The most distinguished hallmark of the American society is and always has been—change. The value-life (spiritual, religious, philosophical, axiological, et cetera) is an aspect of human biology and in on the same continuum with the “lower” animal life (rather than being in separated, dichotomized, or mutually exclusive realms). It is probably therefore species-wide, supracultural even though it must be actualized by culture in order to exist. The spiritual life is part of the human essence. It is a defining characteristic of human nature, without which human nature is not fully human nature. It is part of the Real Self, of one’s identity, of one’s specieshood, of full-humanness. To the extent that pure spontaneity, is possible, to that extent will the metaneeds also be expressed. “Uncovering” or Taoistic or existential therapeutic or logotherapeutic, or “ontogogic” techniques, should never uncover and strengthen the metaneeds as well as the basic needs. Depth-diagnostic and therapeutic techniques should ultimately also uncover these same metaneeds because, paradoxically, our “highest nature” is also our “deepest nature.” The value life and the animal life are not in two separate realms as most religions and philosophies have assumed, and as classical, impersonal science has also assumed. #RandolphHarris 1 of 21

The spiritual life (the contemplative, religious, philosophical, or value-life) is within the jurisdiction of human thought and is attainable in principle by human’s own efforts. Even though it has been cast out of the realm of reality by the classical, value-free science which models itself upon physic, it can be reclaimed as an object of study and technology by humanistic science. Let me also make quite explicit the implication that metamotivation is species-wide, and is, therefore, supracultural, common-human, not created arbitrarily by culture. Since this is a point at which misunderstandings are fated to occur, let me say it so: the metaneeds seem to me to be instinctoid, that is, to have an appreciable hereditary, species-wide determination. However, they are potentialities, rather than actualities. Culture is definitely and absolutely needed for their actualization; but also culture can fail to actualize them, and indeed this is just what most known cultures actually seem to do and to have done throughout history. Therefore, there is implied here a superacultural factor which can criticize any culture from outside and above that culture, namely, in terms of the degree to which it fosters or suppresses self-actualization, full-humanness, and metamotivation. #RandolphHarris 2 of 21

The so-called spiritual (or transcendent, or axiological) life is clearly rooted in the biological nature of the species. It is a kind of “higher” animality whose precondition is a heathy “lower” animality, id est, they are hierarchically-integrated (rather than mutually exclusive). However, this higher, spiritual “animality” is so timid and weak, and so easily lost, is so easily crushed by stronger cultural forces, that is can become widely actualized only in a culture which approves of human nature, and therefore actively fosters its fullest growth. Fortunately, there are a number of recent studies of animals living in the wild which clearly show that the aggressiveness to be observed under conditions of captivity is not present when the same animals life in their natural habitat. Among the monkeys, baboons have the reputation of a certain violence, and they have been carefully studied. There is little aggressive behaviour; whatever aggressive behaviour there is, is essentially one of the gestures or threat postures. It is worthwhile to note, considering the previous discussion on crowding, it is reported that no fighting was observed between baboon troops that met at the waterhole. #RandolphHarris 3 of 21

More than four hundred baboons around were counted around a single waterhole at one time, and yet they did not observe any aggressive behaviour among them. It was also observed that the baboons were very unaggressive toward members of other animal species. The study of aggressive behaviour among chimpanzees, the primates that most resemble humans, is of particular interest. Until recent years almost nothing was known of their way of life in Equatorial Africa. However, three separate observations of chimpanzees in their natural habitat have by now been carried out and offer very interesting material with regard to aggressive behaviour. Exceedingly low incidence of aggression was reported among the chimpanzees of the Bodongo Forest. During 300 observation hours, 17 quarrels involving actual fighting or displays of threat or anger were seen and none of these lasted more than a few seconds. Only four of these seventeen quarrels involved two adult males. The threatening behaviour that was seen on 4 occasions was when a subordinate male tried to take food before a dominant one. Instances of attack were seldom observed and mature males were seen fighting only on one occasion. #RandolphHarris 4 of 21

On the other hand, there are a number of activities and gestures like grooming and courting behaviour, whose main function is apparently to establish and maintain good relations between the individual chimpanzees of the community. Their groups are largely temporary, and no stable relationships other than mother-infant could be found. A dominance hierarchy proper was not observed among these chimpanzees, alt though there were seventy-two clear-cut dominance interactions observed. There is an observation concerning the uncertainty of chimpanzees which is very important for the understanding of the evolution of human’s “second nature,” their character. All the chimpanzees observed were cautious, hesitant creatures. This is one of the major impressions one carries away from studying chimpanzees at close range in the wild. Behind their lively, searching eyes one senses a doubting, contemplative personality, always trying to make sense out of a puzzling World. It is as if the certainty of instinct has been replaced in chimpanzees by the uncertainty of intellect—but without the determination and decisiveness that characterizes humans. There also seems to be some indecision in male chimpanzees to select food or a female mate when both are present. #RandolphHarris 5 of 21

The incapacity of the male chimpanzee to come to a decision whether first to eat the bananas or mount the female is striking. If we observed this same behaviour in a man, we would say that he was suffering from obsessional doubt, because the normal human would have no difficulty in acting according to the dominant impulse in his character structure; the oral receptive character would first eat the banana and postpone the satisfaction of his pleasures of the flesh impulse; the “private area character” would let the food wait until he was gratified in pleasures of the flesh. In either case he would act without doubt or hesitancy. Since we can hardly assume that the male in this example is suffering from an obsessional neurosis. The chimpanzee’s remarkable tolerance toward the young as well as their deference toward the old, even when they no longer had physical power. Chimpanzees normally show a good deal of tolerance in their behaviour toward each other. This is especially true of males, less so with females. A typical instance of tolerance of a dominant to a subordinate animal occurred when an adolescent male was feeding from the only ripe cluster of fruits in a palm tree. #RandolphHarris 6 of 21

A mature male climbed up but did not try to force the other away; he merely moved up beside the younger and the two fed side by side. Under similar circumstances a subordinate chimpanzee may move up to a dominant one, but before attempting to feed, it normally reaches out to touch the other on the lips, thigh, or in the private area. Tolerance between males is particularly noticeable during the mating season, as for example on the occasion described above when seven males were observed copulating with one female with no signs of aggression between them; one of these males was an adolescent. On gorillas in the wild, it was reported on the whole “interaction” between groups was peaceful. Aggressive bluff charges were made by one male as noted above, and I once observed weak aggressiveness in the form of incipient charges towards intruders from another group by a female, a juvenile and an infant. Most intergroup aggressiveness in the form of incipient charges towards intruders from another group aggressiveness was confined to staring and snapping. Serious aggressive attacks among gorillas were not witnessed. This is all the more remarkable because the gorilla group home ranges not only overlapped, but seem to have been commonly shared amongst the gorilla population. Hence there would be ample occasion for friction. #RandolphHarris 7 of 21

Special attention should be paid to reports on feeding behaviour because it uncovers carnivorous or predatory character of chimpanzees. The chimpanzees of the Gombe Stream Reserve (and probably in most places throughout the range of the species as a whole) are omnivorous. The chimpanzees is primarily vegetarian; that is, by far the greatest proportion of foods constituting his diet as a whole is vegetable. There were certain exceptions to this rule. During the course of field study by scientists, it was observed chimpanzees feeding on the flesh of other mammals in twenty-eight instances (goes without saying, other animals in rainforest may eat humans besides lions and tigers). In addition, examining occasional samples of feces during the first two and a half years and regular samples in the last two and a half years, altogether the remnants of thirty-six different mammals were found in dung, over and above those chimpanzees were observed eating. In addition it was reported in four instances, during these years, in which in three cases a male chimpanzee caught and killed an infant baboon, and in one the killing involved a, probably female, red colobus monkey. Furthermore it was observed sixty-eight mammals had eaten (mostly primates) within forty-five months, or roughly one and a half per month, by a group of fifty chimpanzees. #RandolphHarris 8 of 21

These figures confirm that chimpanzees’ diet on the whole is vegetable and hence that meat eating is exceptional. Yet, in Jane Goodall’s book In the Shadow of Man, the author states flatly that she and her husband “saw chimpanzees eating meat fairly frequently,” but without quoting the qualifying data in her previous work that show the relative infrequency of meat eating. I stress emphasizing the “predatory” character of chimpanzees. However, chimpanzees are as many authors had stated, omnivorous; they live mainly on a vegetable diet. That they eat meat occasionally (in fact rarely), does not make them carnivorous and surely not predatory animals. However, the use of the words “predatory” and “carnivorous” insinuate that humans are born with an innate destructiveness. Pleasures and gratifications can be arranged in hierarchy of levels from lower to higher. So also can hedonistic theories be seen as ranging from lower to higher, id est, metahedonism. The B-values, seen as gratifications of metaneeds, are then also the highest pleasures or happiness that we know of. #RandolphHarris 9 of 21

I have suggested elsewhere the need for usefulness of being conscious that there is a hierarchy of pleasures, ranging from exempli gratia, relief from pain, through the contentment of a hot tub, the happiness of being with good friends, the joy of great music, the bliss of having a child, the ecstasy of the highest love-experiences, on up to the fusion with B-values. Such a hierarchy suggests a solution of the problem of hedonism, selfishness, duty, et cetera. If one includes the highest pleasures among  the pleasures in general, then it becomes true in a very real sense that fully-human people also seek only for pleasure, id est, metapleasure. Perhaps we call this “metahedonism” and then point out that at this level there is then no contradiction between pleasure and duty since the highest obligations of human beings are certainly to truth, justice, et cetera, which however are also the highest pleasures that the species can experience. And of course at this level of discourse the mutual exclusiveness between selfishness and unselfishness has disappeared. What is good for us is good for everyone else, what is gratifying is praiseworthy, our appetites are now trustworthy, rational, and wise, what we enjoy is good for us, seeking our own (highest) good is also seeking the general good, et cetera. #RandolphHarris 10 of 21

Everybody can say the Lord’s prayer and it is recited millions and millions of times every day. However, how many of those who say it have received the power to pray it? The fatherhood of God, which is the greatest and most incredible concept of Christianity, has become one of the most usual and insignificance phrases of daily life. Christianity has forgotten that in every invocation of God as Father the enmity against God must be overcome, the ecstatic certainty of our childhood must be given by the Spirit. Many of those outside Christianity know more about it than those within it. They know how paradoxical and impossible it is to call God “Father.” However, where it happens that humans have gained freedom, “the spirit of bondage” to fear is overcome by “the spirit of adoption.” When a child has a moment that we could call a moment of grace, one suddenly does the good freely, without command, and more than had been commanded; happiness glows in one’s face. One is balanced within oneself, without enmity, and is full of love. Bondage and fear have disappeared; obedience has ceased to be obedience and has become free inclination; ego and super-ego are untied. This is the liberty of the children of God, liberty from the law, and because from the law, also from the condemnation to despair. #RandolphHarris 11 of 21

Those who have the Spirit walk not after the flesh but after the Spirit. The power of infinite desire and unlimited will to power is broken. It is not extinguished; the hunger and thirst for life remain. However, when, for us, the Spirit is present, desire is transformed into love and will to power into justice. In the great chapter on live in First Corinthians, Paul makes it clear that love is the fruit of the Spirit, and that there is no love without the Spirit. Love is not a matter of law. As long as it is commanded, it does not exist. Neither is it a matter of sentimental emotion. It is impossible for the natural human; and it is ecstatic in its appearance, like every gift of the Spirit. And finally, Spirit is life. “To be carnally minded is death.” There is a human of our time who discovered the truth of this profound statement. Dr. Sigmund Freud recognized that at the root of our infinite desire lies the will to death. The individual, feeling the impossibility of fulfilling one’s desire, wants to rid oneself of it my losing oneself as an individual. Death is inevitable, but it is also chosen. Not only must we die, we also want to die, “for to be carnally minded is death.” “But,” continues Paul, “to be spiritually minded is life.” #RandolphHarris 12 of 21

Spirit is life, creative life, as the ancient hymn Veni Creator Spiritus, declares. The word “spirit” has largely disappeared from our daily language and entirely from our scientific terminology. It is replaced by “reason.” However, reason argues about what it has received; it analyzes life and often kills life. It is not life itself; it is without creative power. However, the Spirit is power as well as reason, uniting and transcending them. It is creative life. Neither power alone, nor reason alone, creates the works of art and poetry, of philosophy and politics; the Spirit creates them individually and universally, powerful and full of reason at the same time. In every great human work we admire the inexhaustible depth of its individual and incomparable character, the power of something which happens but once and cannot be repeated and that, nevertheless, is visible to century after century, universal and accessible in every period. No argument of reason can give certainty. The finite cannot argue for the infinite; it cannot reach God and it can never reach its own eternity. However, there are two certainties. One dwells in every soul which knows about itself. It is certainty which the law imposes that no life and no death, no courage and no flight, can liberate us from the command to be what we ought to be and the impossibility to be so, the condemnation of which is despair. #RandolphHarris 13 of 21

The eternity of despair encompasses us in the moment that we are conscious of our witness to the law. The other certainty dwells in those who have Spirit; they are beyond their own finiteness and they cannot use arguments, for their eternity is present to them. It is not a matter of a future life after death; it is the convincing presence of the Spirit Who is Life, beyond life and death. In the story of Pentecost, the Spirit of Christ shows its creativity in both directions, the individual and universal. Each disciple receives the fiery tongue that is the new creative Spirit. Members of all nations, separated by their different tongues, understand each other in this New Spirit, which creates a new peace, beyond the cleavages of Babel—the peace of the Church. Furthermore, for Paul, the Spirit is eternal life. It is obvious that the certainty that we are children of God, that we are united with the eternal meaning of life, is either itself eternal or is nothing. There is no rational argument for the immortality of our souls. Here and now we are encompassed in the never-ending despair brought on us by law. Here and now we are encompassed in the eternal and inexhaustible life created by the Spirit, which witnesses to the fact that we are the children of God. #RandolphHarris 14 of  21

However, someone may say: “I have not received this witness. I have not experienced the Spirit of which Paul speaks. I am not Christian in this sense.” Listen to Paul’s reply. Perhaps it is the most puzzling and mysterious of all his sayings. “Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities. For we know not what we should pray for as we ought; but the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered; and one that searcheth the hearts knoweth what is the mind of the Spirit, because one maketh intercession for the saints according to the will of God.” Paul recognizes the fact that usually we are possessed by weakness which makes the experience of the Spirit and the right prayer impossible. However, he tells us that in these periods we must not believe that the Spirit is far from us. It is within us, although not experienced by us. Our sighing in the depth of our souls, which we are not able to articulate, is taken by God to be the work of the Spirit within us. To the human who longs for God and cannot find Him; to the human who wants to be acknowledged by God and cannot even believe that He is; to the human who is striving for a new and imperishable meaning of one’s life and cannot discover it—to this man Paul speaks. #RandolphHarris 15 of 21

We are each such a human. Just in this situation, where the Spirit is far from our consciousness, where we are unable to pray or to experience any meaning in life, the Spirit is working quietly in the depth of our souls. In the moment when we feel separated from God, meaninglessness in our lives, and condemned to despair, we are not left alone. The spirit, sighing and longing in us and with us, represents us. It manifests what we really are. In feeling this against feeling, in believing this against belief, in knowing this against knowledge, we, like Paul, possess all. Those outside that experience possess nothing. Paul, in spite of the boldness of his faith and the depth of his mysticism, is most human, most realistic—nearer to those who are strong. He knows that we, with all other creatures, are in the stage of expectation, longing and suffering with all animals and flowers, with the oceans and winds. The soundless mourning of these other creatures echoes the soundless longing of the human soul. Paul knows that what we are to be has not yet appeared. And yet he has written his triumphant and ecstatic letter on Spirit and Life. It is not his spirit which inspired him to write those words, but rather the Spirit which has witnessed to his spirit and which witnesses to our spirit that we are the children of God. #RandolphHarris 16 of 21

“My son, give ear to my words; for I swear unto you, that inasmuch as ye shall keep the commandments of God ye shall prosper in the land. I would that ye should do as I have done, in remembering the captivity of our fathers; for they were in bondage, and none could deliver them except it was the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob; and he surely did deliver them in their afflictions. And now, O my son Helaman, behold thou art in thy youth, and therefore, I beseech of thee that thou wilt hear my words and learn of me; for I do know that whosoever shall put their trust in God shall be supported in their trials, and their troubles, and their afflictions, and shall be lifted up at the last day. And I would not that ye think that I know of myself—not of the temporal but of the spiritual, not of the carnal mind but of a God. Now, behold, I say unto you, if I had not been born of God I should not have known these things; but God has, by the mouth of his holy angel, made these things known unto me, not of any worthiness of myself; for I went about with the sons of Mosiah, seeking to destroy the church of God; but behold, God sent his holy angel to stop us by the way. And behold, he spake unto us, as it were the voice of thunder, and the whole Earth did tremble beneath our feet; and we all fell to the Earth, for the fear of the Lord came upon us. #RandolphHarris 17 of 21

“However, behold, the voice said unto me: Arise. And I arose and stood up, and beheld the Angel. And he said unto me: If thou wilt of thyself be destroyed, seek no more to destroy the church of God. And it came to pass that I fell to the Earth; and it was for the space of three days and three nights that I could not open my mouth, neither had I use of my limbs. And the angel spake more things unto me, which were heard by my brethren, but I did not hear them; for when I heard the words—If thou wilt be destroyed of thyself, seek no more to destroy the church of God—I was struck with such great fear and amazement lest perhaps I should be destroyed, that I fell to the Earth and I did hear no more. However, I was racked with eternal torment, for my soul was harrowed up to the greatest degree and racked with all my sins. Yea, I did remember all my sins and iniquities, for which I was tormented with the pains of hell; yea, I saw that I had rebelled against my God, and that I had not kept his holy commandments. Yea, and I had murdered many of his children, or rather led them away unto destruction; yea, and in fine so great had been my iniquities, that the very thought of coming into the presence of my God did rack my soul with inexpressible horror. #RandolphHarris 18 of 21

“Oh, thought I, that I could be banished and become extinct both soul and body, that I might not be brought to stand in the presence of my God, to be judge of my deeds. And now, for three days and for three night was I racked, even with the pains of a damned soul. And it came to pass that as I was thus racked with torment, while I was harrowed up by the memory of my many sins, before, I remembered also to have heard my father prophesy unto the people concerning the coming of one Jesus Christ, a Son of God, to atone for the sins of the World. Now, as my mind caught hold upon this thought, I cried within my heart: O Jesus, thou Son of God, have mercy on me, who am in the gall of bitterness, and am encircled abut by the everlasting chains of death. And now, behold, when I thought this, I could remember my pains no more; yea, I was harrowed up by the memory of my sins no more. And oh, what joy, and what marvelous light I did behold; yea, my soul was filled with joy as exceeding as was my pain! Yea, I saw unto you, my son, that there could be nothing so exquisite and so bitter as were my pains. Yea, and again I say unto you, my son, that on the other hand, there can be nothing so exquisite and sweet as was my joy. Yea, methought I aw, even as our father Lehi saw, God sitting upon his throne, surrounded with numberless concourses of angels, in the attitude of singing and praising their God; yea, and my soul did long to be there. #RandolphHarris 19 of 21

“However, behold, my limbs did receive their strength again, and I stood upon my feet, and did manifest unto the people that I had been born of God. Yea, and from that time even until now, I have laboured without ceasing, that I might bring souls unto repentance; that I might bring them to taste; that they might also be born of God, and be filled with the Holy Ghost. Yea, and now behold, O my son, the Lord doth give me exceedingly great joy in the fruit of my labours; for because of the word which he has imparted unto me, behold, many have been born of God, and have tasted as I have tasted, and have seen eye to eye as I have seen; therefore they do know of these things of which I have spoken, as I do know; and the knowledge which I have is of God. And I have been supported under trials and troubles of every kind, yea, and in all manners of afflictions; yea, God has delivered me from prison, and from bonds, and from death; yea, and I do put my trust in him, and he will still deliver me. And I know that he will raise me up at the last day, to dwell with him in glory; yea, and I will praise him forever, for he has brought our fathers out of Egypt, and he has swallowed up the Egyptians in the Red Sea; and he led them by his power into the promised land; yea, and he has delivered them out of bondage and captivity from time to time. #RandolphHarris 20 of 21

Yea, and he has also brought our fathers out of the land of Jerusalem; and he has also, by his everlasting power, delivered them out of bondage and captivity, from time to time even down to the present day; and I have always retained in remembrance their captivity; yea, and ye also ought to retain in remembrance, as I have done, their captivity. However, behold, my son, this is not all; for ye ought to know as I do know, that inasmuch as ye shall keep the commandments of God ye shall prosper in the land; and ye ought to know also, that inasmuch as ye will not keep the commandments of God ye shall be cut off from his presence. Now this is according to his word,” report Alma 36.1-30. The Serpent King s stirring within me, awakening, his fire and force growing. The raving one awakes, who is spendthrift with his fire and force growing. The raving one awakes, who is spendthrift with his power, breaking through, breaking down, breaking apart what is outworn. Do what you must, thunder and lightning, but leave behind a newly ordered creation, an oak growing from the wet ground. I pray to God who is Father of All and ask his presence today. Lord, God, Almighty, Most High: I call to you by these ancient names. I call to you by these names you are known by and ask you to come to me. #RandolphHarris 21 of 21

Winchester Mystery House

Long-time maintenance worker Denny reported that one morning, after entering the water tower, he heard the patter of footsteps above. He ascended to let the trespasser know the three-story structure was off-limits. But the footsteps always seemed to be one step ahead of him, and, one floor above. His search culminated on the roof, with no one in sight.

Open tonight from 8PM – 11PM for the Walk With Spirits Tour!

Buy Tickets http://ow.ly/YAsd50Bc0xx