors. I love the sailboats and all the agreeable people, people in fancy clothes. There is a sweetness to paintings. I suspect they soothe people’s nerves. At the time, living on a small estate in Rixdorf, near Berlin in Germany, I gathered around myself a circle of free spirits (including my brother) and we frequented Berlin cafes. Five Elephant Coffee & Cake Shop was one of my favorite. Around my brother, I would be decadent and treat myself to a slice of Kasekuchen and an ice latte, so delicious. It would bring back wonderful memories. #RandolphHarris 2 of 9

That twinge of Autumn again in my beloved heart. I closed my eyes. I cleared my mind of all random images. I called out to my father and the dessert reminded me of the myths he told me about a tribe of all beings, tender of bone, ancient, simple, tangled with my fledgling, unknown to the World of records, history and location essential to the sanity of those I love. Guidance. Mistakes I have made with my fledgling, spiraling out of control. Father, give to me your wisdom, your keen hearing, your vision. Where are the tall creatures? I am your loyal subject. More or less. I send my love. Would he answer? I did not know. My father is an intelligent person who does great things for others and settled into a life of benevolence, as it is the only feasible way of achieving lasting good. Kasekuchen always reminded me of him. He brought one home when I was five, and I did not care much for it as a child for it was not sweet, but I grew to love it, and it reminded me of times we spent together. He taught me that religion, arts, laws, and intellectual activity—is the conscious expression of the total culture, the whole way of life. #RandolphHarris 3 of 9

Special pleading can be pure, and can replace blindness with true conceptions, and can bring about the fundamental change in human consciousness that would really be liberating. History will, by its own logic, bring about the transformation which no deliberate program can institute: what criticism has destroyed in thought today, history will destroy in fact tomorrow. These means can be justified by means of a metaphysic of consciousness, according to which the World is a projection of the ego. Matter is the as yet unclarified aspect of the World; evil social conditions are the product of uncritical and self-alienated principles. Christianity, for example, freed the ego from its thralldom to the material World, but only through an alienation of spirit from matter that had in its turn created a new burden. However, once Christianity’s historical roots are exposed, its self-alienating power is broken; hence the importance of criticism. The same must be done with other forms of human bondage: revolutionary programs which do not reach to the roots of consciousness are futile. #RandolphHarris 4 of 9

Any statement of fact is true or false in virtue of some existing state of affairs in the World. Several current and various reform movements are insufficiently radial. The urban and sports agitation for political rights, for example, should be encouraging students to study and earn good grades so they can improve their futures. Instead of protesting, which could get them in trouble. People would have so much more sympathy and understanding if students around the World, stopped playing sports and video games and formed study groups and prayer groups and their grades improved significantly. The real problem is economic class behavior. Social conditions can be changed by changing people’s minds. These protest are getting people talking, but the disruption that they are causing is deemed to generally be too eccentric to be relevant. In many cases the truth-value of a statement is determined by appealing to the truth-values of certain other statements because most conflict seems destructive given how poorly conflict is typically managed in groups. #RandolphHarris 5 of 9

When conflict spirals out of control it is destructive. Reaction to injustice by interference in the form of verbal abuse, physical abuse, murder, and vandalism may be incompatible with your perceived goals because it is perceived as destructive conflict. Destructive conflict is characterized by domination, escalation, retaliation, competition, defensiveness, and inflexibility. Participants lose sight of their initial goals and focus on hurting their adversary. If a proposition contains expressions standing for complexes, the sense of the proposition will depend upon the truth of other propositions describing these complexes. When you see that you are engaging in petty, even infantile, tactics to win an argument, you are getting less than smart. Becoming physically and verbally aggressive moved the conflict into destructive territory. This does not mean that you can never raise your voice, express frustration, or disagrees with others. Conflict can remain constructive even when discussion becomes somewhat contentious. #RandolphHarris 6 of 9

When conflict becomes more emotional than reasonable, however, when you cannot think straight because you are too consumed by anger, then conflict has become destructive. I understand how people can be frustrated because we are living in an age where some people in positions create conflict for no other means, but to be evil and hurt others, and when you call it to their attention they ignore you, threaten you, or pretend they do not understand what is going on and continue with the hurtful behavior. However, it is your job to rise above this futile behavior. We know that all things work together for good to those who love God. God may cause our circumstances to suddenly fall apart, which may bring the realization of our unfaithfulness to Him for not recognizing that He had ordained the situation. This is where the test of our faithfulness comes. If we just will learn to worship God even during the difficult circumstances, He will change them for the better very quickly if He so chooses. #RandolphHarris7 of 9

The principal focus is on trying to achieve a solution between struggling parties that is mutually satisfactory to everyone. Resolution suggests settling conflict or terminating the struggle, as if ending conflict by any means is always desirable. However, since conflict can be an essential catalyst for growth in a system, resolving conflict is not necessarily desirable. In some instances, increasing conflict may be requires to evoke change. Human rights demonstrators purposely provoke conflict to challenge racism. Women who file sexual harassment lawsuits provoke conflict in order to end an evil. These classes of statements provide an unshakeable, indubitable foundation. However, I believe more in conflict management. Managing conflict implies no end to the struggle. Although some conflict episodes do end with a group and are therefore resolved, conflict overall in a system is a continuous phenomenon varying only in intensity. Management of conflict also implies no judgment on the goodness or badness of struggles in general. Communication is central to conflict in groups. Our communication can signal that conflict exists, it can create conflict, and it can be the means for managing conflict constructively or destructively. #RandolphHarris 8 of 9

Many of the driving forces of modern society—especially its false emphasis on profit, its substitution of exploitation of men and things for right use, and its general adoption of commerce as the central human concern—are in fact hostile to any Christian life in the World. Once you have put someone on notice and made and effort to resolve the situation and let them know several times that they are causing you harm, then that leaves them open to penalties. When we compromise, we lower our expectations and goals. When compromising, we give up something to get something. Compromising is choosing a middle ground. Half a loaf is better than starvation—not in all circumstances, but certainly in some. Christianity can foster many valuable emotions and all actions must be for the glory of God. What we do will have good effect on future generations and we shall be remembered by them with love as there is a sufficient motive to virtue and a sufficient replacement of the belied in personal immortality and personal reward. #RandolphHarris 9 of 9

They are Infected with the Sin of Pride—Eat what God has Given You!

Granted the existence of evil, the obvious expedient is to improve out World rather than to make it even worse by adding to the sufferings. Desires springs from a lack and consists in a dissatisfaction. When it meets with hindrances, it produces noting but frustration, because it cannot attain its object; when it does attain its object, it produces nothing but boredom, because desire ceases with fulfillment and leaves one with an undesired object. Since desire necessarily involves dissatisfaction, frustration, and boredom, the only escape is by annihilation of all desire in order to achieve liberation from this World of pain. If we escae were desirable, there is no guarantee that the ascetic life would actually lead to freedom. A good example to illustrate this is the story told of a wealthy but elderly gentleman who showed his devotion to a young actress by many lavish gifts. Being a respectable girl, she took the first opportunity to discourage his attentions by telling him that her heart was already given to another man. “I never aspired as high as that,” was his polite answer. His actions were a desire for the sexual sense which could easily escape the unsuspecting person. It was a double meaning with illusion.

Asceticism is the doctrine that one ought to deny one’s desires. In practice, denial means refraining from the fulfillment of desires and sometimes mortifying the desire by inflicting upon oneself the very opposite of what is desired. This involves abstinence from genuine goods, the frustration of unfulfilled desires, and even self-inflicted pain (sometimes it can be emotional as in the case above). If ascetic practices are to be recommended, the must be a necessary evil to something better. One might regard the ascetic life as a means to something better. One might regard the ascetic life as a means to liberation from this World of suffering. It would be unrealistic to deny that we all suffer from time to time and there are those for whom life is mostly suffering. It would be equally unrealistic, however, to deny that for most of us the evils we experience are more than balanced by the genuine values we enjoy. Is there an immortal soul to be rewarded or a God to do the rewarding? Even the believer may reject asceticism on religious grounds. However, some may seem to have no choice, but to accept it.

Nonetheless, a benevolent deity would hardly have created us with natural desires and then commanded us to deny these very desires and to suffer the consequent evils of frustration and pain. Unless reason is thought of as a disembodied spirit—in which case it is hard to see how the body hinders reason in the first place—it would seem that ascetic practices make one less, rather than more, capable of the clear and sustained reasoning that is required for obtaining knowledge. The ascetic life might be advances means to virtue. It must be admitted that desire sometimes cause one to act wickedly, but these same desires also cause one to act virtuously. The sexual desire that can lead to adultery more often leads to conjugal fidelity. Hence there is a double error in regarding sexual desire as evil. It does not always, or even usually, expresses itself in sinful actions; and if adultery is a sin, that is because it does violence to the institution of marriage, which is itself an expression of the pleasures of the flesh.

There is a morbid fascination in any survey of the ascetic practices of humans. Fasting, the virgin priestess, and the mutilation of the body are common features of ancient religions. In monastic Christianity the austere ideals of celibacy, obedience, and poverty have been both practiced and admired. The most accomplished ascetics have been the wanderes (sunnyasins) of ancient India and the anchorites of fourth-century Egypt. One sunnyasian held his arms above his head with fists clenched until the muscles in his arms atrophied and the nails grew through his palms. It is said that the anchorite St. Simeon Stylites tied a rope tightly around himself until it ate into his body and his flesh became infested with worms. As the worms fell from his body he replaced them in his putrefied flesh, saying, “Eat what God has given you.” Asceticism is a sort of unnatural moral discipline and the principle idea is to deny one’s desires. Asceticism may be partial or complete. Partial asceticism is the theory that one ought to deny one’s lower desires, which are usually identified as sensuous, bodily, or Worldly and are contrasted with more virtuous or spiritual desires.

Complete asceticism is the theory that one ought to deny all desires without exception. Moderate asceticism is the theory that one ought to repress one’s desires as far as is compatible with the necessities of this life. Extreme asceticism is the theory that one ought to annihilate one’s desires totally. The belief that austerities (tapas) burn away sin was a product of the non-Ayran tradition of the ancient Greeks. Although Greek ethics were predominantly naturalistic, Plato sometimes argued that one ought to repress the bodily desires in order to free the soul in its search for knowledge. They believed that the desire of the flesh should be repressed in order to achieve moral virtue and the contemplation of God. We know that by some authority that one ought to deny one’s lower desires. One authority is the Bible, in which we find both express ascetic commandments and examples like those of the Virgin Mary and the celibate Christ. By undergoing the suffering of self-denial, one is taking up the cross of Christ. Since Christ came into this World as a model for all of humanity, all of humanity ought to share in his redemptive suffering.

Humans ought to deny their lower desires to prove their virtue, for the ascetic life is a test of devotion to God, and those who pass the test will win a Heavenly reward. By denying the pleasure of the flesh, one balances the scales of justice and lifts the guilt from one’s soul, as all humans are viewed as sinners and this is a retributive theory. Self-denial is valuable because it develops in individuals certain character traits like persistence and self-discipline, which are essential to living well. The lower desires cost too much to satisfy. Gratification must be purchased with great effort, and perhaps these desires are insatiable, so than no expenditure of effort will gratify them. The lower desires are misguided, for their objects are really evils or, as best, indifferent things. In either case, no genuine value is realized by fulfilling one’s desires. Although the objects of the lower desire are good, they are much less good than higher values like virtue, knowledge, or Heaven. Since an individual’s time and energy are limited, one ought not to allow these lower desires to distract from the pursuit of what really matters.

The lower desires are intrinsically evil. Since they turn humans away from God and his commands toward Earthly objects, they are infected with the sin of pride. Although not sinful in themselves, the lower desires do motivate sinful actions. You might wonder why people who have status and seem to be doing well and have greater careers are jealous of someone who has so much less than them and it is because when people are infected with pride, it makes them angry that someone with so little could possess more knowledge, love, and happiness. The lower desires interfere with the pursuit of knowledge, which is essential for the good life. They interfere either by causing an agitation that destroys one’s own power of reasoning or by fixing one’s attention on sensory objects that distract from the transcendent reality. Education that is lifelong and drawn from many sources, travel, private lives, public association, mentors, all the pleasures and pains of real life, revelations, flubs are raw ingredients of leadership. However, even if one has all that, only he or she can put it all together and make it work, which is just as well, or we would end up with robots or, worse, beings from some artificial reality.

Why are we playing games at all? Why are we not acting to better the human condition? Do you not what to look at someone’s life and know that you contributed to their happiness and not their suffer and pain? It is out of the broad, deep kind of life, this profound sort of experience and education that one develops taste, judgement, curiosity, energy and wit, along with virtue and passion. Wit is the third rail of the intellect, enabling us to be simultaneously rational and intuitive, setting off that spark we usually call inspiration. Eros ad Logos in perfect balance result in a healthy balance of faith and doubt, too—faith in oneself and abilities and in the World’s possibilities, along with sufficient doubt to question, challenge, and probe, and thereby improve the World and oneself. A leader does not just practice one’s profession or vocation, one masters it. A leader adapts, imagines, reverses, connects, compares, rejects, incubates, plays, and then surrenders—in the way that an Aristotle, having mastered the work, surrendered to it, became one with it, so that we could not tell where Aristotle stopped and the knowledge and philosophy started. One might advocate the ascetic life as a means of pleasing God and winning the eternal bliss of Heaven.

Instead of being a virtue, self-denial is actually a vice. Virtue requires at least prudence and benevolence, but the ascetic is imprudent in abstaining from available goods and in even inflicting harm upon himself. By concentrating on the cultivation of his own soul through suffering of others and to ignore his obligation to work for their welfare. The ascetic life is not good in itself because it some argue that it runs counter to the basic motives in human nature. However, I think there is a balance. While we should not suffer, we should learn to control ourselves. Those who are incapable of living well disguise their impotence and fear by inverting morality in order to excuse their own moral sickness and to restrain the strong men who appear dangerous. Self-discipline is a genuine virtue, but it denies desires only when it is necessary to achieve an inclusive and harmonious satisfaction. This is basically an ascetic principal in which one maintains his own power over the sick heard. Obviously, leaders must be both competent and possess ambition.

Life May as Properly be Called an Art

Art should never be a vehicle for propaganda. Life and death together make sad work for us all. Greek and Egyptian and Japanese art are some of the best examples I have ever seen. I am not really into modern graffiti art. The needs of our actual life are so imperative, that sense of vision becomes highly specialized in their service. When I hoped I feared, since I hoped I dared; everywhere alone as a church remains; spectre cannot harm, serpent cannot charm; he deposes doom, who hath suffered him. With an admirable economy we learn to see only so much as is needful for our purposes; but this is in fact very little, just enough to recognize and identify each object or person; that done, they go into an entry in our mental catalogue and are no more really seen. In actual life the normal person really only read the labels as it were on the objects around him and troubles no further. Almost all the things which are useful in any way put on more or less this cap of invisibility. It is only when an object exists in our lives for no other purpose than to be seen that we really look at it, for instance at a China ornament or a precious stone, and towards such even the most normal person adopts to some extent the artistic attitude of pure vision abstract from necessity.

Aesthetics is the philosophy of art and beauty that is concerned with analysis of concepts and the solution of problems that arise when one contemplates objects of subjective attractiveness. Aesthetic value, experience, as well as the entire battery of concepts occurring specifically in the philosophy of art, are examined in the discipline known as aesthetics, and questions such as “What feature make objects beautiful?” and “Are these aesthetic standards?” –as well as all questions occurring specifically in the philosophy of art—are aesthetic questions. Nevertheless, most of the interesting and perplexing aesthetic questions through the ages have been concerned specifically with art: “What is artistic expression? Is there truth in works of art? What is an artistic symbol? What do works of art mean? Is there a general definition of art? What makes a work of art good?” Although all these questions are questions of aesthetics, they have their locus in art and do not arise in the consideration of aesthetic objects other than works of art.

Because of the differences among the media of the various arts, there are concepts which apply in a straightforward manner to one or more of the arts but not all, or in a different sense, to other arts. The emphasis in Venetian art is on the sensuousness of light and color and the pleasures of the senses. The closet we have some to it so far is in the mysterious glow that infuses Leonardo’s Mona Lisa, but is only hinted at in Leonardo’s work explodes in Venetian paintings as full-blown theatrical effect. Partly under the influence of Leonardo, who has visited Venice after leaving Milan in 1499, Giorgione developed a painting style of blurred edges and softened forms. After his teacher’s death in the great plague of 1510, Giorgione’s student, Titian, took on this style even further, developing a technique that employed a painterly brushstroke to new, sensuously expressive ends. Two paintings of Venus, the first by Giorgione, probably completed by Titian himself, demonstrate the sensuality of the Venetian style. Giorgione’s life-size figure, bathed in luminous light, is frankly erotic, but Titian’s is even more so. Positioned on the crumpled sheets of a bed, rather than in a pastoral landscape, she is not innocently sleeping but gazes directly at us, engaging us in her sexuality.

Raphael learned much from both Leonardo and Michelangelo, and, in 1508, he was awarded the largest commission of the day, the decoration of the papal apartments at the Vatican in Rome. One the four walls of the first room, the Stanza della Segnatura, he painted frescos representing the four domains of knowledge—Theology, Law, Poetry, and Philosophy. The most famous of these is the last, The School of Athens. Raphael’s paintings depicts a gathering of the greatest philosophers and scientists of the ancient World. The centering of the composition is reminiscent of Leonardo’s Last Supper, but the perspectival renderings of space is much deeper. Where, in Leonardo’s masterpiece, Christ is situated at the vanishing point, in Raphael’s work, Plato and Aristotle occupy the position. These two figures represent the two great, opposing schools of philosophy, the Platonists, who were concerned with the spiritual Work of ideas (thus Plato points upwards), and the Aristotelians, who were concerned with the matter-of-factness of material reality (thus Aristotle points over the ground upon which he walks).

The expressive power of the figures owes much to Michelangelo, who, it is generally believed, Raphael portrayed as the philosopher Heraclitus, the brooding, self-absorbed figure in the foreground. Raphael’s commission in Rome is typical of the rapid spread of the ideals of the Italian renaissance culture to the rest of Italy and Europe. The aesthetic attitude is also distinguished from the cognitive. Students who are familiar with the history of architecture are able to identify quickly a building or a ruin, in regard to its time and place of construction, by means of its style and other visual aspects. They look at the building primarily to increase their knowledge and not to enrich their perceptual experience. This kind of ability may be important and helpful (in passing examinations, for example), but it is not necessarily correlated with the ability to enjoy the experience of simply viewing the building itself. The analytical ability may eventually enhance the aesthetic experience, but it may also stifle it. People who are interested in the arts from a professional or technical aspect are particularly liable to be diverted from the aesthetic way of looking to the cognitive.

The aesthetic way of looking is also antipathetic to the person, in which the viewer, instead of regarding to the personal, in which the viewer, instead of regarding the aesthetic object so as to absorb what it has to offer him, considers its relation to himself. Those who did not listen to music but use it as a springboard for their own personal reveries provide an example of this nonaesthetic hearing that often passes for listening. For instance, the man who does to see a performance of Othello and instead of concentrating on the play thinks only of the similarity of Othello’s situation to his own real life situation with his wife, is not viewing the play aesthetically. His attitude is one of personal involvement; it is a personalized attitude, and the personalization inhibits whatever aesthetic response the viewer may otherwise have had. In viewing something aesthetically we respond to the aesthetic object and what it has to offer us, not to its relation to our own lives. (The latter has to offer us, and it is not necessarily undesirable, but it should be sharply distinguished from the aesthetic response.)

The formula “we should not get personally involved” is sometimes used to describe this criterion, but this too is misleading. It does not mean that a playgoer may not identify with the characters in the play or be vitally interested in what happens to them; it only means that he must not make any personal involvement he may have with the character or the problems in the play substitute for careful viewing of the play itself. We can see the difference clearly if we contrast the situation of being involved in a shipwreck with viewing a newsreel of it or a movie about it. In the first case we would do what we could save our own lives and assist other. In the second case, however, we know that whatever disastrous events occurred have already happened and there is nothing we can do about it now, and realizing this, our tendency to respond to the situation with action is automatically cut off. However, much we identify with the sufferers, we are not personally involved in any sense that is geared to action. Pride of ownership may interfere with the aesthetic response. The person who responds enthusiastically to playing of a symphony before guests on one’s own stereo set, but fails to respond to the playing of the same symphony on an identical recording set in one’s neighbor’s house, is not responding aesthetically

The antiquarian or the museum directors who, in choosing a work of art, must attend to historical value, prestige, age, and so on, may be partly influenced by an estimate of its aesthetic value, but one’s attention is necessarily diverted to noneaesthetic factors. Similarly, if a person values a play or novel because one can glean from it items of information concerning the time and place about which it was written, one is substituting an interest in acquiring knowledge for an interesting in aesthetic experience. If a person favors a work of art because it offers more edification or supports the right cause, one is confusing a moral attitude with the aesthetic, which is also true if one condemns it on moral grounds and fails to separate this condemnation from one’s aesthetic evaluation of it. (This is particularly likely to occur with persons who never really view an object aesthetically at all, but simply as a vehicle for propaganda, whether moral, political, or otherwise.) We care about art, drama, and plays, but are able to detach from them, admit we care, but also know it is not a reflection of the World around us. So we can identify, but not get totally absorbed. Strange life mind—rather curious history—not extraordinary, but singular.

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Awakening the Sleeping World—Meet Nature with New Eyes

I stood once on a hot Summer’s day besides the pool and contemplated a water-lily which had spread its leaves evenly over the water and with an open blossom was basking in the Sunlight. How exceptionally fortunate, though I, must this lily be which above basks in the Sunlight and plunged in the water—if only it might be capable of feeling the Sun and the bath. And why not? I asked myself. It seemed to me that nature surely would not have built a creature so beautiful, and so carefully designed for such conditions, merely to be an object of observation. I was inclined to think that nature had built it thus in order that all the pleasure which can be derived from bathing at once in Sunlight and in water might be enjoyed by one creature in the fullest measure. I cling more and more firmly to the reverence for God this manner of knowing moves from the adequate idea of the formal essence of attributes of God to the adequate knowledge of the spirit of things, these words give me courage to devote my entire life to the contemplation of the nature that I can reach and whose essentia formali I can hope to fashion an adequate idea. The mental factor made its appearance out of the blue at some date in the World’s history. Panpsychism is the theory according to which all objects in the Universe, not only human beings and animals but also plants and even objects we usually classify as “inanimate” have an inner or psychological beings, which means your car could have a soul, a rock could have a soul, and trees could have souls. So treat everything you come into contact with with care and respect. Where we see inorganic life Nature seemingly dead, there is, in fact, conscious life as surely as there is any Being present in Nature at all. All motion of al matter in space may be explained as a natural expression of the inner status of beings that seek or avoid one another with a feeling of their need. The whole of the World of sense is but the veil of an infinite realm of mental life. It is the best, clearest, most natural, and most beautiful account of the Universe, and renders the operation of things more comprehensible and also enables us to act upon them more successfully. All bodies whatsoever, though they have no sense yet have perception, which expresses a more fundamental truth than do the materialistic concepts which were then being shaped as adequate for physics.

Nevertheless, there is a night-view of the Universe—an outlook natural in a mechanized civilization in which people are incapable of noticing and appreciating anything that cannot become the subject of measurement and calculation. There are vast emotional benefits to believing in the immortal soul and recognizing that everything is alive. For instance, many people think that glass is solid and inanimate, but if you look at Victorian houses, which still have the original windows, you will notice waves in the glass because over hundreds-of-years, it is slowly moving. Panpsychism indicates the pervading animation of the Universe, the aesthetic view of Nature may lawfully fill out the sum of what exists. If we are panpsychists we no longer look on one part of the cosmos as but a blind and lifeless instrument for the ends of another, but, on the contrary, find beneath the unruffled surface of matter, behind the rigid and regular repetitions of its working, the warmth of a hidden mental activity. The fullness of animated life is even in things as the dust trodden by our feet [and] the prosaic texture of the cloth (drapper) that forms or clothing. By now, you may be wondering: Where do comets come from? And what are they? Dust only to one whom it inconveniences, but remember that human beings who are confined in a low social position, in which the outflow of intellectual energy is greatly impeded, are not by any means deprived of their high density. Our solar system was born about 4.5 billion years ago, and this took place 25,000 light-years from the center of our galaxy (Milkyway), where an interstellar nebula (a region rich in dust and gas) began to fragment and contract, probably due to the shock waves caused by one or more supernova explosions. Supernovas are massive stars that have reached the end of their lives, and they explode either completely or partially and expel an enormous quantity of energy and a variety of chemical elements into space. They also produce shock waves that create ripples in the structure of space like the ones that break the surface of a pond when a stone is thrown into it. When these irregularities come into contact with gas or dust in space, they produce significant perturbations in the interstellar material.

This fragmented the original nebula into clouds, each of which began to rotate as a result of the shock sustained. Under the force of its own gravity, one of these clouds—the one which would eventually form the solar system and which we will call the protosolar nebula—began to contract more. By the of conservation of angular momentum (the same one that makes a skater spin faster when she wraps her arms around her body), the cloud’s rate of rotation sped up as it got smaller. This in turn produced a flattening of the cloud by centrifugal force. Still under the force of gravity, most of the material was deposited at the center of the cloud, where, at certain point, having reached sufficient pressure and therefore a high enough temperature (about six million degrees), the nuclear reactions that led to the creation of our sun became possible. The rest of the cloud, meanwhile, quickly became a relatively thin disk. Dust particles along the plane of the disk continued to collide with each other at an ever-increasing rate Through this action, as well as the concomitant magnetic and electrostatic forces, the particles began coalesce, forming granular masses about a meter in diameter. At this point, gravitational forces gained the upper hand, and the coalescing material began to pull together ever more forcefully. This caused even more sizable objects to form, with dimensions on the order of a few kilometers. Called planetestimals, these objects orbited the Sun on trajectories with various inclinations and eccentricities. At the same time, the young Sun began to blow a strong “wind” loaded with charged particles (protons and electrons), which almost completely stripped the inner part of the solar system of gas. Then a kind of planetary billiard game came into play. Planetestimals on intersecting trajectories sustained collision that were destructive if they happened at high speed and aggregative if they took place at a lower velocity. The latter prevailed, and in the end, bodies about the size of the Moon were formed (roughly 3,000 kilometers in diameter) that orbited in barely inclined and not very eccentric trajectories. These survivors of the game eventually grew to become planets of the “terrestrial” type—Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars—and wound up in stable, nearly circular and only slightly inclined orbits that kept them from colliding with each other. This process probably lasted for 100 million years for the Earth, a little less for Venus and Mercury and a little longer for Mars.

So in essence, a comet is a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust an, when near the sun, it forms a tail, or even two separate tails—one of dust and the other of ionized gas (plasma). Comets are known to be the origin of human life, as well as all life on Earth. The oppressed fragments of humanity are this dust of the spiritual World, and we may yet affirm a divine origin and a celestial goal, then we have far less reason to deny an inner life to physical dust particles; uncomely as these may appear to us in their accumulations, they are at least everywhere and without shortcoming preform the actions permitted to them by the Universal order. Nothing is destitute itself of life and reason, can generate a being possessed of life and reason; the World does generate beings possessed of life and reason; so many believe it is true that there is a cosmic reservoir of consciousness in which all lesser souls are contained, and this is why people maintain that plants and inanimate objects have an inner psychic life, as we all come from the same space dust. And even the Earth is a living creature, a unitary whole in form and substance, in purpose and effect and self-sufficient in its individuality. It is related to our human body as the whole tree is to a single twig, a permanent body to a perishable, small organ. The Earth since it produces all living and animated beings and harbors them as parts of life, may itself be plausibly regarded as alive and animated. Many people are shocked that the luxurious condominium towers in San Francisco, California USA, known as the Millennium Tower, which is a 58-story high-rise building is sinking. In fact, it has sunk 16 inches since its completion in 2008, and it is also sinking unevenly and has begun to lean, but it still not enough that anyone would notice.

‘However, I am surprised that people are shocked. As houses get older, and buildings, architects notice that the floors and walls become uneven. People have to remember that the Millennium Tower is heavy and the Earth is moving, alive, and mostly made of dirt, so excess weight will naturally compress the soil. The only people who are not open to the inner life of things will find it difficult to regard the Earth as a unitary organism with an inner life as well as a body. To demand to be shown the eyes and ears, the mouth and digestive system, the skin, and hair, the arms, and legs, the nervous system and the brain of the Earth is quite improper. Unlike an animal, the Earth does not need a mouth and a stomach because it does not have to take in substances from the outside. An animal pursues its prey and in turn attempts to escape its pursuers, and hence it needs eyes and ears, but the Earth is not a pursuer and is also not pursed. An animal needs a brain and nerves in order to regulate its movements in response to its environment, but the Earth moves around without any such assistance. It has regulated its relations to the external World in the most beautiful and becoming manner. The Earth is strangely like a human soul. It has its dark and bright days, its troubles from within, and its disturbances without. The soul, as you conceive it, is not a spiritual conception, but some kind of organization—a ghost, in short, having functions, but the Devil himself cannot define its structure. Life the Sunbeams, the soul of humans pervades and enlightens surrounding matter. You cannot hide the soul.

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The Wine is Harmonious and the Music is a Good Flavor

Most of us know how to distinguish moral right and wrong. The moral sense also enables us to account for our approval and condemnation of actions and characters as following from our being pleased or pained by them. I am sick of being around a lot of old, mentally immature adults, who think life is a game and money and status is all that matters. Their motives are not clear nor assignable. When someone slips to the street and falls, instead of offering assistance or asking is the individual is okay, these people laugh because they think the calamity of others is a comical situation. The infantile corresponding displays an inferior mental and moral development, and perhaps even childish pain. However, these mentally immature people, many of them have adult children and grandchildren, who tend to be more mature than they are. Nevertheless, I think children find their behavior amusing because few things can afford the child greater pleasure than when the grown-up lowers himself to his level, disregards his superiority, and plays with the child as its equal. The alleviation which furnishes the child pure pleasure is a debasement used by the adult as a means of making things comic and as a source of comic pleasure. As for unmasking, we know that it is based on degradation.

We have heard that the release of painful emotions is the strongest hindrance to the comic effect. Just as aimless motion causes harm, stupidity mischief, and disappoint pain; –the possibility of a comic effect ends, at least for one who cannot defend oneself against such pain, who is oneself affected by it or must participate in it, whereas one who is unconcerned shows by one’s behavior that the situation of the case in question contains everything necessary to produce a comic effect. Humor is this a means to gain pleasure despite the painful affects which disturb it; it acts as a substitute for this affective development, and takes its place. If we are in a situation which tempts us to liberate painful affects according to our habits, and motives then urge us to suppress these affects in statu nascendi (in the case of being formed or developed), we have the conditions for humor. The person affected by misfortune, pain, excreta, could obtain humoristic pleasure, to ease the hardships he suffers from, while the disinterested party laughs over the comic pleasure. The deliverances of this faculty are feelings or sentiments; hence, it is counted as a sense. If people do not mature by the time they are 50, it is likely they never will.

It is disheartening to be stuck in a place with a lot of adults who are more immature than teenagers. It could be because of the political atmosphere. When we have leaders than are immature, show a lack of restraint and family values, it spills into the community. However, instead of firing immature adults who are ruining a business and harassing and annoying others, many employers choose to ignore the mentally unwell behavior, and when they see a decrease in revenue, instead of firing the older person(s), who often has seniority and is the reason for the decline in business, they law off younger, more talented individuals and reduce everyone’s work hours to make up for the loss of revenue. And even though management is aware that senior employees are engaging in hostile and often illegal behavior, they tend to ignore it. For instance, the superintendent of Yosemite National Park, Don Neubacher, age 63, announced, on 29 September 2016, he is stepping down amid an ongoing federal investigation into allegations of a hostile work environment in which employees, particularly women, are bullied, sexually harassed, intimidated, and belittled.

Our observation of an instance of virtuous action is the occasion for a feeling of pleasure or satisfaction, which enables us to distinguishing that action as honorable. Similarly, our observation of an instance of vicious action is the occasion for a feeling of pain or uneasiness, which enables us to distinguish that actions as malicious. It took a federal investigation by a House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform examination of misconduct and mismanagement at the National Park Service to get Don Neubacher to step down, so it is likely that this unethical and possibly illegal behavior had been going on unpunished for many, many years. The moral sense is generally an influencing motive in our pursuit of virtue and our avoidance of vicious behavior, and it plays a part in our bestowal of praise and blame. Sometimes as people age, they experience a haunting fear and it turns into a full-blown nightmare in senility. On occasions around the age of 50, 60, or 70, a few people experience a mental decline and in their pathetic condition they have lost their centeredness, and they realize they are not oneself.

Senility is a reality that comes to some. It symbolized the most exaggerated pain of the oldness that can come with aging. It is all too obvious, all too limiting, all too tragically pathetic. And to age is to have to face the prospect of possibly being senile. Age now divides people into good versus bad. When people become senile, their abilities go away; memory decays, and instead of being on the saddle, the saddle is on them. Many can recognize their proneness to pain by looking at the kind of reactions they are hoping to elicit from others by choices and behavior. By constantly letting go of our negative feelings about someone who is going senile and annoy us, we thus cure present pain and prophylactically prevent the occurrence of future pain. People who have a mind that is deteriorating often get confused and say and do unusual things, so if it is bothering you so much just avoid them. The many faces of fear are familiar to us all. We have felt free-floating anxiety and panic. We have been paralyzed and frozen by fear. When it is more severe, we become scared, cautious, blocked, tense, shy, speechless, superstitious, defense, and distrustful. We have all been there and can turn it off, but a senile person cannot.

Good and evil are relative to the person who uses these words; and when people are joined together in a commonwealth, then good and evil are subject to the determinations of the commonwealth. As for our motives for pursuing good and avoiding evil, they may be summed up as self-interest. Were it to our own interest to pursue what others, or the commonwealth have designated as evil, we certainly would; but, for the most part, our appreciation of the convenience which follows from everyone’s following the same rules and, at the worst, our fear of punishment on being caught deter us from the practice of evil. Knowledge consists of perceptions, which must arrive in the mind by one of two routes, either sensation or reflection. Whatever can be known must be accounted for in the way is not knowledge. The proponents of the moral sense accounted for our knowledge of moral right and wrong as reflexive perceptions. When someone observes a given action or considers a certain character trait, these first perceptions are immediately followed by a secondary set of feelings either pleasure or uneasiness, according to whether the action or character is virtuous or vicious.

By consulting these secondary perceptions, we can make our moral judgments. The proponents of the moral sense make it clear and are careful to point out that actions are not virtuous because we are pleased in a certain manner. Thus, moral pleasures and pains are distinctive feelings. And always distinguish different kinds of pleasure, for example, some may be pleased both by a good musical composition and by a good bottle of wine, and their goodness is determined merely by the pleasure they give; but we do not say on that account that the wine is harmonious or the music is a good flavor. Besides accounting for our knowledge of right and wrong, the moral sense closes the gap between moral knowledge and moral behavior by providing motive for moral behavior. Since moral knowledge consists of feeling of pleasure and uneasiness, the prospect of enjoying or avoiding these feelings is a sufficient motive for pursuing virtue and avoiding vice. If moral knowledge were not ultimately a matter of feelings, it would be possible for someone to know that a certain kind of action is virtuous but still have no motive for doing it.

Economy of sympathy is one of the most frequent sources of humoristic. People talk about moral sense as talking about an extra organ of sense, a moral nose or a moral ear. How acute they were to have discovered a new human organ which no one had noticed until they came along! Merely to mention the possibility was enough to show the nonexistence of such an organ and to render the doctrine of a moral sense laughable. However, God determined us to be pleased by benevolent actions; and when nothing interferes with the moral sense, we count benevolence a virtue and malevolence a vice. We do have a good reason for preferring one sort of action to another, namely the action’s tendency to maintain society. Should someone ask, “And why should I prefer the maintenance of society to its destruction? Society exists because, as a matter of fact, by far the greater number of people have the kind of feelings to make it possible. Our moral knowledge comes from reason; reason alone can never be an exciting motive of action. A person may know that a certain way of acting may have a certain result, but in order for him to act to achieve that result, he must first find it pleasing.

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And if you Believe in me Do Not think My Love is Not Real

To the hands I cannot see, for the love of America, judge me tenderly. Through austerity and self-control, one can attain a realization of one’s eternal self. Inner mystical knowledge brings a union with the Divine. God and the Devils do not dwell in mythical Heaven or Hell, but in our daily actions. Mysticism was practiced in the second millennium B.C. or earlier, and it is considered a ritual religion, which is surrounded by the idea that knowledge gives one a quasi-magical power over aspects of reality and allows on to identify with things in a whole new way. Mysticism centers on the pacifying of the mind and of attaining interior insight, it is an awe-inspiring and fascinating mystery. It is a timeless experience, that involved an apprehension of the transcendent (of something, state, or person lying beyond the realm of things), that gives an individual serenity, and normally accrues upon a course of self-mastery and contemplation. One gains a kind of rapport with the World or panenhenic feeling. Various abnormal mental states, such as those induced by mescalin, lysergic acid, and alcohol are sometimes considered mystical, but they are far enough removed from mainstream mysticism for it to be reasonable to neglect them here.

Mystical consciousness is also said to be like a state beyond dreamless sleep, it goes beyond ordinary perceptions, mental images, and thoughts. It is thus not describable by the ordinary expressions for mental states. Also, such paranormal phenomena as levitation are sometimes ascribed to mystics, although they are usually regarded as a secondary significance. An infinity of eternal life or souls brings about an isolation of the soul from the material environment, and it is a final deliverance from suffering. Mysticism is supposed to allows one to develop a Heavenly eye, which enables him to view the entire World and attain supreme insight and supreme peace. The achievement of inner harmony and insight where your body is fresh; you are vigorous and fit, and things are so bright, so pure, it is the highest, the eternal place. The eternal place is, of course, Nirvana. It is totally opposite of the use of complex psychological categories in explaining human nature. The experience involves both the attainment of a marvelous serenity as knowledge and ignorance is dispelled. These terms served bring out the ineffability and undifferentiated nature of ultimate reality, which in turn correspond to the undifferentiated and void nature of the contemplative experience itself.

Of course, the adoration and love of God, leads to a different valuation of mysticism. One need not be blind to the World if they are performed in a spirit of self-surrender to God; they way of works should be seen in the light of the way of devotion. Mystical experience is the duality of the soul and God implicit with the worshiper having a strong sense of the majesty and glory of God. Their virtues are wisdom and knowledge, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendence. Different strengths contribute to each virtue. The virtue of humanity and mysticism include the strengths bravery, persistence, integrity, and vitality. Doing the right the at greater risk or cost to oneself strikes us as more heroic than doing good in a way that benefits oneself. People will accomplish greater things because of their feelings toward others and will succeed each time through hope, faith, loyalty, and compassion. Empathy plays an important role in altruistic behavior. Some believe mysticism is part of the essence of life and through one’s intellect, one has an affinity with God; and though the contemplative life, one can in principle attain a state where one can see God’s essence, and will give people ever fresh chances of living the pure life and would provide the punishment for those who transgressed.

Adam was a Universal being who before the Fall embraced the Universe, then in an ideal state. With his fall, the material World was created, and the light of his divine nature was fragmented into the sparks that illuminate the myriads of livings soul. In the final consummation, all will be reunited. Asceticism is concerned with the devotion in all one’s acts—were the means of purifying the soul. Social conditions may have helped the growth of such doctrines, for the emphasis on meekness, love, and a quiet interior life were well adapted to the unhappy outer circumstances of the people, and mysticism hope gave the contemplative a cosmic role. Through righteous acts the favor of God is channeled. That I always did love, I bring thee proof: that till I loved I did not love enough. That I shall love always, I offer thee that love is life, and life hath immortality. This, dost thou doubt, sweet? Then have I nothing to show but calvary. He fumbles at your spirit as players at the keys before they drop full music on; he stuns you by degrees, prepares your brittle substance for the ethereal blow, by fainter hammers, further heard, then nearer, then so slow.

Your breath has time to straighten, your brain to bubble cool—deals one imperial thunderbolt that scalps your naked soul. Mysticism became the pattern after which eternal life was conceived. Humans are considered the connecting link between the visible and invisible Worlds. One was created perfect but through the Fall lost his immortal, incorruptible, and passionless nature. A certain cope for free will remained, however. This image of God, although defaces, was not entirely lost. The restoration of man to the true end for which he was made—the contemplation of God—was effected through Christ’s incretion. Mysticism takes place through the illumination of the soul; its divinization, through the Divine Light. O Lord Jesus, Son of God, have mercy on me, a sinner. In a mysterious manner, the very repetition of the sacred name of Jesus was supposed to contain Divine power. The soul and God remain distinct in substance, although they are joined by the glue of love. Through man’s love flowing up to God and through the downward movement of God’s grace, the two become united. This mysticism is combined with intense powers and one can gain continuing union with God through love. This love is nourished by concentrating upon God, to the exclusion of mutable things.

The Winchester Mystery House

The Winchester Mystery House appears to be a bright Queen Anne Victorian Mansion from the Old World filled with sunshine and love, but there are many frightening tales that have taken place in this beautiful home of Mrs. Winchester. Hidden inside is an evil which lies hidden from the World. https://winchestermysteryhouse.com/
Nature, Man, God and Negative Capability

Very few beings really seek knowledge in this World. Mortal or immortal, few really ask. None of us really changes over time, we only become more fully what we are. The prince is never going to come, everyone knows that, and maybe sleeping beauty is dead. We know that the brain is not immortal, and that the organized energy of a living body, becomes incorporeal when it is disembodied. The difficulty is to attach enough sense to the expression so that some discovery about disembodied people could provide us with grounds for believing we survive death. In their present senses persons words have logical liaisons of the very great human importance. Personal identity in the present sense is the necessary condition of both accountability and expectation. This is only to report that it is unjust to reward or punish someone for something unless, as a minimum condition, one is the same person who did the deed and that it is absurd to expect things to happen to me in 1984, as a minimum condition, there is going to be a person in existence in 1984 who will be the same person as I am. The difficulty is to change the use of persons words so radically that it becomes significant to talk of people’s surviving dissolution without changing it in such a way that these crucial logical liaisons must be broke. If this difficulty cannot be overcome—and there seems to be little reason to think that it can—then the apocalyptic words that our life is endless as the visual field is without limit. Death is not an event in life. Death is not lived through. However, the soul carries with it experiences and knowledge. His memory stretches to a time before he knew humans, perhaps, two thousand years ago. He was born on an island of perpetual warmth, a kind of Garden of Eden where life went on in innocence and crimes were rare. There was a great cataclysm, and they came to Britain and broke up into their individual families. They adapted their initial cultural practices to the changed circumstances of four seasons. Their disdain for, and indifference (not cruel) treatment of, human is also noticeable. It is mostly due to the social and cultural differences. One of the questions that Christian theologians have repeatedly discusses is whether there is both general and special revelation.

Are nature and history as a whole—including the whole religious history of mankind—revelatory of God, as well as the special occasions of the Bible Heilsgeschichte? Many theologians of all communions today hold that God is indeed Universally active and that his activity always discloses something of his nature, even though his fullest personal self-revelation has occurred only in the person of Christ. It touches on the meaning of human power and its corrupting influence and their contact with humans. “They stole our women and raped them until they died of the bleeding. They stole our men and sought to enslave them, and laughed at them and ridiculed them, and in some instances drove them mad. Often we fought them off. We were not by nature as brutal, by any means, but we could defend ourselves, and great circles were concened to discuss their metal weapons and how we might make our own. Indeed, we imprisoned a number of human beings, invaders all, to try to pry the knowledge from them. And the men have deep, inveterate hatred of our softness. They called us ‘the fools of the circle’ or ‘the simple people of the stones.’” The locus of revelation is not propositions but events, and its content is not a body of truths about God but “the living God” revealing himself and history with humans. The nonpropositional view thus centers upon what has come in recent theology to be known as Heilsgeschichte (“salvation history”) identified as the medium of revelation. It Is not supposed that God has marked his presence by performing a series of miracles, if “miracle” is taken to mean an event that compels a religious response by eluding all natural explanations. It is not characteristic of those theologians who think of revelation in nonpropositional terms to regard the Bible miracles as constituting theistic proofs. Rather, the Heilsgeschichte is the way in which a certain segment of human history—beginning with the origins of the national life of Israel and ending with the birth of the Christian community as a response to Christ—was experienced by men of faith and became understood and remembered as the story of God’s gracious dealings with his people.

What Christianity (and, confining itself to the Old Testament, Judaism) refer to as the story of salvation is a particular stream of history that was interpreted by prophets and apostles in the light of a profound and consistent ethical monotheism. They saw God at work around them in events that accordingly possessed revelatory significance. God continues his story and describes the slaughter of his people while they were celebrating a great religious festival. On their flight to escape the human, they find it necessary to resort to laughter to rescue their fellow angles or to protect themselves. However, he draws the parallel with other tribes throughout history who underestimate the blood lust of their conquerors and so list out to them in many other ways they were their superiors. The role of Christianity as a corrupting influence becomes publicly observable in the series of events forming its basis belonging to the secular World of history and is capable of a variety of political, economic, psychological, and other analyses besides that of a theistic faith. Humans have a blood lust. Humans sacrifice and blood lust are the root of human religion. Even as many of you are attracted to the teaching of the gentle Christ, these teachings stressing Christ’s gentleness lose their meaning, as they become the basis for even greater slaughter and lust for money. The virtual annihilation of the angels results from their division into Christian and pagan groups. Adam is forced to watch as his own wife Eve is forced to abandon the antiquated ways. Revelation refers to the completed communication that occurs when God’s approach has met with a human response. Good negotiators appreciate the role of ambivalence and can resist drawing conclusions from contradictory information. People saw more patterns in obscure pictures, even where to patterns existed, and expressed their beliefs more fervently. Christ is the divine Son incarnate in a human life, seeking to draw humans into a new life in relation to God. “Gentle beings, out of time, out of place, and maybe out of luck. And of such tragic import to his fledgling and her human kindred.

I, having spent two centuries in the Blood, should possess a wisdom and restraint that makes such a request unnecessary, but alas, within my heart I feed a human flame that it may never completely go out, and it is the heat of this flame which distracts me now and renders me so powerless in your presence.” Recall in the Bible that angels were mating with humans and also eating them and that God flooded the World to destroy him because he saw his Earthly creation, human, which he had cherished and loved so much had a blood lust and provoked the angels to attack and feed on them, which is probably why Lucifer was so jealous and upset that God loved these worthless, lustful, evil beings so much. There is certainly an event and appreciation; and in the coincidence of these revelations consists of. However, the discernment are interpretations in which men are convinced that they are conscious of God at work in and through certain events of both their personal experiences and World history. Is there an image of God (imago dei) in man that constitutes an innate capacity to respond to divine revelations or whether, on the contrary, human nature is so totally corrupted by the Fall that in revealing himself to men God has created them in a special capacity for response? Certainly, it is clear that humans have exploited angles. A mere listing of their atrocities is sufficient to make the point. At one time or other ritual slaughter, rape, infanticide, various tortures, and other physical violations. In addition, there are the usual psychological abuses; perpetuation of stereotypes, denigration of their physical and cultural traits, attribution of brutal traits, and various means for devaluing their lives. At once, it struck me, what quality went to form a Man of Achievement especially in Literature and which Shakespeare possessed so enormously—I mean Negative Capability, that is when a man is capable of being in uncertainties, Mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason.

The Winchester Mystery House

Come explore the weird phenomena, ghostly legends, and ghoulish folklore of the Winchester Mystery House. Hear tales of vengeful ghosts, malevolent, red-eyed orbs, and statues that come to life. https://winchestermysteryhouse.com/