He wants to be a saint, he wants to save souls by the billions, and do good everywhere. The man should have a life-sized marble statue of himself, six feet tall, with arctic blue eyes, in a black suit, looking down with gently parted hands on the faithful, who pray, as they touch his feet. Behind the facade of his rather chill reserve, Ryan Phillippe worries about the manifest failure of many people to understand his movies and research; however, if he does so, his concerns remain hidden. Even the most moderate assaults by the critics—especially several American critics who derided him with a kind of malicious glee—did not break his spirit, but appeared only to strengthen him. The dominant impressions he wishes to get on with his work in his own way, and that nothing will stop him. The critical thinking characteristic of academia is especially useful in evaluating the mass media, because of their profound impact on virtually every aspect of social life. By mass media, we mean forms of communication that transmit standardized messages to widespread audiences, including newspapers, magazines, books, radio, televisions, television news, and motion pictures.  These are known as “Old media,” and combined with the new technomedia they constitute one of the most powerful social influences in the World. #RyanPhillippe 1 of 5

No other group phenomena is better qualified to demonstrate the thesis that lack of attention does not in itself suffice to explain faulty acts as the forgetting of intentions. An intention is an impulse for an action which has already found approbation, but whose execution is postponed for a suitable occasion. Now, in this interval thus created, sufficient change may take place in the motive to prevent intention from coming to execution. It is not, however, forgotten, it is simply revised and omitted. We naturally are not in the habit of explaining the forgetting of intentions which we daily experience in every possible situation as being due to a recent change in the adjustment of motives. We generally leave it unexplained, or we seek a psychological explanation in the assumption that at the time of execution, the required attention for the action, which was an indispensable condition for the occurrence of the intention, and was then at the same disposal of the same action, no longer exists. Observation of our normal behavior towards intentions urges us to reject this tentative explanation as arbitrary. #RyanPhillippe 2 of 5

If I resolve in the morning to carry out a certain intention in the evening, I may be reminded of several times in the course of the day, but it is not at all necessary that it should become conscious throughout the day. As the time for its execution approaches, it suddenly occurs to me and induces me to make the necessary preparation for the intended action. If I go walking and take a letter with me to be posted, it is not at all necessary that I, as a normal, not nervous individual, should carry it in my hand and continually look for a letter-box. As a matter of fact, I am accustomed to put it in my pocket and give my thoughts free rein on my way, feeling confident that the first letter-box will attract my attention and cause me to put my hand in my pocket and draw out the letter. This normal behavior in a formed intention corresponds perfectly with the experimentally produced conduct of persons who are under so-called post-hypnotic suggestion to perform something after a certain time. We are accustomed to describe the phenomenon in the following manner: the suggested intention slumbers in the person concerned until the time for its execution approaches. Then it awakes and excites the action. #RyanPhillippe 3 of 5

Analyzing assumptions and challenging person experiences can be quite unsettling. Those who enjoy the search for elusive answers to the riddles of life understand that the media not only reflect our society, but also play an important role in shaping and defining it. Now, more than ever, we require the critical thinking skills to analyze the lies, distortions, and calculated fantasies that have become part of the normal content of mass communication. Studies reveal that children spend as many as 40 hours per week viewing television. Adults are also ardent television viewers; it is estimated that they spend between 25 to 33 percent of their lives in from of a television set, and it is estimated that combined television viewing time of all people in the World is an astounding 3.5 billion hours, not annually, but each day. The urge to manipulate people must be strong, since may businesses have tried subliminal advertising over the years. However, do subliminal messages and sales pitches actually work? Let us see. In a famous early attempt at subliminal advertising, a New Jersey theater flashed the words: Eat popcorn and Drink Coca-Cola on the screen. #RyanPhillippe 4 of 5

The words Eat popcorn and Drink Coca-Cola appeared for 1/3000 seconds every 5 seconds during movies. At that speed, they were below the normal threshold for awareness. During the six weeks the messages ran, the firm claimed an increase of 57.8 percent popcorn sales and an 18.1 percent increase in Coca-Cola sales. Thus was demonstrated the awesome power of subliminal advertising to coerce unwary buyers into making purchases that would not have otherwise considered. However, some dispute those claims, you know that advertising and subliminal messages do work and this is why corporations spent $540 billion globally on advertising in 2015.  Moreover, when people have to experience an event or product for themselves, they usually rely on advertisements and media reports as their first draft of reality. Take Pokemon Go, for instance, within seven days of launching the program, it has more than 7.2 million downloads and was being reported on every news station. Prior to news reports and launch of the application, many have never heard of Pokemon, and now Nintendo’s made billions on the Pokemon craze. Therefore, advertising and television may in fact be the most powerful social force in the World. (www.thedeedle.com) #RyanPhillippe 5 of 5

It is a community of purpose that constitutes society; without that, men may be drawn into contiguity, but they still continue virtually isolated. Imagine a World where everybody is exactly the same: everyone look alike, acts a like, talks a like, and thinks alike. What a simple and uninteresting World it would be. While it may sometimes be comforting to be around people with similar backgrounds and interest, the World is far more complex than that. We live in a World where variety is indeed responsible for new and exciting experiences, which make life more interesting. Globalization has transferred the World of separate nation-states with unique histories, cultures, and social experiences into a massive global village. The Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan led a Spanish expedition in the sixteenth century that was the first to circumnavigate the globe, and the treacherous journey took approximately three years. Today, ships can make the same journey in less than a week and airplanes in less than 24 hours; communication satellites orbit the Earth in less than two hours and send electronic signals around the World. #RyanPhillippe 1 of 5

Good heads and good hearts generally go together, but they are not inseparable companions. There is no light without its shade, and no good without its inconvenience.  Politics and war illustrate some of the potentially devastating aspects of globalization when countries and governments around the globe develop conflicts. Global awareness also helps us to question cultural misconceptions and media stereotypes about people who live in countries with cultures very different from our own. We understand that there is something more—something we can embrace than the commonplace, the everyday life. Like little souls will find another out, and mingle, as well as like great ones. Our enthusiasm about the World becomes infectious, and we delight in seeing friends, colleagues, and students from other parts of the World and learning about their cultures, traditional, knowledge, and rituals. The humblest painter of real life, if he could have his desire, would select a picturesque background for his figures; but events have an inexorable fashion of choosing their own landscape. #RyanPhillippe 2 of 5

We have to look at ourselves and the World in which we live a bit differently. We must realize that complex social issues cannot viewed in stark contrast, but require that we understand and consider other points of view that may be dramatically different from our own. Unfortunately, much of our understanding of the social World come from the mass media, especially television, and there are where some of the most powerful and damaging stereotypes that people learn about race, ethnicity, sex, gender, and age come from and that is the way some people want them to be. However, if we look beyond the commonly accepted understandings of human social action to discover different levels of meaning that may be hidden from the consciousness of everyday life, we find things are not necessarily what they seem. We have to look beyond commonsense assumptions, media portrayals, and official data to assess critically how such information is reported, collected, and interpreted. When people study these roles systematically and scientifically, we find that thinking requires looking beneath the surface and that sometimes our preconceived notions are totally inaccurate and what passes as common sense is nothing more than common nonsense. #RyanPhillippe 3 of 5

Because media portrayals of gender roles can be as influential on a person’s own gender identity formation as people in their lives, the availability of adequate role models of both genders is essential. Men often appear in popular culture as adventure-seeking, pursuing or attaining high-powered careers, such as becoming doctors, lawyers, and engineers, while women assume domestic roles, caregiving positions, and lower status jobs. This potentially sends messages to both men and women that women are not valuable, that they are weak, and that men are more likely to achieve higher academic and professional status then women. Such messages may, in turn, create self-fulfilling prophecies. A self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction (often an incorrect one) that causes people to act in ways that would make that prediction come true. When researchers convince schoolteachers to expect random students to perform well in school, the teachers treat those students in ways that actually lead to better academic performance. In contrast, children perform more poorly when working with teachers and others adults who have been led to expect the worst of them. #RyanPhillippe 4 of 5

Some people’s belief that men are smarter than women results in girls underestimating their academic abilities whereas boys are more likely to overestimate their abilities—an effect that seems to start in middle school and increase with age. Anxiety and depression apparently make both boys and girls perceive their academic ability less accurately.  Once children learn specific gender rules (stereotypical or not), they become more likely to apply them in their own lives. Many girls who initially find science compelling may therefore lose interest in that subject in middle school, around the same time that they start paying greater attention to their appearance and romantic relationships. This is consistent with the cultural message they receiver that boys are good at science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), while girls are not. Parents might reinforce that notion. Parents have been found to be three times more likely to explain a scientific concept to a boy than to a girl. The other side of that message is that girls are supposed to be submissive to men—both obedient and sexually submissive. A social movement with the central goal of gender equality is what many are seeking. #RyanPhillippe 5 of 5

Have you ever had anybody approach you to talk and you felt the uncontrollable urge to take a step backward to put more distance between you and them? Or, have you ever reached out to touch someone during a conversation and they seemed very uncomfortable and withdrew? These are common occurrences, especially when people from different cultures interact with one another, or when people of different ages, genders, races, or social classes interact. Each of us surrounds ourselves with an invisible bubble that constitutes what we consider our personal space, an area around our body that we reserve for ourselves, intimate acquaintances, and close friends. On occasion, we must allow others to invade this personal space, for example, when a doctor examines us, or perhaps when we are standing on line, or in a crowded elevator. These situations often make us uneasy, however, and many call for defensive strategies such as folding our arms across our chest, placing an obstacle (an umbrella, a briefcase, or a backpack) between us and the other person, or at the very least, avoiding eye contact and very communication. #RyanPhillippe 1 of 5

When your personal space is respected, one becomes less anxious and emotionally reactive and less aggressive or withdrawn; they get along better and their school or work performance improves; their attention deficit, hyperactivity, and oppositional defiant problems decrease; and they even sleep better at night. Terrible things still happen to them and around the, but they are now able to talk about these events; they have built up the trust and resources to seek they help they require. Interventions are successful if they draw on our natural wellsprings of cooperation and on our inborn responses to safety, reciprocity, and imagination. In addition to defining a situation, we must decide who we have encountered before we activate what we believe to be the appropriate self. Social perception is a process by which we from impressions of others and ourselves. In everyday life, we both give off and receiver cues bout the kinds of persons we are. We do this in almost every situation: when we enter a class, during a stroll across the office, while shopping at the mall, or when we are trying to flag down a taxi. #RyanPhillippe 2 of 5

How we perceive others and how we are perceived by them depend on such symbolic elements as physical appearance, clothing, gestures, tone of voice, facial expressions, posture, and other elements that reveal our various statuses, attitudes, and expectations. Trauma constantly confronts u with our fragility and with man’s inhumanity to man, but also with our extraordinary resilience. Many people see their symptoms as part of their strength—the ways they learned to survive. And despite all the suffering many have gone on to become loving people, exemplary teachers, have great careers, an experience joy in life. Trauma is not our most urgent public health issue, and we have the knowledge necessary to respond effectively. The choice is ours to act on what we know. Social perception depends in part on our impressions of other people’s personal characteristics, such as whether they are attractive, good, bad, strong or weak. At the beginning of an encounter, people appear to devote considerable energy to discovering with whom they are dealing. Once people feel they have enough information, their attention to this assessment wanes, and early impressions continue to dominate their thinking and behavior. #RyanPhillippe 3 of 5

Our initial impressions of others also depend on our perceptions of people’s social identities. When we encounter others, we mentally make a checklist of their various statuses, such as gender, age, and race, as well as search for clues to their less obvious identities. We scan clothing, hair style, body posture, and hand and eye behaviors for clues to occupational identity, social class, group membership, and other social statuses. Since we cannot know everything about everyone we meet, we get to know them with less than the appropriate amount of care by fitting them into ready-made categories, known as stereotypes. In everyday life, we use a variety of stereotypes, which are static and oversimplified ideas about a group or social category, that strongly influences our expectations and behaviors. Where do these generalized perceptions and stereotypes of other groups and individuals come from? Many are formed spontaneously as we interact in specific social situations. Yet that experience alone cannot account for some of the powerful perceptions and stereotypes that many people hold toward certain groups and categories of people—some of whom they have never actually encountered personally. #RyanPhillippe 4 of 5

Many of these assumptions about other people, we have been taught or learned through the process of socialization, and that helps to shape and influence our social acts. In American society, there are stereotypes of women, men, jocks, the elderly, racial and ethnic members of the population, college students, and countless other groups and social categories. Cynical people can debate and say that there is no true altruism because every benevolent act involves potential benefit towards oneself, even if that benefit is merely feeling good about helping others. Helping seems to go with the natural need to inter act with others. Empathy is a deep emotional concern whose absence can indicate psychopathy (a person suffering from chronic mental disorder with abnormal or violence social behavior). Empathy involves feeling sympathy, compassion, or even distress in line with the way others feel. It entails knowing and understanding how others feel, whether that means taking the perspective of real people or identifying with functional character. Feeling and knowing pave the way for the actions we call altruistic. Good people endeavor to do good things. (www.thedeedle.com) #RyanPhillippe 5 of 5

Americans want to succeed, not just survive. Americans have progressed beyond mere survival and are now concerned with loftier goals of prosperity and success. All of us fulfill many social roles, and a large part of our lives is spent developing a social network, which includes the total web of an individual’s relationship and group memberships. Social networks include our families, friends, and neighbors, as well as all others people and groups with whom we have ongoing relationships. People often create and maintain social networks for functional reasons, such as advancing their careers, for social support, and to promote a host of other interest and requirements. Social networks do not have clear boundaries, and their members may or may not interact on a regular basis. Moreover, people in social networks do not always have a sense that they belong together, nor do they necessarily have common aims and goals, as do members of a group. Nevertheless, social networks are a vital part of social structure and are extremely important in our everyday lives. Every person’s social network is unique. #RyanPhillippe 1 of 5

Teachers and leaders learn that an activity as simple as trying to keep a beach ball in the air as long as possible helps groups become more focused, cohesive, and fun. These are inexpensive interventions. For older children, some schools have installed workstations costing less than two hundred dollars where students can play computer games to help them focus and to improve their heart rate variability (HRV). Children and adults alike need to experience how rewarding it is to work at the edge of their abilities. Resilience is the product of agency: knowing that what you do can make a difference. Many of us remember what playing team sports, singing in the school choir, or playing in the marching band meant to us, especially if we had coaches or directors who believed in us, pushed us to excel, and taught us we could be better than we thought was possible. The children we reach need this experience. #RyanPhillippe 2 of 5

Athletics, playing music, dancing, and theatrical performances all promote agency and community. They also engage kids in novel challenges and unaccustomed roles like teaching an orchestral musical program in high-crime areas to keep children engaged in an indoor community activity that will keep them safe. Last year, I spent three weeks helping two boys prepare a scene from the play Julius Caesar. An effeminate, shy boy was playing Brutus and had to summon up his masculine energy to quail Cassius, played by the class bully, who had to be coached to act as a corrupt general begging for mercy. The scene really came to life only after the real life tormenter talked about his father’s violence and his own vow never to show weakness to anyone. (Most tyrants have themselves been terrorized, and they despise kids who remind them of their own vulnerability.) Brutus’s powerful voice, on the other hand, emerged after he realized that he had made himself invisible to deal with his own family violence. #RyanPhillippe 3 of 5

It may be tempting to debate the social roles, groups, institutions, and other social forces have such powerful influence on human behavior that we as individuals have virtually no choice but to do what society demands. Yet, it is abundantly clears that while people often conform to social expectations, in everyday social interaction, we also interpret the rules to suit ourselves, create, and manipulate meaningful symbols, present ourselves to others in a variety of ways, and are constantly interpreting and redefining the meaning of our actions. These processes are what guide and provide meaning to the social interaction in our everyday lives. These intense communal efforts force kids to collaborate, compromise, and stay focused on the task at hand. Tensions often run high, but the kids stick with it because they want to earn the respect of their coaches or directors and do not want to let down the team—all feelings that are opposite to the vulnerability of being subjected to arbitrary abuse, the invisibility of neglect, and the godforsaken isolation of trauma. #RyanPhillippe 4 of 5

Imagine that you are casually strolling across campus absorbed in thought. What happens when out of the corner of your eye, you notice that someone lounging on a bench is looking at you? Does your behavior change in anyway? Unless you are totally engrossed in thought the answer is probably yes. There is a basic change as you and the other person acknowledge and respond to each other’s presence. This is but one of countless forms of social interaction—the mutual influence of two of more people on each other’s behavior—that profoundly affects out lives. Social interaction is the building block of the entire social structure.  The right reminders at decision points will lower our requirement for closure. We can build an awareness of what we do not know about the future into our approach to the World by crafting methods to react quickly to change rather than trying to predict it. Ambiguity does not have to be paralyzing or distasteful. Under the right conditions, embracing uncertainty can in fact provide opportunities to innovate. It can inspire creative solutions, and might even help make us better people. #RyanPhillippe 5 of 5

Our goal is all these efforts is to translate brain science into everyday practice. For example, calming down enough to take charge of ourselves requires activating the brain areas that notice our inner charge of ourselves observing the watch tower in our minds. Safe areas can help people calm down by providing stimulating sensory awareness: the textures of velvet can make a person feel comfortable and safe. Soft music can help someone relax. When an individual is ready to conform and behave like a rational being again, he is encouraged to tell someone what is going on before he rejoins the group. Our need not offer any objection to the acceptance of defensive tendency on the ground that we frequently find it impossible to rid ourselves of painful memories which cling to us, or to banish such painful emotions as remorse and reproaches of conscience. No one maintains that this defensive tendency invariably gains the upper hand, that in the play of psychic forces, it may not strike against factors which stir up the contrary feelings for purposes and bring it about in spite of. #RyanPhillippe 1 of 7

As the architectural principle of the psychic apparatus, we may conjecture a certain stratification or structure of instances deposited in strata. And it is quite possible that this defensive tendency belongs to a lower psychic instance, and it inhibited by higher instances. At all events, it speaks for the existence and force of this defensive tendency, when we can trace it to processes such as those found in our examples of forgetting. We see then that something is forgotten for its own sake, and where this is not possible, the defensive tendency misses the target and causes something else to be forgotten—something less significant, but which has fallen into associative connection with the disagreeable material. The views here developed, namely, that painful memories merge into motivated forgetting with special ease, merits application in many spheres where as yet, it has found no, or scarcely any, recognition. Thus it seems to me that it has not yet been strongly enough emphasized in the estimation of testimony taken in court, where the putting of a witness under oath obviously leads us to place too great a trust on the purifying influence of his physic play of forces.   #RyanPhillippe 2 of 7

When formal norms are violated, however, information social control may be supplemented and reinforced by formal controls. We discussed earlier how crime differs from other forms of deviance. The violation of formally codified laws usually elicits a deferential response than the violation of informal folkways and mores. We have a highly complex criminal justice system, we and it was designed to control particular types of deviance. In the United States of America, we classify crime into three major categories: violent crimes, property offenses, and public order crimes. Violent crimes are considered the most threatening because they involve offenses against persons. They include homicide (the willful taking of a person’s life), aggravated assault (an attack with the intent to inflict severe bodily harm), and forcible rape (sexual intercourse against the victim’s will), and robbery (stealing from a person by the use of threat or force). The media portray the United States of America as a violent, crime-ridden society, and most people shudder at the daily reports of rape, murder, and mayhem on American streets.  #RyanPhillippe 3 of 7

In fact, on 26 July 2016 a six-year-old girl was shot, in Sacramento, California, but thankfully only received non-life threatening injuries, while she was riding in the car with her mother around 7.30pm. The suspect fired several shots at the car while the mother and daughter were driving in the area of Fruitridge Road and Lawrence drive, when an unknown suspect fired off several rounds, hitting the girl in the arm. The United States of America is, with a $19.4 trillion deficit, is in fact, the most violent industrial/postindustrial nation in the World and one of the easiest nations in which to acquire a gun. It is nonetheless interesting that while media coverage and public awareness of violent crimes, actually increased rather dramatically from 2000, when there was a lower national deficit of $5.6 trillion. Unfortunately, crime is a normal part of all societies, and as the national debt grows, so do crime rates. The numbers of murders, rapes, assaults, and robberies are up 1.7 percent from 2015. #RyanPhillippe 4 of 7

Police officers are the most highly visible and most direct link between the criminal justice system and the public. They take primary responsibility for the enforcement of laws. Basically, the police have two important roles: to catch criminals and to maintain order with the hope of preventing crime. However, self-regulation is also important and can be taught to many people who cycle between frantic activity and immobility. In addition to reading, writing, and arithmetic, all people need to learn self-awareness, self-regulation, and communication as part of their core curriculum. Just as we teach history and geography, we need to teach people who their brains and bodies work. For adults and children alike, being in control of ourselves requires becoming familiar with our inner World and accurately identifying what scares, upsets, or delights us. Emotional intelligence starts with labeling your own feelings and attuning to the emotions of the people around you. We begin very simply: with mirrors. Looking into a mirror helps kids to be aware of what they look like when they are sad, angry, bored, or disappointed. #RyanPhillippe 5 of 7

Once a person knows what they look like during the various emotional states they are experiencing, then we ask them, “How do you feel when you see a face like that?” We teach them how their brains are built, what emotions are fore, and where they are registered in their bodies, and how they can communicate their feelings to the people around them. They learn that their facial muscles give clues about what they are feeling and then experiment with how their facial expressions affect other people. We also strengthen the brain’s watchtower by teaching them to recognize and name their physical sensation. For example, when their chest tightens, that probably means that they are nervous; their breathing becomes shallow and they feel uptight. What does anger feel like, and what can they do to change that sensation in their body? What happens if they take a deep breath or take time out to jump rope or hit a punching bag? We try to provide children, teachers, and other care providers with a treasure chest of ways to take charge of their emotional reactions. #RyanPhillippe 6 of 7

Almost exactly as in the forgetting of names, faulty recollections can also appear in the forgetting of impressions, and when finding credence, they may be designated as delusions of memory. The memory disturbance in pathological cases (in paranoia, it actually plays the role of a constituting factor in the formation of delusions) has brought to light an extensive literature in which there is no reference whatever to its being motivated. As this theme also belongs to the psychology of the neuroses, it goes beyond our present treatment. Predicting future attitudes toward deviance, crime, and social control is risky. However, it is almost certain that the mass media and technomedia will play an even greater role in shaping public perceptions of deviance and conformity as well as providing new methods both for committing deviance and controlling it. With regard to crime and justice, as well as other social concerns, the critical issue is officially the media role in the social construction of reality. The media, especially TV news, is likely to continue to construct a social image of rampant crime and random violence because of their rhetorical appeal to the public and their potential value to politicians. #RyanPhillippe 7 of 7

It may take many months for a child to know when it is safe to speak the truth (because it will never be universally safe), but for children, as for adults, identifying the truth of an experience is essential to healing from trauma. We make certain that the children are greeted by name every morning and that teachers make face-to-face contact with each and every one of them. Just as in our workshops, group work, and theater programs, we always start the day with check-in’s: taking the time to share what is on everybody’s mind. The first thing I noticed was that none of my journalistic colleagues has bothered to show up. The beatification brought hundreds of reporters to Sacramento, but they were apparently busy doing other things. I had expected the Legion to keep a low profile for this event, given the additional documentation has had surfaced revealing that the media had known about the accusation against the reporters and their “slanderous accusations” and drug addiction for over a decade. More than anything else, being able to feel safe with other people defines mental health; safe connections are fundamental to meaningful and satisfying lives. #RyanPhillippe 1 of 5

The critical challenge, in a classroom setting, is to foster reciprocity; truly hearing and being heard; really seeing and being seen by other people. We try to teach everyone in a school community—office staff, principals, bus drivers, teachers, reporters, and cafeteria workers—to recognize and understand the effects of trauma on children and to focus on the importance of fostering safety, predictability, and being known and seen. Many of the children we work with have never been able to communicate successfully with language, as they are accustomed to adults who yell, command, sulk, or put earphones in their ears. One of the first steps is to help their teachers model new ways of talking about feelings, stating expectations, and asking for help. Instead of yelling, “Stop!” when a child is throwing a tantrum or making him sit alone in the corner, teachers are encouraged to notice and name the child’s experience, as in, “I can see how upset you are”; to give him choices, as in “Would you like to go to the safe spot or sit outside?”; and to help him find words to describe his feeling and begin to find his voice, as in: “After class, what will happen when you get back to the house, and your parents find out you were disobedient?”  #RyanPhillippe 2 of 5

When voluntary social control is insufficient and folkways or mores are violated, informal social control measures may be implemented. Gossip, for instance, is a very effective means of penalizing behavior. In small towns or groups where everybody knows everybody else, gossip may be a powerful deterrent to straying from the straight and narrow. Ridicule, or shame, is another common and effective method of informal social control. Few people enjoy being the joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike, but have different meanings, also known as “pun.” For instance, you can make your own antifreeze by stealing her blanket, is a pun guaranteed to get some groans. People think they are sly and no one understands this smuggler langue, but we get it. The innuendos are not witty, nor amusing. American teenagers seem particularly adept at this form of informal control over their peers. Research indicates that shame, especially in the form of informal but pervasive social control by others, is linked to conformity. #RyanPhillippe 3 of 5

Perhaps one of the most effective methods of informal social control is ostracism—excluding someone from social acceptance or group memberships. It is standard practice in many schools to punish children or adults for tantrums, spacing out, or aggressive outbursts—all of which are often symptoms of traumatic stress. When that happens, the school, instead of offering a safe haven, becomes yet another traumatic trigger. Angry confrontations and punishment can at best temporarily halt unacceptable behaviors, but since the underlying alarm system and stress hormones are not laid to rest, they are certain to erupt again at the next provocation.  Shunning is the most powerful negative sanction against people who seriously deviate from the moral, social codes of faith, and lawful behavior. The shunned individual is not allowed to take meals with others, is neither spoken to, nor acknowledged, and cannot participate in any community activities.  #RyanPhillippe 4 of 5

Acknowledge the person is upset and seems to have a problem; then calm that person down, and explore the cause and discuss possible solution. For example, when Carlos has melt downs, hitting his teacher, and throwing objects around, we encourage his teacher to set clear limits while gently talking to him: “Would you like to wrap that warm blanket around you to help you calm down?” (The kid is likely to cream, “No!” but then curl up under the blanket and settle down.) predictability and clarity of expectations are critical; consistency is essential. Children from chaotic backgrounds often have no idea how people can effectively work together, and inconsistency only promotes further confusion. Trauma-sensitive teachers soon realize that calling a parent about an obstreperous kid is likely to result in a beating and further traumatization. Also, primary interaction is essential to daily living, and shunning amounts to social death. Informal social control can be very powerful and is often all that is necessary to dissuade deviance and encourage conformity. #RyanPhillippe 5 of 5

It is like seeing a good poker hand unfold card by card. In the deep recesses of our being, we remember how much we loved each other, the perfect way we complemented one another. It is not surprising that we continue to search for the perfect love relationship. Why are we not together? We became separated from each other through our freewill choices. It is easier for your true love to go away than we realized. When we do encounter our true love on the path of life, there is a tremendous magnet of attraction, a mysterious sense of meeting someone we have always known and a deep love and communion with each other that almost defied description. However, at the same times, a relationship with your true love can be tumultuous because one may have negative propensities still lurking in the background, and this may cause one to descend to the depths of anger, jealousy, and other negative feelings. This can carry you mate through the turmoil of human emotions, but a strong bond between the two of you will lead you back to a place of harmony where you can find peace and joy. #RyanPhillippe 1 of 6

We know that we yearn to love and be loved, to find official union with another would. When you remember the pain of separating and the frustration of searching for another, you will not want to experience that again, and are more willing to work through issues that you may be having. Then you will understand that the two of you are determined to stay together. By learning compassion for one another and loving forbearance, we are choosing to fulfill the divine gift of the immortals. We get a helping hand from the one who loves us and knows us as well as we know ourselves. Sir Isaac Newton’s third law can be applied to life in so many ways. Each action creates a separate, but equal opposite reaction. Now pay close attention to this. If you send out love to others, someone differing of you will pick up on that vibration, and send it back to you. Also, for all the evil that is done in the World, there is an opposite reaction of love to balance it out because in heart and soul, we deeply desire to restore the lesson of compassion for all life. #RyanPhillippe 2 of 6

In the Summer of 2016, I once remarked to a friend with whom I was then actively engaged in exchanging ideas on scientific questions: “These neurotic problems can be solved only of we take the position of accepting an original freewill to love in every individual.” To which he replied: “I told you that two and a half years ago, while we were taking an evening walk in the park. At that time, you would not listen to it.” It is truly painful to be thus requested to renounce one’s originality. I could neither recall such a conversation nor my friend’s revelation. One of us must be mistaken; and according to the principle of the question cui prodest?, I must be the one. Indeed, in the course of the following weeks, everything came back to me just as my friend had recalled it. I myself remembered that at that time, I gave the answer: “I have not yet got so far, and I do not care to discuss it.” However, since this incident, I have grown more tolerant when I miss any mention of my name in medical literature in connection with ideas for which I deserve credit.  We may officially overcome any limitation because we have created it by our own actions and we have spiritual recourse as children of a loving Father-Mother God. #RyanPhillippe 3 of 6

The specifics of how karma relates to our relationships depend on how each one of us has exercised our free will. What you so, you shall reap. In this instance sowing and reaping are metaphors for Sir Isaac Newton’s third law of physics. Which again states every action has an equal, but separate reaction; cause and effect. The teaching is that whatever we cause set in motion through our actions, we will receive the effect in consequences in our life or in a future life. You may think of it as a cosmic boomerang—for good or for ill. In the common vernacular, what goes around, comes around. In other words, when we do ill, we sow negative seeds that bear the fruit of ill fortune—discord, pain, a sense of loss. In like manner, when we do good works and good deeds for others, we sow seed of good that will bear the honey treasure of good fortune—love, happiness, and a sense of fulfillment. Our karma is very individual and unique according to the actions we have taken over many lifetimes and this life. This is why people can have so much and be so bitter and angry. While others can have so little and be the shining star of the castle. Your body is the temple of God, and what is in your heart and mind is what matters. #RyanPhillippe 4 of 6

In our love relationships, we may have to walk through difficult vibes with someone we have injured in this life or in a past life. If we approach this relationship with understanding, inner strength and a lot of love, we may end up balancing our atmosphere with that person. At that point, love and harmony will have been restored. It is scarcely accidental that the numerous examples of forgetting which have been collected without any selection should require for their solution the introduction of such painful themes as exposing one’s spouse; a friendship that has turned into the opposite; a mistake in medical diagnosis; enmity on account of similar pursuits, or the borrowing of somebody’s ideas. I am rather inclined to believe that every person who will undertake an inquiry into the motives underlying his forgetting will be able to fill up a similar sample card of vexatious circumstances. The tendency to forget disagreeable seems to me to be quite general; the capacity for it is naturally differently developed in different persons. Certain denials which we encounter in medical practice can probably be ascribed to forgetting. #RyanPhillippe 5 of 6

Our conception of such forgetting confines the distinction between this and that behavior to purely psychological relations, and permits us to see in both forms of reaction the expression of the same motive. One also finds abundant indication which show that even in healthy, not neurotic persons, resistances are found against the memory of disagreeable impressions and the idea of painful thoughts. You have to recognize that a defensive striving against pain can lead to forgetting. However, none of us has been able to represent this phenomenon and its psychologic determination as exhaustively, and at the same time as effectively, “’I have done that,’ says my Memory. ‘I could not have done that,’ say my Pride, and remains inexorable. Finally, my Memory yields.” The full significance of this fact can be estimated only when we enter into the psychology of neurotic persons. One is forces to make such elementary defensive striving against ideas which can awaken painful feelings, a striving which can be put side by side only with the flight-reflex in painful stimuli, as the main pillar of the mechanism which carries the hysterical symptoms. (www.thedeedle.com) #RyanPhillippe 6 of 6

Every society creates ways to encourage conformity and deter deviance. Many teachers went into the profession of teach, and not to be social workers. However, many of them have already learned the way that they cannot teach because they have a classroom filled with students who are hostile, dishonest, thieves, will not sit still, and seem to suffer from schizophrenia and conduct disorder. Even the most committed teachers and school systems often come to feel frustrated and ineffective because so many of their kids are too traumatized or suffer from extreme mental disorders and cannot seem to learn. If teachers cannot effectively address the behavior problems of these students, focusing only on improving test scores will not make any difference. The good news is that the basic principles day-to-day routines and approaches that can transform the entire culture of a school.  Most teachers we work with are intrigued to earn that abused and neglected students are likely to interpret any deviation from routine as danger and that their extreme reactions usually are expression of traumatic stress. #RyanPhillippe 1 of 5

Students who defy the rules are unlikely to be brought to reason by verbal reprimands or even suspension—a practice that has become epidemic in American schools. Teachers’ perspectives begin to change when they realize that these kids’ disturbing behaviors started out as frustrated attempts to communicate distress and as misguided attempts to survive. The first barrier against deviance is called inner containment. Inner containment is the extent to which an individual internalized the norms, attitudes, values, and beliefs of his or her culture. For some, however, inner containment is not strong enough, so society provides a second layer of control in the form of outer containment, which consists of parents, teachers, police officers, and others who serve as agents of social control. The social environment is also important. In some social situations people with weak inner containment are subject to a vast array of external agents of social control. In many other outer containment is minimal, and if an individual’s inner containment is not sufficiently strong deviance is likely to occur #RyanPhillippe 2 of 5

Much deviant behavior can be explained by people’s ability to rationalize it and hence neutralize their inhibitions. From this perspective, individuals sometimes ignore conventional norms because they view them as flexible guidelines for behavior rather than as rigid rules or laws. Depending on the situation, the greater ability of an individual to rationalize (and therefore neutralize) norm violation, the more likely he or she is to engage in deviant behavior. People rationalize deviant acts by claiming they were caused by forces beyond their control. For example, have you ever explained to your professor that you were late for class or missed an exam because of a flat tire, a faulty alarm clock, or heavy traffic? If a person cannot deny responsibility for a deviant act, he or she may argue that no harm was done. Usually, the less serious the infraction, the greater the chance it will be neutralized, but this technique is also used to rationalize crimes such as vandalism and shoplifting. When somebody is hurt and harm cannot be denied the deviant may rationalize that their victim deserved to be hurt. Rapist, for example, often contend that their victims were “asking for it,” and social and legal processes may reinforce that idea. #RyanPhillippe 3 of 5

A common assertion by many deviants is that those who condemn them are even more worthy of condemnation. This argument is often used by reporters, who assert that police and judges are corrupt and that financial crimes and corporate criminals commit more serious offenses, but almost never serve hard time. Many forms of deviance can be rationalized as altruistic acts for the good of a particular group or for some higher cause. Terrorist, for example, rationalize their deviance as serving some higher cause and greater good. Social control is a way to encourage conformity and deter deviance. With social control, there are mechanism people use to enforce prevailing social norms. This process usually involves the imposition of beneficial sanctions to reward conformity (e.g., encouragement, awards, medals, certificates, diplomas) and negative sanctions to punish deviance (e.g., discouragement, ridicule, fines, imprisonment). In most societies, far more effort goes into negatively sanctioning deviance than in beneficially rewarding conformity and excellent behavior. #RyanPhillippe 4 of 5

Deterrence is the most important element of social control and social control is the most important aspect of sociological inquiry. Deterrence theory states that deviance will be effectively deterred if negative social sanctions (especially punishment) are perceived to be certain, swift, and severe. Deterrence theorist differentiate between specific deterrence, which are punishments that discourage the individual from committing similar acts in the future, and general deterrence, which discourages others from committing similar acts. One of the most effective methods of regulating human behavior is for people to internalize society’s values and norms voluntarily retrain themselves. For example, most of us have never committed murder, but that is probably due more to the fact that we believe it is morally wrong to take another person’s life than simply because it is illegal and we fear being caught and punished. Most people voluntarily conform most of the time. What psychologist refer to as conscience represents the sense of guilt we feel when we violate or even consider breaking social norms. The magnificence of men has become so intolerable now that one is driven to be humble in one’s self-defense. #RyanPhillippe 5 of 5