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Shall I Compare Thee to A Summer’s Day? Thou Art More Lovely and More Temperate!
If music be the food of love, play on; give me excess of it, that surfeiting, the appetite may sicken, and so die. There can no longer be any doubt that everything we call body shows a striving to become a whole. Individuals have within themselves vast resources for self-understanding and for altering their self-concepts, basic attitudes, and self-directed behaviour; these resources can be tapped if a definable climate of facilitative psychological attitudes can be provided. There are three conditions that must be present in order for a climate to be growth-promoting. These conditions apply whether we are speaking of the relationship between therapist and client, parent and child, leader and group, teacher and student, or administrator and staff. The conditions apply, in fact, in any situation in which the development of the person is a goal. The first element could be called genuineness, realness, or congruence. The more the therapist is oneself in the relationship, putting up on professional front or personal façade, the greater is the likelihood that the client will change and grow in a constructive manner. This means that the therapist is openly being the feelings and attitudes that are flowing within at the moment. #RandolphHarris 1 of 25
The term “transparent” catches the flavour of this condition: the therapist makes oneself transparent to the client; the client can see right through what the therapist is in the relationship; the client experiences no holding back on the part of the therapist. As for the therapist, what one is experiencing is available to awareness, can be lived in the relationship, and can be communicated, if appropriate. Thus, there is a close matching, or congruence, between what is being experienced at the gut level, what is present in awareness, and what is expressed to the client. The second attitude of importance in creating a climate for chance is acceptance, or caring, or prizing—what I have called “unconditional positive regard.” When the therapist is experiencing a positive, acceptant attitude toward whatever the client is at that moment, therapeutic movement or change is more likely to occur. The therapist is willing for the client to be whatever immediate feeling is going on—confusion, resentment, fear, anger, courage, love, or pride. Such caring on the part of the therapist is nonpossessive. The therapist prizes the client in a total rather than a conditional way. #RandolphHarris 2 of 25
The third facilitative aspect of the relationship is empathetic understanding. This means that the therapist senses accurately the feelings and personal meanings that the client is experiencing and communicates this understanding to the client. When functioning best, the therapist is so much inside the private World of the other that one can clarify not only the meaning of which the client is aware but even those just below the level of awareness. This kind of sensitive, active listening is exceedingly rare in our lives. We think we listen, but very rarely do we listen with real understanding, true empathy. Yet listening, of this very special kind, is one of the most potent forces for change that I know. How does this climate which I have just described bring about change? Briefly, as persons are accepted and prized, they tend to develop a more caring attitude toward themselves. As persons are empathically heard, it becomes possible for them to listen more accurately to the flow of inner experiencings. However, as a person understands and prizes self, the self becomes more congruent with the experiencings. The person this becomes more real, more genuine. #RandolphHarris 3 of 25
Along with the person becoming more authentic, these tendencies, the reciprocal of the therapist’s attitudes, enable the person to be a more effective growth-enhancer for oneself. There is greater freedom. There is a body of steadily mounting research evidence which by and large supports the view that when these facilitative conditions are present, changes in personality and behaviour do indeed occur. Such research has been carried on from 1940 to the present. Studied have been made of the benefits of the person-centered psychotherapy with troubled individuals and with schizophrenics; of the facilitation of learning in the schools; of the improvement in other interpersonal relationships. In ever organism, at whatever level, there is an underlying flow of movement toward constructive fulfilment of its inherent possibilities. In human beings, too, there is a natural tendency towards a more complex and complete development. The term that must often been used for this is the “actualizing tendency,” and it is present in all living organism. Whether we are speaking of a follower or an oak tree, of an earthworm of a beautiful cockatiel, of an ape or a person, we will do well, I believe, to recognize that life is an active process, not a passive one. #RandolphHarris 4 of 25
Whether the stimulus arises from within or without, whether the environment is favourable or unfavourable, the behaviours of an organism can be counted on to be in the direction of maintaining, enhancing, and reproducing itself. This is the very nature of the process we call life. This tendency is operative at all times. Indeed, only the presence or absence of this total directional process enables us to tell whether a given organism is alive of dead. The actualizing tendency can, of course, be thwarted or warped, but it cannot be destroyed without destroying the organism. I remember that in my boyhood, the bin in which we stored our Winter’s supply of potatoes was in the basement, several feet below a small window. The conditions were unfavourable, but the potatoes would begin to sprout—pale white sprouts, so unlike the healthy green shoots they sent up when planted in the soil in the spring. However, these sad, spindly sprouts would grow 2 or 3 feet in length as they reached toward the distant light of the window. The sprouts were in their bizarre, futile growth, a sort of desperate expression of the directional tendency I have been describing. #RandolphHarris 5 of 25
They would never become plants, never mature, never fulfill their real potential. However, under the most adverse circumstances, they were striving to become. Life would not give up, even if it could not flourish. In dealing with clients whose lives have been terribly warped, in working with men and women on the back of wards of state hospitals, I often think of those potato sprouts. So unfavourable have been the conditions in which these people have developed that their lives often seem abnormal, twisted, scarcely human. Yet, the directional tendency in them can be trusted. The clue to understanding their behaviour is that they are striving, in the only ways that they perceive as available to them, to move toward growth, toward becoming. To healthy persons, the result may seem bizarre and futile, but they are life’s desperate attempt to become itself. This potent constructive tendency is an underlying basis of the person-centered approach. Custom, then, is a great guide of human life. It is that principle alone, which renders our experience useful to us, and makes us expect, for the future, a similar train of evens with those which have appeared in the past. Without the influence of custom, we should be entirely ignorant of every matter of fact, beyond what is immediately present to the memory and sense. #RandolphHarris 6 of 25
If we did not have customs, we should never know how to adjust means to end, or to employ our natural powers in the production of any effect. There would be an end at once to all action, as well as of the chief part of speculation. However, here it ay be proper to remark, that though conclusions from experience carry us beyond our memory and senses, and assure us of matters of fact, which happened in the most distant places and most remote ages; yet some fact must always be present to the sense or memory, from which we may first proceed in drawing these conclusions. A person, who should find in a desert country the remains of pompous buildings, would conclude, that the country had, in ancient times, been cultivated by civilized inhabitants; but did nothing of this nature occur to one, one could never form such inference. We learn the events of former ages from history; but then we must peruse the volumes, in which this instruction is contained, and thence carry up our inferences from one testimony to another, till we arrive at the eye-witnesses and spectators of these distant evens. In a word, if we proceed not upon some fact, present to the memory or senses, our reasonings would be merely hypothetical. #RandolphHarris 7 of 25
And, however, the particular links might be connected with each other, the whole chain of inferences would have nothing to support it, nor could we ever, by its means, arrive at the knowledge of any real existence. If I ask, why you believe any particular matter of fact, which you relate, you must tell me some reason; and this reason will be some other fact, connected with it. However, as you cannot proceed after this manner, in infinitum, you must at last terminate in some fact, which is present to your memory or senses; or must allow that your belief is entirely without foundation. When then is the conclusion of the whole matter? A simple one; though, it must be confessed, pretty remote from the common theories of philosophy. All belief of matter of fact or real existence is derived merely from some object, present to the memory or senses, and a customary conjunction between that and some other object. Or in other words; having found, in many instances, that any two kinds of objects, flame and heat, snow and cold, have always been conjoined together; if flame or snow be presented anew to the senses, the mind is carried by custom to expect heat or cold, and to believe, that such a quality does exist, and will discover itself upon a nearer approach. This belief is the necessary result of placing the mind in such circumstances. #RandolphHarris 8 of 25
It is an operation of the soul, when we are so situated, as unavoidable as to feel the passion of love, when we receive benefits; or hatred, when we meet with injuries. All these operations are a species of natural instincts, which no reasoning or process of the thought and understanding is able, either to produce, or to prevent. At this point, it would be very allowable for us to stop our philosophical researches. In most questions, we can never make a single step farther; and in all question, we must terminate here at last, after our most restless and curious enquires. However, still our curiosity will be pardonable, perhaps commendable, if it carry us on to still farther researches, and makes us examine more accurately the nature of this belief, and of the customary conjunction, whence it is derived. By this means we may meet with some explications and analogies, that will give satisfaction; at least to such as love the abstract sciences, and can be entertained with speculations, which, however accurate, may still retain a degree of doubt and uncertainty. Humans are the only mammal who are large-scale killers and sadist. Animals display intraspecific aggression (fighting against their own species), but they fight in a “nondisruptive,” nondestructive way. #RandolphHarris 9 of 25
The data on the life of mammals in general and the prehuman primates in particular do not suggest the presence of an innate “destructiveness” which humans are supposed to have inherited from them. Indeed, if the human species had approximately the same degree of “innate” aggressiveness as that of chimpanzees living in their natural habitat, we would live in a rather peaceful World. In studying aggression among animals and especially among the primates, it is important to begin with a distinction between their behaviour in while living their own habit and their behaviour in captivity, that is, essentially, in zoos. Observations show that primates in the wild show little aggression, while primates in the zoo can show an excessive amount of destructiveness. This distinction is of fundamental importance for the understanding of human aggression because humans thus far in their history have hardly ever lived in their “natural habitat,” with the exception of the hunters and food gatherers and the first agriculturalists down to the fifth millennium Before Christ. “Civilized” humans have always lived in the “Zoo”—id est, in various degrees of captivity and unfreedom—and this still true, even in the most advanced societies. #RandolphHarris 10 of 25
The hamadryas baboons at the London Zoo in Regents Park (“Monkey Hill”) were studied in 1929-1930. Their area, 100 feet long and 60 feet wide, was large by zoo standards, but extremely small compared with the natural range of their habitat. There was a great deal of tension and aggression observed among animals. The stronger ones brutally and ruthlessly kept the weaker ones down, and even mothers would take food away from the hands of their babies. With the principal victims further studies suggest that there are at least two different elements in crowding which must be kept apart. One is the reduction of space; the other is e destruction of the social structure. The importance of the second factor is clearly born out of observation, mentioned earlier, that the introduction of a strange animal usually creates even more aggression than crowding. Of course, often both factors are present, and it is difficult to determine which of the two is responsible for the aggressive behaviour. Whatever the specific blend of these factors is in animal crowding, each of them can generate aggression. The narrowing down of space deprives the animal of important vital functions of movement, play, and the exercise of its faculties which can develop only when it has to search for its own food. #RandolphHarris 11 of 25
Hence the “space-deprived” animal may feel threatened by this reduction of its vital functions and react with aggression. The breakdown of the social structure of an animal group is even more of a threat. Every animal species lives within a social structure characteristic for this species. Whether hierarchical or not, it is the frame of reference to which the animal’s behaviour is adapted. A tolerable social equilibrium is a necessary condition for its existence. Its destruction through crowding constitutes a massive threat to the animal’s existence, and intense aggression is the result one would expect, given he defensive role of aggression, especially when flight is impossible. Crowding can occur under the conditions of existence in a zoo. However, more often the animals in a zoo are not crowded but suffer from restriction of space. Captive animals, although they are well fed and protected have “nothing to do.” If one believes that satisfaction of all physiological needs is enough to provide for a feeling of well-being in an animal (and in humans), their zoo existence should make them very content. However, this parasitic existence deprives them of stimuli that would permit an active expression of their physical and mental faculties; hence they often become bored, dull, and apathetic. #RandolphHarris 12 of 25
Unlike zoo chimpanzees, which generally look increasingly dull and vacant with the years, the older chimpanzees among those living in the wild seemed to be more lively, more interested in everything, and more human. The dull stimulus World provided by zoo cages results in boredom. An example is a silver-haired old chimpanzee who remained the leader of the group even though he was physically far inferior to younger apes; apparently life in freedom, with all its many stimulations had developed a kind of wisdom in him which qualified him as a leader. If crowding is an important condition for animal aggression, the question suggests itself whether it is also an important source of human aggression. There is no other remedy for rebellion, violence, and neuroses than to establish the balance of numbers in human societies and quickly to find effective means of controlling them at the optimum level. This popular identification of crowding with population density has created much confusion. Many people ignore the fact that the problem of contemporary crowding has two aspects: he destruction of viable social structure (particularly in the industrialized parts of the World), and the disproportion between the size of population and the economic and social basis for its existence, mainly in the non-industrialized parts of the World. #RandolphHarris 13 of 25
Humans need a social system in which one has one’s place and in which one’s relations to others are relatively stable and supported by generally accepted values and ideas. What has happened in modern industrial society is that traditions, and common values, and genuine social personal ties with others have largely disappeared. The modern mass human is isolated and lonely, even though they are part of a crowd; they have no convictions which they could share with others, only slogans and ideologies one gets from the communications media. One have become an a-tom (the Greek equivalent of “in-dividual” = indivisible), held together only by common, though often simultaneously antagonistic interests, and by the cash nexus. This phenomenon is called “anomie” and found that it was the main cause of suicide which had been increasing with the growth of industrialization. Anomie is the destruction of all traditional social bonds, due to the fact that all truly collective organization have become secondary to the state and all genuine social life have been annihilated. People living in the modern political state are a disorganized dust of individuals. In the traditional community (Gemeinschaf) and modern society (Gesellschaf) all genuine social bonds have disappeared. #RandolphHarris 14 of 25
Population density as such, lack of social structure, genuine common bonds and interest in life are the causes of human aggression and can be show by many examples. One of the most striking are the kibbutzim in Israel, which are very crowded, with little space for the individual and little privacy (this was even more the case years ago when the kibbutzim were poor). Yet there was an extraordinary lack of aggressiveness among their members. The same holds true for other international communities all over the World. Another example are countries like Belgium and Holland, two of the most densely populated parts of the World, whose population is nevertheless not characterized by special aggressiveness. There could hardly be more crowding then there was at the Woodstock or the Isle of Wight youth festivals, and yet both were remarkably free from aggressiveness. To take another example, Manhattan Island was one of the most densely populated places in the World eighty years ago, but it was no then, as it is today, characterized by excessive violence. Anyone who has lived in a big apartment building where several hundred families live together knows that there are few places where a person has as much privacy and is as little intruded upon by the presence of next-door neighbours as in such a densely populated building. #RandolphHarris 15 of 25
In those high-rise apartment buildings, some of the people are more aware of each other, watch and gossip each other’s private lives, and are constantly in each other’s field of vision; the same holds true, although to a much lesser degree, for suburban society. These examples tend to show that it is not crowding as such, but the social, psychological, cultural, and economic conditions under which it occurs that are responsible for aggression. It is obvious that overpopulation, id est, population density under conditions of poverty, causes stress and aggression; the big cities India, as well as the slums in American cities, are an example of this. Overpopulation and the resulting population density are malignant, when, due to the lack of decent housing, people lack the most elementary conditions for protection from immediate and constant intrusion by others. Overpopulation means that the number of people in a given society surpasses the economic basis for providing them with adequate food, housing, and meaningful leisure. There is no doubt that overpopulation has evil consequences and that the numbers must be reduced to a level which is commensurate with the economic basis. However, in a society which has the economic basis to support a dense population, the density itself does not deprive the citizen of one’s privacy, and it does no expose one to constant intrusions of others. #RandolphHarris 16 of 25
An adequate standard of living, however, takes care only of the lack of privacy and constant exposure to others. It does not solve the problem of anomie, of the lack of Gemeinschaft, of the individual’s need to live in a World that has human proportions, whose members know each other as persons. The anomie of industrial society can only be removed if the whole social and spiritual structure is changed radically: if the individual is not only adequately fed and houses, but the interests of society become identical with the interests of each individual; when the relationship to one’s fellow human and the expression of one’s powers, rather than the consumption of things and antagonism to one’s fellow humans, become the principles which govern social and individual life. This is possible under the condition of high population density, but it requires radical rethinking of all our premises and radical social change. It follows from these considerations that all analogies from animal to human crowding are of limited value. The animal has an instinctive “knowledge” of the space and the social organization it needs. It reacts instinctively with aggression in order to remedy a disturbance of its space and social structure. #RandolphHarris 17 of 25
It has no other way to respond to threats to its vital interests in these respects. However, humans have many other ways. They can change the social structure, they can develop bonds of solidarity an of common values beyond what is instinctually given. The animal’s solution to crowding is a biological instinctive one; human’s solution is social and political. “And again, I, Alma, having been commanded of God that I should take Amulek and go forth and preach again unto this people, or the people who were in the city of Ammonihah, it came to pass as I began to preach unto them, they began to contend with me, saying: Who art thou? Suppose ye that we shall believe the testimony of one human, although one should preach unto us that the Earth should pass away? Now they understood not the words which they spake; for they knew not that the Earth should pass away. And they said also: We will not believe thy words if thou shouldst prophesy that this great city should be destroyed in one day. Now they knew not that God could do such marvelous works, for they were a hard-hearted and a stiffnecked people. And they said: Who is God, that sendeh no more authority than one human among this people, to declare unto them the truth of such great and marvelous things? And they stood forth to lay their hands on me; but behold, they did not. #RandolphHarris 18 of 25
“And I stood with boldness to declare unto them, yea, I did boldly testify unto them, saying: Behold, O ye wicked and perverse generation, how have ye forgotten the tradition of your fathers; yea, how soon ye have forgotten the commandments of God. Do ye not remember that our father, Lehi, was brought out of Jerusalem by the hand of God? Do ye not remember that they were all led by him through the wilderness? And have ye forgotten so soon how many times he delivered our fathers out of the hands of their enemies, and preserved them from being destroyed, even by the hands of their own brethren? Yea, and if it had no been for his matchless power, and his mercy, and his long-suffering towards us, we should unavoidably have been cut off from the face of the Earth long before this period of time, and perhaps been consigned to a state of endless misery and woe. Behold, now I say unto you that he commandeth you to repent; and except ye repent, ye can in nowise inherit the kingdom of God. However, behold, this is not all—he has commanded you to repent, or he will utterly destroy you from off the face of the Earth; yea, he will visit you in his anger, and in his fierce anger he will not turn away. Behold, do ye not remember the words which he spake unto Lehi, saying that: Inasmuch as ye shall keep my commandments, ye shall prosper in the land? #RandolphHarris 19 of 25
“And again it is said that: Inasmuch as ye will not keep my commandments ye shall be cut off from the presence of the Lord. Now I would that ye should remember that ye should remember, that inasmuch as the Lamanites have not kept the commandments of God, they have been cut off from the presence of the Lord. Now we see that the word of the Lord has been verified in this thing, and the Lamanites have been cut off from his presence, from the beginning of their transgressions in the land. Nevertheless I say unto you, that it shall be more tolerable for them in the day of judgment than for you, if ye remain in your sins, yea, and even more tolerable for them in this life than for you, except ye repent. For there are many promises which are extended to the Lamanites; for it is because of the traditions of their fathers that caused them to remain in their state of ignorance; therefore the Lord will be merciful unto them and prolong their existence in the land. An at some period of time they will be brought to believe in his word, and to know of the incorrectness of the traditions of their fathers; and many of them will be saved, for the Lord will be merciful unto all who call on his name. #RandolphHarris 20 of 25
However, behold, I say unto you that if ye persist in your wickedness that your days shall not be prolonged in the land, for the Lamanites shall be sent upon you; and if ye repent not they shall come in a time when you know not, and ye shall be visited with utter destruction; and it shall be according to the fierce anger of the Lord. For he will not suffer you that ye shall live in your iniquities, to destroy his people. I say unto you, Nay; he would rather suffer that the Lamanites might destroy all his people who are called the people of Nephi, if it were possible that they could fall into sins and transgressions, after having had so much light and so much knowledge given unto them of the Lord their God; yea, after having been such a highly favoured people of the Lord; yea, after having been favoured above every other nation, kindred, tongue, or people; after having had all things made known unto them, according to their desires, and their faith, and prayers, of that which has been and which is, and which is to come; having been visited by the Spirit of God; having converse with angels, and having been spoken unto by the voice of the Lord; and having the spirit of prophecy, and the spirit of revelation, and also many gifts, the gift of speaking with tongues, and the gift of preaching, and the gift of the Holy Ghost, and the gift of temptation; #RandolphHarris 21 of 25
“Yea, an after having been delivered of God out of the land of Jerusalem, by the hand of the Lord; having been saved from famine, and from sickness, and all manner of diseases of every kind; and they having waxed strong in battle, that they might not be destroyed; having been brought out of bondage time after time, and having been kept and preserved until now; and they have been prospered until they are rich in all manner of things—and now behold I say unto you, that if this people, who have received so many blessings from the hand of the Lord, should transgress contrary to the light and knowledge which they do have, I say unto you that if this be the case, that if they should fall into transgression, it would be far more tolerable for the Lamanites than for them. For behold, the promises of the Lord are extended to the Lamanites, but they are not unto you if ye transgress; for has not the Lord expressly promised and firmly decreed, that if ye will rebel against him that ye shall utterly be destroyed from off the face of the Earth? And now for this cause, that ye may not be destroyed, the Lord has sent his angel to visit many of his people, declaring unto them that they must go forth and cry mightily unto this people, saying: Repent ye, for the kingdom in Heaven is nigh at hand. #RandolphHarris 22 of 25
“And not many days hence the Son of God shall come in his glory; and his glory shall be the glory of the Only Begotten of the Father, full of his grace, equity, and truth, full of patience, mercy, and long-suffering, quick to hear the cries of his people and to answer their prayers. And behold, he cometh to redeem those who will be baptized unto repentance, through faith on his name. Therefore, prepare ye the way of the Lord, for the time is at hand that all humans shall reap a reward of their works, according to that which they have been—if they have been righteous they shall reap the salvation of their souls, according to the power and deliverance of Jesus Christ; and if they have been evil they shall reap the damnation of their souls, according to the power and captivation of the devil. Now behold, his is the voice of the angel crying, unto the people. And now, my beloved brethren, for ye are my brethren, and ye ought to be beloved, and ye ought to bring forth works which are meet for repentance, seeing that your hearts have been grossly hardened against the word of God, and seeing that ye are a lost and fallen people. Now it came to pass that when I, Alma, had spoken these words, behold, the people were wroth with me because I said unto them that they were a hard-hearted and stiffnecked people. #RandolphHarris 23 of 25
“And also because I said unto them that they were a lost and a fallen people they were angry with me, and sought to lay their hands upon me, that they might cast me into prison. However, it came to pass that the Lord did not suffer them that they should take me at that time and cast me into prison. And it came to pass that Amulek went and stood forth, and began to preach unto them also. And now the words of Amulek are not all written, nevertheless a part of his words are written in this book,” reports Alma 9.1-34. O Thou Most High, Creator of the ends of the Earth, Governor of the Universe, Judge of all humans, Head of the Church, Saviour of sinner; Thy greatness is unsearchable, Thy goodness infinite, Thy compassions unfailing, Thy providence boundless, Thy mercies ever new. We bless Thee for the words of salvation. How important, suitable, encouraging are the doctrines, promises, and invitations of the gospel of peace! We are lost: but in it Thou hast presented to us a full, free and eternal salvation; weak: but here we learn that help is found in one that is mighty, poor: but in him we discover unsearchable riches, blind: but we find He has treasures of wisdom and knowledge. We thank Thee for Thy unspeakable gift. #RandolphHarris 24 of 25
Thy Son is our only refuge, foundation, hope, confidence; we depend upon His death, rest in his righteousness, desire to bear his image; may His glory fill our minds, His love reign in our affections, His cross inflame us with ardour. Let us Christians fill our various situations in life, escape he snares to which they expose us, discharge the duties that arise from our circumstances, enjoy with moderation their advantages, improve with diligence their usefulness, and may every place and company we are in be benefited by us. O Most merciful God, incline Thy loving ears to my prayers, and illuminate my heart with the grace of the Holy Spirit, that I may be enabled worthily to minister to Thy Mysteries, and to love Thee with an everlasting love, and to attain everlasting joys, through Jesus Christ our Lord. We give Thee thanks, O Lord God of hosts, Who hast counted us worthy even now to stand at Thy holy Altar, and to entreat Thy compassion for our sins and for the errors of Thy people. Accept, O Lord, our supplication; make us worthy to offer unto Thee supplications and prayers and bloodless sacrifices for all Thy people; and enable us, whom Thou hast places in this ministry, by the power of Thy Holy Spirit, without condemnation and without offence, and keeping the witness of our conscience pure, to call upon Thee in every time and place. #RandolphHarris 25 of 25
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Thank you for the ears of Your dutiful concern for prayer, O merciful God, I bow down to you will, please grant my request, and allow the grace of the Holy Spirit, to illuminate our hearts, my heart; my I be worthy to serve at Thy mysteries. I know, that thou are the love of eternal love, and the joys of the age. During this time may I be worthy to receive your bountiful grace through Jesus Christ. Amen,
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We are Just Illusion Makers and the Sun Will Always Shine and the Sky Will Always be Blue!
Spring is here. Everything is burgeoning, the young women also. Their cloaks are laid aside; presumably my green one, too, has been hung up. This is the result of making a young lady’s acquaintance in the street, not in society, where on e is immediately told her name, her family, where she lives, whether she is engaged. The last is extremely important information for all sober and steady suitors, to whom it would never occur to fall in love with an engaged young lady. Such an ambler would then be in mortal distress if he were in my place; he would be utterly demolished if his efforts to obtain information were crowed with success and with the bonus that she was engaged. This, however, does not bother me very much. An engagement is nothing but a comic predicament. I fear neither comic nor tragic predicaments; they only ones I fear are the langweilige [boring] ones. So far, I have not come up with a single bit of information, although I certainly have left nothing untried and many times have felt the truth of the poet’s words: Nox et hiems longaque viae, saevique dolores mollibus his castris, et labour omnis inest [Night, storm, long journeys, cruel pains all kinds of pains are in his dainty camp]. Perhaps she does not live here in the city at all; perhaps she is from the country, perhaps, perhaps—I can fly into a rage over all these perhapses, and the angrier I become, the more the perhapses. #RandolphHarris 1 of 20
I always have money at hand in order to be able to set out upon a journey. In vain do I look for her at the theater, at concerts, at dances, on the promenades. In a certain sense, I am pleased; a young woman who participates in such amusements a great deal is usually not worth conquering; she most often lacks the originality that for me is and remains the conditio sine qua non [indispensable condition]. It is not as incomprehensible to find a Preciosa among the gypsies as in the market places where young women are offered for marriage—in all innocence—good Heavens, who says otherwise! However, it is not right for the would-be disciple to take the new relationship as an excuse for releasing oneself from all personal responsibilities, all personal decisions. One should not expect the teacher to take entire charge of one’s entire life for one. Nor is it right for a teacher to accept such a position, to play a role consisting of father and mother and God combined into a single person toward an individual who has reached adult life. It will not help a disciple to let one evade one’s responsibilities and shrink one’s decisions. If the atmosphere between them is surcharged with emotion alone without the restraining balances of reason and common sense, this is the kind of situation which is likely to be brought about. #RandolphHarris 2 of 20
A wise teacher will try to meet disciples upon the proper ground between accepting such helpless dependence and rebuffing it brusquely altogether. Any other meeting would be unhealthy emotionally and unsound intellectually. Why insist on rash personal relations with your friend? Why go to one’s house, or know one’s mother and brothers and sisters? Why be visited by one at your own? Are these things material to our covenant? Leave this touching and clawing. Let one be to me a spirit. A message, a thought, a sincerity, a glance from one I want, but not news pottage. I can get politics and chat, neighbourly conveniences from cheaper companions. Should not the society of my friend be to me poetic, pure, universal and as great as nature itself? In a social system animated by competition for property, the human personality was metamorphosed into a form of capital. Here it was rational to invest oneself only in properties that would produce the highest return. Personal feeling was a limitation since it distracted the individual from calculating one’s best interest and might pull one along economically counterproductive path. Although human personality remains a medium of competition, the competition is no longer confined to individuals. Institutional purposes are now tied to the workers’ psychological arts. #RandolphHarris 3 of 20
It is not simply individuals who manage their feelings in order to do a job; whole organizations have entered the game. The emotion management that sustains the smile in a real estate representative competes with the emotion management that upholds the smile on other home builders. What was once a private act of emotion management is sold now as labour in public-contact jobs. What was once a privately negotiated rule of feeling or display is not set by the company’s Standard Practice Division. Emotional exchanges that were once idiosyncratic and escapable are now standardized and unavoidable. Exchanges that were rare in private life become common in commercial life. Thus a customer assumes a right to vent unmanaged hostility against a real estate representative who has no corresponding right—because one is paid, in part, to relinquish it. All in all, a private emotional system has been subordinated to commercial logic, and it has been changed by it. It does not take capitalism to turn feeling into a commodity or to turn our capacity for managing feeling into an instrument. However, capitalism has found a use for emotion management, and so it has organized it more efficiently and pushed it further. #RandolphHarris 4 of 20
And perhaps it does take a capitalist sort of incentive system to connect emotional labour to competition and to go so far as to actually advertise a “sincere” smile, train workers to produce such a smile, supervise their production of it, and then forge a link between this activity and corporate profit. When people like you, they like the company you work for, too. It takes considerable sophistication for a company to make this into an ordinary, trivial thought for a worker to be urged to bear in mind. Massive people-processing—and the advanced engineering of emotional labour that makes it possible—is a remarkable achievement. It is also an important one, for a good part of modern life involves exchange between total strangers, who, in the absence of countermeasures and in the pursuit of short-term self-interest, might much of the time act out of suspicion and anger rather than trust and good will. The occasional lapses from the standard of civility that we take for granted remind us of the crucial steadying effect of emotional labour. However, like most great achievements, the advanced engineering of emotional labour leaves new dilemmas in its wake, new human costs, and I shall focus now on these. For without a clear understanding of these psychological costs, we can hardly begin to find ways of mitigating or removing them. #RandolphHarris 5 of 20
These are three stances that workers seem to take toward work, each with its own sort of risk. In the first, the worker identifies too wholeheartedly with the job, and therefore risk burnout. In he second, the worker clearly distinguishes oneself from the job and is less likely to suffer burnout; but one may blame oneself for making this very distinction and denigrate oneself as “just an actor, no sincere.” In the third, the worker distinguishes oneself from one’s act, does not blame oneself for this, and sees the job as absolutely requiring the capacity to act; for this worker there is some risk of estrangement from acting altogether, and some cynicism about it—“We are just illusion makers.” The first stance is potentially more harmful than the other two, but the harm in all three could be reduced, I believe, if workers could feel a greater sense of control over the conditions of their work lives. The first kind of worker does not see one’s job as one of acting. One has little or no awareness of a “false self.” One is likely to offer warm, personal service, but one is also warm on behalf of the company—“when people like you, they like the company too.” One offers personalized service, but one one’s self become identified with the ized part of it. One is not so good at depersonalizing inappropriately personal behaviour toward one. For these reasons, one is more likely to suffer stress and be susceptible to burnout. #RandolphHarris 6 of 20
Instead of removing the idea of a “self” from the job either by will or by art, such a person often reacts passively: one stops caring and becomes remote and detached from the people one serves. Some real estate representatives who describe themselves as poor at depersonalizing reported periods of emotional deadness: “I was not feeling anything. It was like I was not really there. The guy was talking. I could hear him. However, all I heard was dead words.” This sense of emotional numbness reduces stress by reducing access to the feelings through which stress introduces itself. It provides an exit from overwhelming distress that allows a person to remain physically present on the job. Burnout spares the person in the short term, but it may have a serious long-term cost. The human faculty of feeling still “belongs” to the worker who suffers burnout, but the worker may grow accustomed to a dimming or numbing of inner signals. And when we lose access to feeling, we lose a central means of interpreting the World around us. As a precaution against burnout many experienced workers develop a “healthy” estrangement, a clear separation of self from role. They may sometimes feel “phony”—because at a given moment they feel that they should not be acting at all or that they are not acting well enough. However, by differentiating between an acting and a nonacting side of themselves, they make themselves less vulnerable to burnout. #RandolphHarris 7 of 20
Now when the company institutes a speed-up—when it maintains its call for emotional labour but sets up conditions that make it impossible to deliver—the worker may become estranged from the acting itself. One may refuse to act at all, thus withdrawing one’s emotional labour altogether. Since the job itself calls for good acing, one will be seen as doing the job poorly. One may respond to the constantly negative consequences of this by trying not to take any consequences at all, by trying not to be there. If in the first stance the worker is too much present in the role, in the third stance, one is not present enough. In all three, the essential problem is how to adjust one’s self to the role in a way that allows some flow of self into the role but minimizes the stress the role puts on the self. In all three cases, the problem of adjusting self to role is aggravated by the worker’s lack of control over the conditions of work. The more often “tips” about how o see, feel, and seem are issued from above and the more effectively the conditions of the “stage” are kept out of the hands of the actor, the les one can influence one’s entrances and exits and the nature of one’s acting in between. The less influence one has, the more likely it is that one of two things will occur. Either one will overextend oneself into the job and burn out, or one will remove oneself from the job and feel bad about it. #RandolphHarris 8 of 20
Worker control over the conditions of good acting boils down, in the end, to practical politics. The company wanted to take two real estate representatives off two of their sites, but the union was adamantly opposed, and they won. Now that is a multimillion-dollar decision. However, it is a good thing they won. They thought they could have some control over that decision. It was not just money they wanted. They wanted some say over their work lives so they could do the job like they wanted. However, even such actions by organized workers cannot solve the whole problem. For whenever people do acting for a living, even if they have some control over the stage, they inhabit their own stage faces with caution: behind the mask, they listen to their own feelings at low volume. Cheerfulness in the line of duty becomes something different from ordinary good cheer. This applies much more to the real estate representatives, who must try to be genuinely friendly to a line of strangers, than to the commissary worker, who can feel free to hate packing the three-hundredth vanilla Jell-O pudding cup onto a lunch tray. Yet, whoever entrusts oneself to a maser or one’s mind to a teaching, cannot escape one’s own personal responsibility for what one does. #RandolphHarris 9 of 20
This is not to absolve either the self-actualized or the author of the teaching from one’s own responsibility, which they also have, but it is to make clear that the followers are it too. If history is seen as time between a beginning and an end, we can say that not beginning and end determine the center, as is the case in spatial measurements, but that he center of history determines its beginning and end from the meaning of an historical process. This means that history lasts as long as he revelatory power of its center is experienced, first by anticipation, then by participation. Before this here may be a pre-history, a meaningless time or, rather, a time whose meaning was unperceived. After it, one could conceive of a post-history, another stretch of time deprived of a center and which itself perhaps would be a pre-history before another center is expected. All this, however, is mere speculation; such a possibility is purely abstract. It helps us to see, nevertheless, that the important point of history is that which gives it meaning, its center. Everything else revolves around it. Properly speaking, the center of history is constitutive of it: the meaning of a period arises out of a revelatory situation. History is constituted by the fact that is center is constituted, or—since this is not an arbitrary act—by the fact that its center is constituted, or—since this is not an arbitrary act—by the fact that a center proves to be a center through creating history. #RandolphHarris 10 of 20
By a series of well-timed steps, we have led the audience to the brink of the Christological affirmation. First, we have defined history as the meaning of time. Second, we have shown that his meaning comes to light in moments of intense experience of which one may say, “This is the acceptable time, the Kairos.” At that precise moment, the eternal invades he temporal. Third, we have shown that while each period of history may receive it only from a universal Kairos which will be its center. The fourth step, to which we are now coming, is that Jesus as the Christ is the center of history, the point where salvation manifests itself as the content of history. Before explaining this, I should mention an intriguing point. The center of history cannot be conceived of as future: It cannot be sought for in the future, for the meaning of the future is determined by it. We think that the future will be meaningful only on the basis of a principle which we already possess. However, this is not all: The center cannot lie in the present either. For the present has no historical meaning unless it explains the past too. It has such a meaning only if it is the point in which are joined the historical fate which is born in the past, and the historical decision which provides the future. This is to say that the present must itself refer to some meaningful point in the past, to a past Kairos in the light of which the present is meaningful. #RandolphHarris 11 of 20
No present can be a historical center for itself. As a matter of fact, every center of history in any religion or culture has always been seen as a point of reference in the past. If we remember in our analysis of time, the present is, in a sense, both the past and the future, this remark on the past character of the center of history is not as striking as it may seem. At any moment when we are grasped by the power of Kairos, we are in contact with a super-historical reality, and experience the presence of the past in the present. The conclusion which this imposes on Christology does not affect our conscious of the center of history in Jesus as the Christ. However, it does affect our view of the self-consciousness of the Christ. For if the advent of the Christ in Jesus is the center of history for us, it cannot have been the center of history for Jesus. The implications of this will claim our attention later. In 1899 four reporters from Denver, Colorado, met by chance on a Saturday night in a Denver railroad station. Al Stevens, Jack Tournay, John Lewis, and Hal Wilshire worked for the four Denver papers: The Post, the Times, the Republican and the Rocky Mountain News. Each had the unenviable task of finding a scoop for the Sunday edition. They hoped to spot a visiting celebrity arriving that evening by train. #RandolphHarris 12 of 20
However, none showed up, so the reporters wondered what on Earth they would do. As they discussed options in a nearby saloon, Al suggested they make up a story. The other three laughed—at first. However, before long they were all agreed—they would come up with such a whopper that n one would question it and their respective editors would congratulate them on their find. A phony local story would be too obvious, so they decided to write about someplace far away. They agreed on China. “What if we say tha some American engineers, on their way to China, told us they are bidding on a major job: the Chinese government is planning to demolish the Great Wall?” Harold was not sure the story would be believable. Why would the Chinese ever tear down the Great Wall of China? “As a sign of international goodwill, to invite foreign trade.” By 11 P.M. the four reporters had worked out the details, and the next say all four Denver newspapers carried the story—on the front page. The Times headlines that Sunday read: “Great Chinese Wall Doomed! Peking Seeks World Trade!” Of course, the story was a ridiculous tall tale made up by four opportunistic newsmen in a hotel bar. However, amazingly their story was taken seriously and soon ran in newspapers in the Eastern United States of America and even abroad. #RandolphHarris 13 of 20
When the citizens of China heard that the Americas were sending a demolition crew to dismantle the Great Wall, most were indignant, even enraged. Particularly angry were members of a secret society made up of Chinese patriots already against any kind of foreign intervention. Moved to action by the news story, they attacked the foreign embassies in Peking and murdered hundreds of missionaries from abroad. In the next two month twelve thousand troops from six countries, working together, invaded China to protect their country people. The bloodshed of that time, born out of a journalistic hoax fabricated in a saloon in Denver, was the time of violence known ever since as the Boxer Rebellion. What power the written or spoken word has! The Great Wall is very precious to the people of China, it is a sacred monument, much like a church, and natives often get dressed up like they are going to church to visit the spiritual center. It is also a major tourist attraction. The Great Wall of China receives more than 10 million visitors per year. So it is never good to threaten World Wonders. Nations have risen and nation have fallen to the tongue. Lives have been elevated and lives have been cast down by human speech. Goodness has flowed like a sweet river from out mouth, and so has the cesspool. The tiny tongue is a mighty force indeed. #RandolphHarris 14 of 20
Words have the power to hurt or to heal, to bring down, or to raise up. And the words we say to ourselves are quite possibly the most powerful words of all. We need to watch ourselves, and our thoughts, and our words, and our deeds, especially as followers of Christ. “And it came to pass that the Nephites who were not slain by the weapons of war, after having buried those who had been slain—now the number of the slain were not numbered, because of the greatness of their number—after they had finished burying their dead they all returned to their lands, and to their houses, and their wives, and their children. Many women and children had been lain with the sword, and also many of their flocks and their herds; and also many of their fields of grain were destroyed, for they were trodden down by the hosts of humans. And now as many of the Lamanites and the Amlicites who had been slain upon the bank of the river Sidon were cast into the waters of Sidon; and behold their bones are in the depths of the sea, and they are many. And the Amlicites were distinguished from the Nephites, for they had marked themselves with red in their foreheads after the manner of the Lamanites; nevertheless they had not shorn their heads like unto the Lamanites. #RandolphHarris 15 of 20
“Now the heads of the Lamanites were shorn; and they were naked, save it were skin which was girded about their loins, and also their armour, which was girded about them, and their bows, and their arrows, and their stones, and their slings, and so forth. And the skins of the Lamanites were dark, according to the mark which was set upon their fathers, which was a curse upon them because of their transgression and their rebellion against their brethren, who consisted of Nephi, Jacob, and Joseph, and Sam, who were just and holy men. And their brethren sought to destroy them, therefore they were cursed; and the Lord God set a mark upon them, yea, upon Laman and Lemuel, and also the sons of Ishmael, and Ishmaelitish women. And this was done that their seed might be distinguished from the seed of their brethren, that thereby the Lord God might preserve his people, that they might not mix and believe in incorrect traditions which would prove their destruction. And it came to pass that whosoever did mingle his seed with that of the Lamanites did bring the same curse upon his seed. Therefore, whosoever suffered himself to be led away by the Lamanites was called under that head, and there was a mark set upon him. #RandolphHarris 16 of 20
“And it came to pass that whosoever would not believe in the tradition of the Lamanites, but believed those records which were brought out of the land of Jerusalem, and also in the tradition of their fathers, which were correct, who believed in the commandments of God and kept them, were called the Nephites, or the people of Nephi, from that time forth—and it is they who have kept the records which are true of their people, and also of the people of the Lamanites. Now we will return again to the Amlicites, for they also had a mark set upon them; yea, they set the mark upon themselves, yea, even a mark of red upon their foreheads. Thus the word of God is fulfilled, for these are the words which he said to Nephi: Behold, the Lamanites have I cursed, and I will set a mark on them that they and their seed may be separated from thee and Thy seed, from this time henceforth and forever, except they repent of their wickedness and turn to me that I may have mercy upon them. And again: I will set a mark upon him that mingleth his seed with thy brethren, that they may be cursed also. And again: I will set a mark upon him that figheth against thee and thy seed. And again, I say he that depareth from thee shall no more be called thy seed; and I will bless thee, and whomsoever shall be called thy seed, henceforth and forever; and these were the promises of the Lord unto Nephi and to his seed. #RandolphHarris 17 of 20
“Now the Amlicites knew not that they were fulfilling the words of God when they began to mark themselves in their foreheads; nevertheless they had come out in the open rebellion against God; therefore it was expedient that the curse should fall upon them. Now I would that ye should see that they brought upon themselves the curse; and even so doth every human that is cursed bring upon oneself one’s own condemnation. Now it came to pass that not many days after the battle which was fought in the land of Zarahemla, by the Lamanites and the Amlicites, that there was another army of the Lamanites came in upon the people of Nephi, in the same pace where the first army met the Amlicites. And it came to pass that there was an army sent to drive them out of their land. Now Alma himself being afflicted with a wound did not go up to battle at this time against the Lamanites; however, he sent up numerous army against them; and they went up and slew many of the Lamanites, and drove the remainder of them out of the borders of their land. And then they returned again and began to establish peace in the land, being troubled no more for a time with their enemies. Now all these things were done, yea, all these wars and contentions were commenced and ended in the fifth year of the reign of the judges. #RandolphHarris 18 of 20
“And in one year were thousands and tens of thousands of souls sent to the eternal World, that hey might reap their rewards according to their works, whether they were good or whether they were bad, to reap eternal World, that they might reap eternal happiness or eternal misery, according to the spirit which they listed to obey, whether it be a good spirit or a bad one. For every human receiveth wages of one whom one listeth to obey, and this according to the words of the spirit of prophecy; therefore let it be according to the truth. And thus endeth the fifth years of the reign of the judges,” reports Alma 3.1-27. The disciple’s reverence for the Master can still hold room for sight of the latter’s failings and imperfections. If one gets enough inspiration from the Master to help one’s spiritual life, it would be a foolish decision to leave one because of those failings and imperfections. Graciously cast Thy light, O Lord, upon go on and prosper, and its pastors, by Thy governance, may become acceptable to Thy Name; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Most High God, the Universe with all its myriad creatures is Thine, made by Thy word, upheld by Thy power, governed by Thy will. However, Thou art also the Father of mercies, the God of all grace, the bestower of all comfort, the protector of the saved. #RandolphHarris 19 of 20
Thou hast been mindful of us, hast visited us, preserved us, given us a goodly heritage—the Holy Scriptures, the joyful gospel, the Saviour of souls, we came to Thee in Jesus’ name, make mention of His righteousness only, plead His obedience and sufferings who magnified the law both in its precepts and penalty, may we be justified by His blood, saved by his life, joined to His Spirit. Let us take up His cross and follow Him. May the agency of Thy grace prepare us for Thy dispensations. Makes us willing that Thou shouldest choose our inheritance and determine what we shall retain or lose, suffer or enjoy; if blessed with prosperity may we be free from its snares, and use, not abuse, its advantages; may we patiently and cheerfully submit to those afflictions which are necessary. When we are tempted to wander, hedge up our way, excite in us abhorrence of sin, wean us from the present evil World, assure us that we shall at last enter Immanuel’s land where none is ever sick, and the Sun will always shine. Many have a lack of compassion. Almighty please give service to our successful course and people like you are in your heart pleasing because Thou art holy. May the President that commands the nation keep society in their right mind. #RandolphHarris 20 of 20
Our homes in our latest community at #PlumasRanch took influence from modern design trends, like patterned tile and spacious center work islands. The end result is definitely drool-worthy. 🤤
We have TWO homes in the Riverside community that are move-in ready! Check them out on our website. Link in bio. 🙌 https://cresleigh.com/cresleigh-riverside-at-plumas-ranch/move-in-ready-home-site-77/
Hatred Comes from the Heart; Contempt from the Head; and Neither Feeling is Quite Within Our Control!
It ain’t what they call you, it is what you answer to. We all forget names. I have not met anyone who has not, at one time or another, been in the awkward situation of having to make an introduction when they were unable to remember one of the people’s names. So what do these folks do? Usually nothing. That is right: nada. Zip. No introduction. Let them introduce themselves, goes the thinking, and get me out of the pickle I am in. Well, that might work in the short run. However, I guarantee you that the people whom you failed to introduce will not appreciate you for making your problem into their problem. And I do not blame them one bit. Okay, so what should you do? Admit your problem and ask for help. Here is how it works. Let us say you have started the introduction. “Great Aunt Betty! How nice to see you.” (Kiss, kiss on the cheeks.) “Please, let me introduce…” At this point, you stop and turn to Cute-and interesting with an apologetic smile and say, “I am so embarrassed—I cannot remember your name.” Now, Cute-and-interesting could leave you hanging by not saying anything, but in all my forgetful years I have never seen this happen. Most likely, she will reach out her hand to Great Aunt Betty and say, “Hi, I am Tomi Lahren. It is nice to meet you.” You say to Tomi (with heartfelt gratitude), “Thank you, Tomi” (thus imprinting her name on your forgetful brain). Then you turn to Great Aunt Betty and continue, “Aunt Betty, Tomi and I were talking about how cold the weather is. You just came up from Florida. How was it there?” And off you go…. #RandolphHarris 1 of 21
We have all been there, and we all know how it feels. The important thing is you were able to make the introduction. Tomi and Aunt Betty are going to blow right past your small stumble because you did the important thing: You acknowledged them both and made it possible for them to start having and beneficial interaction—which is much more important than remembering Tomi’s name. On the other hand, if you hope to see her in the future, you had better make sure you imprint Tomi’s name permanently on your memory from now on. It would be in extremely poor taste to have your great-aunt Dorthy (yes, I had a great-aunt Dorthy, too—and a great-aunt Ethel) come over and have to ask Tomi her name once again. Some tips on remembering the names of people you meet: The first thing to do is focus. I know it can be hard, especially if she is gorgeous and you are trying hard not to do or say something incredibly stupid. However, no matter how difficult it may seem, you have got to forget her looks for one moment and focus instead on her face and on the words you are hearing. “Romeo, I would like to introduce Gorgeous to you,” your great-aunt Ethel says. What you do not do is mumble, “Nice to meet you.” Instead, say with a clear voice, “Gorgeous, what a pleasure it is to meet you!” And as she replies, you repeat to yourself, “Gorgeous, Gorgeous, Gorgeous.” Then make a point of saying her name out loud at various points during the conversation that follows. The goal is simple: Imprint that name. #RandolphHarris 2 of 21
Use Imagining—another time-honoured trick is to immediately picture some image or idea that you associate with the person’s name. For example, you might think to yourself, “Gorgeous—like in a Drop Dead Gorgeous, the movie.” This sort of association actually increases the amount of neural connections devoted to a particular memory, providing an automatic (and very effective) hint every time you find it necessary to recall your newfound friend’s name. It has happened to all of us: You approach a stranger at a dinner party, politely extend your hand, and say, “Hi, my name is Parker Gregory.” The stranger extends his hand in turn and says, “Nice to meet you.” And that is all. No name. This is one of the most vexing “meet and greet” problems I have come across. Parker is left hanging, thinking to himself, “Hey, stranger. Have you got a name? What is the deal here?” Meanwhile, the clueless stranger forgoes onward, repeating his transgression wherever he goes, assuming everybody knows his name. You could respond with something like, “I am sorry, I missed your name. You are…?” Bottom line: Do not be like the stranger—unless you want to leave a poor first impression. The real issue in the debate about using first names as opposed to a title like “Mr.,” “Mrs.,” or “Ms.” Is one of respect. For that reason, if you are with people who are older than you, or in a formal situation with people you do not know well, always start by using the more formal type of address. #RandolphHarris 3 of 21
If the other person then offers you the opportunity to address him or her differently, politely thank them and proceed. One must limit oneself—that is the primary condition for all enjoyment. It does not seem that I shall soon find out anything about the young lady who so fills my soul and mind that the lack is amplified. Now I am going to stay quite calm, for this state, this obscure and indefinite but nevertheless powerful emotion, also has its sweetness. I have always like to lie in a boat on a clear moonlit night out on one of our beautiful lakes. I haul in the sails, take in the oars, unship the rudder, lie down full length, and gaze up at the vault of Heaven. When the waves rock the boat on their breast, when the clouds swiftly drift before the wind, making the mon disappears for a moment and then reappear, I find rest in this restlessness. The motion of the waves lulls me; their slapping against the boat is a monotonous lullaby; the clouds’ hasty flight and the variation in lights and shadows intoxicates me so that I dream wide awake. I lie the same way now, haul in the sails, unship the rudder. Longing and impatient expectancy become quieter and quieter, more and more blissful: they coddle me like a child. Over me arches the Heaven of hope; her image drifts past me like the moon’s, indistinct, now blinding me with its light, now with its shadow. How enjoyable to ripple along on moving water this way—how enjoyable to be in motion within oneself. #RandolphHarris 4 of 21
History is not accounted for only in terms of development: There are many developments in history, but insofar as they are mere developments, they are not yet history. History is not made of everything that historians know about the past; it is made only of what they know as meaningful. And as there is no ultimate meaning except in relation to the eternal, history is made of what, in the development of human’s free decisions, is revelatory of the Unconditional. In a sense therefore one must say that only when viewed as history of salvation has history an absolute meaning. How then do we know history? Not through erudition without reflection; and not by reflection without erudition. If we wish to understand the meaning of past evens, we must first be acquainted with those evens. However, this is only preliminary. On the other hand, once we have perceived a meaning, it cannot be brought to the surface of historical reports. If it could, the meaning of history would become one of the many incidental factors of a historical situation. It would no longer explain them in their eternal relevance. It must remain background and depth. In other words, only one who participates in a meaning can grasp or be grasped by it. Only one who is committed to the ultimate meaning of history, to the eternal, can understand history. #RandolphHarris 5 of 21
Insofar as interpreting history involves the future, it requires creative will. This point of view is not detached, but directed and tense. Whoever would maintain the ideal of pure observation must content oneself with numbers and names, statistics and newspaper clippings. One might collect thousands of things which could be verified, but one would not for that reason be able to understand what is happening in the present. A truly historical judgment requires participation in the developing, creating and meaning-giving process: One is enabled to speak of that which is most vital in the present, of that which makes the present a generative force, only insofar as one immerses oneself in the creative process which brings the future forth out of the past. This holds true of this history of any foreign land or of any past event: We actually know history only as we stand active within it, and as we are able to transform every foreign history into our own history through our own decisions. The meaning of time which history discerns requires the creative power of experience. Where direct experience is impossible, it requires empathy, which it itself a form of experience. The conception of history as meaningful time, or what amounts to the same, as the perception of depth of events, is essentially religious. #RandolphHarris 6 of 21
We seek for an absolute judgment of the absolute meaning of time, for the eternal and so to say, eschatological dimension of past, present and future. Hence we are to be distinguished, not only from those who see history as erudition about the past, but also from those who separate the flow of time and its eternal depth. We are neither naturalists nor supra-naturalist. Naturalism, in this context, makes history a mere matter of facts, without transcendent meaning. Supra-naturalism adds religion, faith, revelation to history as something from above which is involved in the flow of time without truly redeeming it; the Church is viewed as a hieratic structure above time; faith is a God-given datum above the free and creative choice of humans; history and salvation are juxtaposed. History is always the history of salvation; nature as such is self-transcending; the meaning of events is that these events reveal a vista on the eternal, without ceasing to be the very stuff of this World. Though history discloses the revelatory dimension of events, not all events are equally revelatory. Not all are caught in a revelatory constellation. Not all have inspired the ecstasy of faith. At one time I experienced an enthusiasm for the Greek language. Kairos is a key to Christological understanding of history. #RandolphHarris 7 of 21
The Greeks distinguish between Chronos and Kairos. Both terms refer to time, but with different connotations. Chronos is simply the flow of time. It is Kairos which is meaningful. Let us remember that we are seeking for the Ultimate that must pierce through time, that must be pointed at by historical events. We are I search of an unconditional meaning of time. And to speak of an unconditioned meaning is to speak of that which transcends the process of mere becoming…it is to speak of that which supports the times but is not subject to them. The Unconditioned is only perceived through a free decision. Ecstasy is liberating because human’s fate is freely engaged in it. There is no perception or reception of the Ultimate unless that total personality is freely committed to it. The term Kairos designates the appeal of a historical event to human’s free decision. When there is an element of miracle in a given situation, in response to which the min will ecstatically reach the meaning of this moment of time, time is no longer merely Chronos, it is Kairos. Time is all-decisive, not empty time, pure expiration; not the mere duration either, but rather qualitatively fulfilled time, the moment that is creation and fate. We call this fulfilled moment, the moment of time approaching us a fate ad decision, Kairos. #RandolphHarris 8 of 21
A moment of time, an event, deserves the name of Kairos, fullness of time in the precise sense, if it can be regarded in its relation to the Unconditioned, if it speaks of the Uncontained. To look at a time thus is to look at it in its truth. It is conceivable that each moment of time ultimately possesses this dimension. Yet not each has inspired an unconditional acceptance of its eternal dimension. Just as a human’s life goes through a number of revelatory situation separated by periods of varying length, so does the life of humankind. Kairos reveals the religious dimension of an era. One should not consider it as arbitrary. Humans do not create the meaning of an era. They only perceive it, even though one does so as a result of one’s own commitment to that era and of one’s involvement in it. We want to avoid superficial interpretations. Historians should not see a period only in terms of its military victories and defeats. They should plunge into its depth. Kairos is the fate of the time, the point at which time is disturbed by eternity. The knowledge which is born of it has not grown out of accidental arbitrary events of a period but out of the period’s basic significance. Kairos is not a historical theory concerning the influence of a politician’s decisions at a given time. Kairos exists only because the eternal is taken up into the forms of time, it becomes an existential form, temporal and contemporary. #RandolphHarris 9 of 21
The Other, that in which every time transcends itself, becomes an individual event, a present time. That which is not time becomes time, that which is not an existential form becomes and existing form. Kairos is a moment of time pierced by the eternal. Then the eternal is perceived through temporal events, the Unconditional is discerned under the conditions of existence. Post-World War I was such a period of time; and in numerous and it has been the tragedy of our period that the breakthrough of the eternal was then better understood by the secular socialist movement than by the Churches. At this point those who trust the Churches more than socialism may have doubts about these conceptions of Kairos. For how do we know that Kairos is Kairos? How are we sure of the message of a time? How can we ascertain the ultimate meaning of a given historical event or era? The answer is of course that the question is unanswerable. We cannot say “how” any more than we can give a proof, acceptable in a court of law, that we have experienced the ecstasy of faith. And yet, we always know when we know the Unconditional. The certainty, though uncommunicable, is nevertheless certain. The message of Kairos is always an error; for it sees something immediately imminent which, considered in its ideal aspect, will never become a reality and which, considered in its real aspect, will be fulfilled only in long periods of time. #RandolphHarris 10 of 21
And yet the message of the Kairos is never an error; for where the Kairos is proclaimed as a prophetic message, it is already present; it is impossible for I to be proclaimed in power without its having grasped those who proclaim it. Since Kairos reveals the meaning of a period by showing the form then taken by the message of the eternal, the question may be asked if there is a Kairos powerful enough to revel the meaning of the whole of history, embracing past, present and future. Can we find such a Kairos as will reveal he universal scope of time? In Greek terms, what is the relation between Kairos, the eternal dimension of a given period, and logos, the timeless meaning of being? A preliminary answer may be given. The concept of a center of history is common to many cultures. And the center of history is precisely conceived as the identity of a given Kairos with the universal logos. The center of history is the place where the meaning-given principle of history is seen. The notion of a center of history is found in cultures that have sought the New Being in the weft and woof of the historical process itself. Thus the center of history for the Jews is the exodus from Egypt and its main event, the treaty with God on Mount Sinai; for the Persians, the appearance of Zarathustra; and the Moslems, Mohammed’s flight from Mecca to Media. All these are Western types of cultures. #RandolphHarris 11 of 21
On the others hand, Eastern cultures, like Brahmanism and Buddhism, have sought for the New Being above, rather than within, history. For them there is no center of history; and there is no history either, for time is then meaningless and history is the meaning of time. It is significant that cultures that have denied a meaning to time have also left undeveloped the notion of history and that of its center. Historical cultures have been open to the notion of a center of history in which the Unconditional would be perceived with existence, the eternal within time. If there is history, there is a point in which history reveals its meaning. Were there no such point, there would be no history. Time would be empty, meaningless. And this point, when it has been found, is the center of history. When God himself appears in a moment of time, when he himself subjects himself to the flux of time, the flux of time is conquered. And if this happens in one moment of time, then all moments of time receive another significance. Since God knows not only things actual but also things possible to Himself or to created things, and these must be infinite, it must me held that He knows infinite things. Although the knowledge of vision which has relation only to things that are, or will be, or were, is not of infinite things, as some say, for we do not say that the World is eternal, nor that generation and movement will go on forever, so that individuals be infinitely multiplied; yet, if we consider more attentively, we must hold that God knows infinite things even by the knowledge of vision. #RandolphHarris 12 of 21
For God knows even the thoughts and affections of hearts, which will be multiplied to infinity as rational creature. The reason for thus is to be found in the fact that the knowledge of every knower is measured by the mode of the form which is the principle of knowledge. For the sensible image in sense is the likeness of only one individual things, and can give the knowledge of only one individual. However, the intelligible species of our intellect is the likeness of things as regards its specific nature, which is participable by infinite particulars; hence our intellect by intelligible species of humans in a certain way knows infinite humans; not however as distinguished from each other, but as communicating in the nature of the species; and the reason is because the intelligible species of our intellect is the likeness of human not as to the individual principles, but as o the principles of the species. On the other hand, the divine essence, whereby the divine intellect understands, is a sufficing likeness of all things that are, or can be, not only as regards the universal principles, but also as regards the principles proper to each one, as shown above. Hence it follows that the knowledge of God extends to infinite things, even as distinct from each other. God does not know all the infinite or infinite things, as if He enumerated part after part; since He knows all things simultaneously; and not successively. Hence there is nothing to prevent Him from knowing infinite things. #RandolphHarris 13 of 21
It is essential that we understand that the Biblical idea of integrity has the root idea of completeness, that a person of integrity is whole. The derivation of our English word integrity from the Lati emphasizes the same quality because integritas means wholeness, entireness, completeness. Integrity characterizes the entire person, not just part of one. One is righteous and honest through and through. One is no only that inside, but also in outer action. Psalm 15 celebrated the completeness of the human of integrity: “Lord, who may dwell in your sanctuary? Who many live on your holy hill? One whose walk is blameless and who does what is righteous, who speaks the truth from one’s heart and has no slander on one’s tongue, who does one’s neighbour no wrong and casts no slur on one’s fellow human, who despises a vile person but honours those who fear the Lord, who keeps one’s oath even when it hurts, who lends one’s money without usury and does not accept a bribe against the innocent. One who does these things will be shaken.” Surveys indicate that usually people lie to cover up something they did wrong. Take, for example, the employee who has negligently jammed the copy machine, then slyly covers oneself by calling out, “OK, who jammed the machine?” The second most frequent reason for lying is to keep things pleasant emotionally. Have you avoided expressing the truth for the sake of peace? #RandolphHarris 14 of 21
This does not mean we have license to tell everyone what we think no matter what—a spiritual mandate to always speak our minds. Rather, we are never to deceive others by omission, or by using unclear talk to save face of avoid offending another. We are to be “speaking the truth in love,” reports Ephesians 4.15. Integrity demands that all speech be intentionally true. Such speech give pleasures to God—“The Lord detests lying lips, but he delights in humans who are truthful,” reports Proverbs 12.22. Next, a human of integrity never cheats nor defrauds another, never steals. Proverbs tells us: “Differing weights and differing measures—the Lord detests them both,” reports Proverbs 20.10. “The Lord abhors dishonest scales, but accurate weight are one’s delight,” reports Proverbs 11.1. “For grained by fraud tastes sweet to a human, but one ends up with a mouth full of gravel,” reports Proverbs 20.17. There are so many ways to casually steal which the consensus regards as justified: taking office supplies from work, long lunches, charging customers erroneous late fees than pocketing the money, extravagant meals, accepting gifts from customers, ignoring traffic laws, claiming improper deductions. However, the human of integrity avoids all such temptations, to God’s glory. #RandolphHarris 15 of 21
The human of God keeps one’s word. One never promises to do something one does not intend to do. And one follows through—one does not conveniently “forget” what one has promised. One is never “put on” by the human of integrity. Faithfulness, one of the fruits of the Spirit (Galatians 5.22), is one’s trademark. Even when one discovers that keeping one’s word is not to one’s benefit, one does so, for as the Psalmist says, the human of integrity “keeps one’s oath even when it hurts,” reports Psalmist 15.4. This human, the Scripture says, is unique: “Many a human claims to have unfailing love, but a faithful human who can find?” reports Proverbs 20.6. Integrity is a rare beauty. Last, a human of integrity is a human of principle. We must understand that being a human of principle means more than having principles. It means having the courage to stand up for your convictions when it costs you. At present my daughter ad son-in-law, Peter and Annie Post, and their three children have been looking for a sizable home for four months, largely because they want space so the kids can play in doors, the owners of housing developments in Midtown wanted them to sign a document which falsely states they are paying less for the house than they would really be paying. My daughter and her family are at this point victims of integrity—an enviable victimization. #RandolphHarris 16 of 21
However, Pete and Annie decided on lovely and affordable home in the Cresleigh Ranch community, of Plumas Lake, located in the Riverside subdivision. They felt this was an honourable builder and a family-oriented community, which came with the bonus of a large yard. “Now it came to pass that after the sons of Mosiah had done all these things, they took a small number with them and returned to their father, the king, and desired of him that he would grant unto them that they might, with these whom they had selected, go up to the land of Nephi that they might preach the things which they had heard, and that they might impart the word of God to their brethren, the Lamanites—that perhaps they might bring them of the iniquity of their fathers; and that perhaps they might cure them of their hatred towards the Nephites, that they might also be brought to rejoice in the Lord their God, that they might become friendly to one another, and that there should be no more contentions in all the land which the Lord their God had given them. Now they were desirous that salvation should be declared to every creature, for they could not bear that any human soul should perish; yea, even the very thoughts that any soul should endure endless torment did cause them to quake and tremble. #RandolphHarris 17 of 21
“And thus did the Spirit of the Lord work upon them, for they were the very vilest of sinners. And the Lord saw of in his infinite mercy to spare them; nevertheless they suffered much anguish of soul because of their iniquities, suffering much and fearing that they should be cast off forever. And it came to pass that they did plead with their father many days that they might go up to the land of Nephi. And king Mosiah went and inquired of the Lord if he should let his sons go up among the Lamanites to preach the word. And the Lord said unto Mosiah: Let them go up, for many shall believe on their words, and they shall have eternal life; and I will deliver thy sons out of the hands of the Lamanites. And it came to pass that Mosiah granted that they might go and do according to their request. And they took their journey into the wilderness o go up to preach the word among the Lamanites; and I shall given an account of their proceedings hereafter. Now king Mosiah had no one to confer the kingdom upon, for there was not any of his sons who would accept of the kingdom. Therefore he took the records which were engraven on the plates of brass, and also the plates of Nephi, and all the things which he and kept and preserved according to the commandments of God, after having translated and caused to be written the records which were on the plates of gold which had been found by the people of Limhi, which were delivered to him by the hand of Limhi. #RandolphHarris 18 of 21
“And this he did because of the great anxiety of his people; for they were desirous beyond measure to know concerning those people who had been destroyed. And now he translated them by the means of those two stones which were fastened into the two rims of a bow. Now these things were prepared from the beginning, and were handed down from generation to generation, for the purpose of interpreting languages; and they have been kept and preserved by the hand of the Lord, that he should discover to every creature who should possess the land the iniquities and abominations of his people; and whosoever has these things is called seer, after the manner of old times. Now after Mosiah had finished translating these records, behold, it gave an account of the people who were destroyed back to the building of the great tower, at the time of the Lord confounded the language of the people and they were scattered abroad upon the face of all the Earth, yea, and even from that time back until the creation of Adam. Now this account did cause the people of Mosiah to mourn exceedingly, yea, they were filled with sorrow; nevertheless it gave them much knowledge, in the which they did rejoice. And this account shall be written hereafter; for behold, it is expedient that all people should know the things which they did rejoice. #RandolphHarris 19 of 21
“And this account shall be written hereafter; for behold, it is expedient that all people should know the things which are written in this account. And now, as I said unto you, that after king Mosiah had done these things, he took the plates of brass, and all the things which he ad kept, and conferred them upon Alma, who was the son of Alma, yea, all he records, and also the interpreters, and conferred them upon him, and commanded him the he should keep and preserve them, and also keep a record of the people, handing them down from one generation to another, even as they had been handed down from the time that Lehi left Jerusalem,” reports Mosiah 29.1-20. It is truly a wonder to meet all your senses, Majesty. Please avert it by entreaty your fellow-servants ministrants be found in the time of the coming of the Lord ‘s competent; dedication and of the Son, thine own, to be ready to correct with, and necessary for, let us strive to love the cecum of censorship; and the service is reasonably assigned to performance, not guilty of neglecting the Lord faced with an increase, but the increase is due to inconsistency of our talents. Grant us, we beseech Thee, Almighty God, that by the grace of Thy grace, may we be just as is worthy of you, by presenting Mary, with your example of the faithful, minister to correct conversation; the reward of Your eternal salvation may be granted of Thy people, and the priest’s blessings be bestowed upon us. #RandolphHarris 20 of 21
O LORD, we commune with Thee every day, but week days are Worldly days, and secular concerns reduce Heavenly impressions. We bless Thee therefore for the day sacred to our souls when we can wait upon Thee and be refreshed; we thank Thee for the institutions of religion by use of which we draw near to Thee and Thou to us; we rejoice in another Lord’s Day when we call off our minds from the cares of the World and attend upon Thee without distraction; let our retirement be devout, our conversation edifying, our reading pious, our hearing profitable, that our souls may be quickened and elevated. We are going to the house of prayer, pour upon us the spirit of grace and supplication; we are going to the house of instruction, please give testimony to the word preached, and glorify it in the hearts of all who hear; may in enlighten the ignorant, awaken the careless, reclaim the wandering, establish the weak, comfort the feeble-minded, make ready a people for their Lord. Be a sanctuary to all who cannot come, forget not those who never come, and do thou bestow upon us benevolence towards our dependents, forgiveness towards our enemies, peaceableness towards our neighbours, openness towards our fellow-Christians. #RandolphHarris 21 of 21
CRESLEIGH MEADOWS AT PLUMAS RANCH
Plumas Lake, CA | from the mid $300’s
Now Selling!
This single story home boats an ideal layout with 2,372 square feet, of thoughtfully designed living space, three bedrooms, three bathrooms, and a three car garage.
The kitchen comes fully equipped with a large island, stainless steel appliances, and quartz counters with a butler’s pantry to provide easy access to the dining room. The great room is spacious and its open floor plan allows all parts of the home to flow. The Owner’s suite nestled away from the secondary bedrooms allowing for maximum privacy, yet still accessible.
Best of all, each Cresleigh home comes fully equipped with an All Ready connected home! This smart home package comes included with your home and features great tools including: video door bell and digital deadbolt for the front door, connect home hub so you can set scenes and routines to make life just a little easier. Two smart switches and USB outlets are also included, plus we’ll gift you a Google Home Hub and Google Mini to help connect everything together! https://cresleigh.com/cresleigh-meadows-at-plumas-ranch/residence-2/
Our new blog post is here! Learn 5 things you can do with your new Cresleigh #smarthome at the link in bio. 🙌 https://cresleigh.com/blog/
It is meet for us to beseech Thy Majesty, that we may be found at our Lord’s coming ministering to our fellow-servants their portion of meat in due season; that in our dealings with Thy servants we may be careful to join affection with rebuke, and needful censure with love; and that wisely discharging the service committed to us, we may not incur the guilt of neglecting to increase our Lord’s deposit, but may receive profit from having multiplied God’s talents, whereof we have been the stewards. #CresleighHomes
Ignorance of the Law Excuses No Human–Looked Like a Baby-River that was Laying Half Alseep!
Surplus of wealth is a sacred trust which its possessor is bound to administer in one’s lifetime for the good of the community. Stigma management is a general feature of society, a process occurring wherever there are identity norms. The same features are involved whether a major differentness is at question, of the kind traditionally defined as stigmatic, or a picayune differentness, of which the shamed person is to be ashamed to be ashamed. One can therefore suspect that the role of normal and the role of stigmatized are parts of the same complex, cuts from the same standard cloth. Of course, psychiatrically oriented students have often pointed out the pathological consequences of self-derogation, just as they have argued that prejudice against a stigmatized group can be a form of a sickness. These extremes, however, have not concerned us, for the patterns of response and adaptation considered in this ese seem totally understandable within the framework of normal psychology. One can assume first that persons with different stigmas are in an appreciably similar situation and respond in an appreciably similar way. The neighbourly druggist might talk to the neighbourhood, therefore the neighbourhod drugstores have been avoided by persons seeking al manner of equipment and medication—persons wonderfully diverse who share nothing but a need to control information. #RandolphHarris 1 of 26
And secondly, one can assume that the stigmatized and the normal have the same mental make-up, and that this necessarily is the standard one in our society; one who can play one of these roles, then, has exactly the required equipment for playing out the other, and in fact in regard to one stigma or another is likely to have developed some experience in doing so. Most important of all, the very notion of shameful differences assumes a similarity in regard to crucial beliefs, those regarding identity. Even where an individual has quite abnormal feelings and beliefs, one is likely to have quite normal concerns and employ quite normal strategies in attempting to conceal these abnormalities from others, as the situation of former mental patients suggests: One of the difficulties centers around the meaning of “reasonable employment.” The patients are sometimes unable, but more often unwilling, to explain why a particular job is “unreasonable” or impossible for them. One middle-aged man could not bring himself to explain that he was so terrified of the dark he insisted on sharing his bedroom with his brother, and that he could no possibly work where it meant coming home alone in the dark in Winter. He tries to overcome his fear, but is reduced to a state of physical collapse if left alone at night. #RandolphHarris 2 of 26
In such an instance—and there were many others—the former patient’s fears of ridicule, contempt or harshness make it difficult for him to explain the real reason for refusing or not holding the jobs offered to him. He may then easily be labelled as work-shy or unemployable, which is likely to be financially disastrous. Similarly, when an aging person finds one cannot remember some of the names of one’s immediate friends, one may shy away from going to the meeting places where one is likely to encounter them, thus illustrating an embarrassment and a plan which entail human capacities that have nothing to do with aging. If, then, the stigmatizes person is to be called a deviant, one might better be called a normal deviant, at least to the extent that one’s situation is analyzed within the framework presented here. There is a direct evidence regarding this self-other, normal-stigmatized unity. For example, it seems that persons who suddenly find themselves relieved of a stigma, as in successful plastic surgery, may quickly be seen, by themselves and others, to have altered their personality, an alteration in the direction of acceptable, just as those who have suddenly acquired a defect may relatively quickly experience a change in apparent personality. #RandolphHarris 3 of 26
These perceived changes seem to be a result of the individual’s being placed in a new relationship to the contingencies of acceptance in face-to-face interaction, with consequent employment of new strategies of adaptation. Important additional evidence comes from social experiments, wherein subjects knowingly take on a defect (temporarily, of course), such as partial deafness, and find themselves spontaneously manifesting the reactions and employing the devices that are found among the actually disabled. A further fact should be mentioned. Because a change from stigmatized status to normal status is presumably in a desired direction, it is understandable that the change, when it comes, can be sustained psychologically by the individual. However, it is very difficult to understand how individuals who sustain a sudden transformation of their life from that of a normal to that of a stigmatized person can survive the change psychologically; yet very often they do. That both types of transformation can be sustained—but especially the latter type—suggest that standard capacities and training equip us to handle both possibilities. And once these possibilities are learned, the rest, alas, comes easily. #RandolphHarris 4 of 26
For the individual to learn that one is beyond the pale, or not beyond the pale after having been beyond, is not, then, a complicated thing, merely a new alignment within an old frame of reference, and taking to oneself in detail what one had known about before as residing in other. The painfulness, then, of sudden stigmatization can come not from the individual’s confusion about one’s identity, but from one’s knowing too well what one has become. Taken through time, then, the individual is able to play both parts in the normal-deviant drama. However, one must see that even boxed within a brief social moment, the individual may be able to perform both shows, exhibiting not only a general capacity to sustain both roles, but also the detailed learning and command necessary for currently executing the required role behaviour. His is facilitated, of course, by the fact that the roles of stigmatized and normal are not merely complementary; they also exhibit some striking parallels and similarities. Performers of each role may withdraw from contact with the other as a means of adjustment; each male feel that one is not fully accepted by the other; each may feel that one’s own conduct is being watched too closely—and be correct in this feeling. Each may stay with one’s “own” merely to forgo having to face the problem. #RandolphHarris 5 of 26
Further, the asymmetries or differences between that do exist are often kept within such limits as will further the common and crucial task of maintaining the social situation that is in progress. Aliveness to the role of the other must be sufficient so that when certain adaptive tactics are not employed by one of the normal-stigmatized pair, the other will know how to step in and take on the role. For example, should the stigmatized person fail to present his failing in a matter of fact way, the normal may assume the task. And when normals try tactfully to help the stigmatized person with one’s difficulties, one may grit one’s teeth and accept help gracefully, out of regard for the good will of the effort. Evidence of two-headed role playing is widely available. For example, whether for fun or seriously, people pass, and they do so in both directions, into or out of the stigmatized category. Another source of evidence is psychodrama. This “therapy” assumes that mental patients and others beyond the pale can on stage switch parts and play out the role of normal to someone who is now playing their role to them; and in fact they can perform this theater without much prompting and with reasonable competency. A third source of evidence that the individual can simultaneously sustain command over both the normal and stigmatized role comes to us from behind-scenes joshing. #RandolphHarris 6 of 26
Normals, when among themselves, “take off” on a stigmatized type. More to the point, the stigmatized in similar circumstances takes off on the normal as well as oneself. One jokingly enacts scenes of degradation with one of one’s kind playing the role of the crudest of normals while one affects the complementary role for a moment, only to break into vicarious rebelliousness. As part of this sad pleasure there will be the unserious use of stigma terms of address that are usually tabooed in “mixed” society. It should be restated here that this kind of joking by the stigmatized does not so much demonstrate some kind of chronic distance the individual has from oneself as it demonstrates the more important fac that a stigmatized person is first of all like anyone else, trained first of all in others’ views of persons like oneself, and differing from them first of all in having a special reason to resist stigma derogation when in their presence and the special license to give voice to it when in their absence. A special case of the light use of self-abusing language and style is provided by professional representatives of the group. When representing their group to normals, they may embody in an exemplary way the ideals of the normals, being partly chosen for being able to do so. #RandolphHarris 7 of 26
However, when attending social affairs among their own, they may feel a special obligation to show that they have not forgotten about the ways of the group or their own place, and so on sage may employ native dialect, gestures, and expression in humorous caricature of their identity. (The audience can then dissociate themselves from what they still have a little of, and identify with what they have not yet fully become.) These performances, however, often have a cultivated trim aspect; something has been clearly placed in brackets and raised to an art. In any case, one regularly finds in the same representative the capacity to be more “normal” in manner than are most of the members of one’s category who orient themselves in this direction, while at the same time one can command more of the native idiom than those of one’s category who are oriented in this direction. And where a representative does not have this capacity to manage two faces, one will find oneself under some pressure to develop it. I have often pondered the reasons why, in seminars, the reactions are more strongly negative, and eventually more strongly beneficial. I believe it is due in part to the fact that they were so eager to learn from the “master,” the “guru,” that they were loath to accept my authority. #RandolphHarris 8 of 26
Perhaps another reason is that they were all graduate students, most of them already employed professionally, or like Dr. Tenenbaum, taking the course as a postdoctoral seminar. Such students are, I believe, even more dependent upon authority than are elementary school children. I took up most of the first meeting of the seminar (about twenty-five students) by introducing myself and my purpose and asking if others wished to do the same. After some awkward silences, the students told what brought them to the seminar. I told the group about the many resources I had brought with me—reprints, mimeographed material, books, a list of recommended reading (no requirements), tapes of therapeutic interviews, and films. I asked for volunteers to organize and lend out these materials, to run the tapes, and to find a movie projector. All of this was easily handled, and the session ended. As Dr. Tenenbaum takes up the story: Thereafter followed four hard, frustrating sessions. During this period, the class did not seem to get anywhere. Students spoke at random, saying whatever came into their heads. It all seemed chaotic, aimless, a waste of time. A student would bring up some aspect of Rogers’ philosophy; and the next student, completely disregarding the first, would take the group away in another direction; and a third, completely disregarding the first two, would start something else altogether. #RandolphHarris 9 of 26
At time there were some faint efforts at a cohesive discussion, but for the most part the classroom proceedings seemed to lack continuity and direction. The instructor received every contribution with attention and regard. He did not find any student’s contribution in order or out of order. The class was not prepared for such a totally unstructured approach. They did not know how to proceed. In their perplexity and frustration, they demanded that the teacher play the role assigned to him by custom and tradition; that he set forth for us in authoritative language what was right and wrong, what was good and bad. Had they not come from far distances to learn from the oracle himself? Were they not fortunate? Were they not about to be initiated in the right rituals and practices by the great man himself, the founder of the movement that bears his name? The notebooks were poised for the climactic moment when the oracle would give forth, but mostly they remained untouched. Queerly enough, from the outset, even in their anger, the members of the group felt joined together, and outside the classroom, there was an excitement and a ferment, for even in their frustration, they had communicated as never before in any classroom, and probably never before in quite the way they had. #RandolphHarris 10 of 26
In the Rogers class, they had spoken their minds; the words did not come from a book, nor were they the reflection of the instructor’s thinking, nor that of any other authority. The ideas, emotions, and feelings came from themselves; and this was he releasing and the exciting process. In this atmosphere of freedom, something for which they had not bargained and for which they were not prepared, the students spoke up as students seldom do. During this period, the instructor took many blows; and it seemed to me that many times he appeared to be shaken; and although he was the source of our irritation, we had, strange as it may seem, a great affection for him, for it did not seem right to be angry with a man who was so sympathetic, so sensitive to the feelings and ideas of others. We all felt that what was involved was some slight misunderstanding which once understood and remedied would make everything right again. However, our instructor, gentle enough on the surface, had a “whim of steel.” He did not seem to understand; and if he did, he was obstinate and obdurate; he refused to come around. Thus did this tug-of-war continue. We all looked to Rogers and Rogers looked to us. One student, amid general approbation, observed: “We are Rogers-centered, not student-centered. We have come to learn from Rogers.” #RandolphHarris 11 of 26
After more of this, individual students attempted to take leadership and organize the seminar around certain topics or ways of planning, but these attempts at structure were largely disregarded. Gradually the group became insistent that I lecture. I told them that I was just completing a paper, and would be willing to give that as a lecture, but I also informed them that I was quite willing to have it duplicated so that each could read it. They insisted that I give it as a talk, and I agreed. It was a topic I was much involved in, and I believe I delivered it as well as I was able, taking somewhat more than an hour. Tenenbaum reports the results. After the vivid and acrimonious exchanges to which we had been accustomed, this was certainly a letdown, dull and soporific to the extreme. This experience squelched all further demands for lecturing. By the fifth session, something definite had happened; there was no mistaking that. Students spoke to one another; they by-assed Rogers. Students asked to be heard and wanted to be heard, and what before was a halting, stammering, self-conscious group became an interacting group, a brand-new cohesive unit, carrying on in a unique way; and from them came discussion and thinking such as no other group but this could repeat or duplicate. #RandolphHarris 12 of 26
The instructor also joined in, but his role, more important than any in the group was important, the center, the base of the operation, not the instructor. What caused it? I can only conjecture as to the reason. I believe that what happened was this: For four sessions students refused to believe that the instructor would refuse to play the traditional role. They stilled believed that he would set the tasks; that he would be the center of whatever happened and that he would manipulate the group. It took the class four sessions to realize that they were wrong; that he came to them with nothing outside of himself, outside of his own person; that if they really wanted something to happen, it was they who had to provide the content—an uncomfortable, challenging situation indeed. It was they who had to speak up, with all the risks that that entailed. As part of the process, they shared, they took exception, they agreed, they disagreed. At any rate, their persons, their deepest selves were involved; and from this situation, this special, unique group, this new creation was born. After the fourth session, and progressively thereafter, this group, haphazardly thrown together, became close to one another and their true selves appeared. #RandolphHarris 13 of 26
As they interacted, there were moments of insight and revelation and understanding that were almost awesome in nature; they were what, I believe, Rogers would describe as “moments of therapy,” those pregnant moments when you see a human soul revealed before you, in all its breathless wonder; and then a silence, almost like reverence, would overtake the class. And each member of the class become enveloped with a w warmth and a loveliness that border on the mystic. I for one, and I am quite sure the other also, never had an experience quite like this. It was learning and therapy; and by therapy I do not mean illness, but what might be characterized by a healthy change in the person, an increase in one’s flexibility, one’s openness, one’s willingness to listen. In the process, we all felt elevated, freer, more accepting of ourselves, and others, more open to new ideas, trying hard to understand and accept. This is not a perfect World, and there was evidence of hostility as members differed. Somehow in this setting every blow was softened, as if the sharp edges had been removed; if undeserved, students would go off to something else; and the blow was somehow lost. In my own case, even those students who originally irritated me, with further acquaintance I began to accept and respect. #RandolphHarris 14 of 26
It also occurred to me that I tried to understand what was happening: Once you come close to a person, perceive one’s thoughts, one’s emotions, one’s feelings, one becomes not only understandable but good and desirable. In the course of this process, I saw hard, inflexible, strict and rigid persons, in the brief period of several weeks, change in front of my eyes and become sympathetic, understanding and to a marked degree nonjudgmental. I saw neurotic, compulsive persons ease up and become more accepting of themselves and others. In one instance, a student who particularly impressed me by his change, told me when I mentioned this: “It is true. I feel less rigid, more open to the World. And I like myself better for it. I do not believe I ever learned so much anywhere.” I saw shy persons become less shy and aggressive persons more sensitive and moderate. One might say this appears to be essentially an emotional process. However that, I believe, would be altogether inaccurate in describing it. There was a great deal of intellectual content, but the intellectual content was meaningful and crucial to the person. In fact, one student brought up this very question. “Should we be concerned,” he asked, “only with the emotions? Had the intellect no play?” It was my turn to ask, “Is there any student who has read as much or thought as much for any other course?” #RandolphHarris 15 of 26
The answer was obvious. We had spent hours and hours reading; the room reserved for us had occupants until ten o’clock at night, and then many left only because the university guards wanted to close the building. Students listened to recordings; they saw motion pictures; but best of all, they talked and talked and talked. The starting of a cult to gain a personal following would be abhorrent to the spirit of any truly selfless spiritual guide, but the creation of a school for a spiritual development and philosophical learning one might consider helpful to may earnest but bewildered students life. The true master is to work for the few. There are several agencies who will spread their activities thinly on a wide surface but one’s will penetrate to a deeper level. Theirs will be more showy but one’s more effective. The Rogers method was free and flowing and open and permissive. A student would start an interesting discussion; it would be taken up by a second; but a third student might take us away in another direction, bringing up a personal matter of no interest to the class; and we would all feel frustrated. However, this was like life, flowing on like a river, seemingly futile, with never the same water there, flowing on, with no one knowing what would happen the next moment. #RandolphHarris 16 of 26
However, in this there was an expectancy, an alertness, an aliveness; it seemed to me as near a smear of life as one could get in a classroom. For the authoritarian person, who puts one’s faith in neatly piled up facts, this method I believed can be threatening, for here one gets no reassurance, only an openness, a flowing, no closure. I have nowhere found such a vivid account of the initially chaotic, gradually more fluid way in which the group, as it fearfully takes responsibility for itself, becomes a constructive organism, listening and responding sensitively to its own needs. It is the outwardly confused, inwardly organized, politics of an ever-changing group purpose, as the class moves to meet its intellectual, personal, and emotional needs. Does a person-centered education bring results? We have a definitive answer from research. For ten years Dr. David Aspy has led research studies aimed at finding out whether human, person-centered attitudes in the classroom have any measurable effects and if so what these effects are. He collected 3,700 recorded classroom hours from 550 elementary and high school teachers and used rigorous scientific methods to analyze the results. He and his colleague, Dr. Flora Roebuck, have found that students of more person-centered teachers contrast sharply with students of teachers who are less person-centered. #RandolphHarris 17 of 26
The students showed greater gains in learning conventional subjects. They were more adept at using their higher cognitive processes such as problem solving. They had a more optimistic self-concept than was found in the other groups. They initiated more behaviour in the classroom. They exhibited fewer discipline problems. They had a lower rate of absence from school. They even showed an increase in I.Q. among their students. Teacher can improve their facilitative, person-centered attitudes with as little as fifteen hours of intensive training. Of significance for all of education is he finding that teachers improve in these attitudes only when their trainers exhibit a high level of these facilitative conditions. In ordinary terms this means that such attitudes are “caught,” experientially, from another. They are not simply intellectual learnings. These teachers have a more beneficial self-concept than less person-centered teachers. They are more self-disclosing to their students. They respond more to students’ feelings. They give more praise. They are more responsive to students ideas. They lecture less often. Geographical location of the classes, racial composition, or race of the teachers have not altered these feelings. Whether we are speaking of Black or White or Chicano teachers, Black or White, or Chicano students, classes in the North, the South, the Virgin Islands, England, Canada, or Israel, the findings are essentially the same. #RandolphHarris 18 of 26
To be someone’s disciple is to go farther in relationship than to be one’s student. Some disciples become lay disciples, who limit themselves to intellectual sharing only. The second is to become full disciples, who go all the way with one into the philosophical discipline and life. Dr. Aspy’s findings are confirmed in practical experience in medical education. The Medical School of McMaster University has taken a person-centered facilitative approach to the training of physicians. Though these young men and women have never had the conventional medical courses, they have learned intensively for three years the medical knowledge they need to deal with patients. They show up very well on the tough Canadian licensing exam, and in addition are more creative and humane. As another example, nine hundred of the top-ranking medical educators in the United States of America, concerned about the dehumanizing effects of medical training, have enlisted in the program, Human Dimensions in Medical education. In intensive four and ten-day conferences they have learned to listen, to be more person-centered in their teachings, to be more communicative in their personal relationships. The changes in some of the medical schools are already striking. Whether at the elementary, high school, college or graduate level, person-centered attitudes pay off, changing the politics of education in the process. #RandolphHarris 19 of 26
We must not make ourselves and our “survival” the ultimate point of reference in our World—must not, in effect, treat ourselves as God should be treated, or treat ourselves as God. Thus Paul shockingly said, “Covetousness is idolatry,” reports Colossians 3.5. Is not that somewhat exaggerated? No. Covetousness is self-idolatry, for it makes my desires paramount. It means I would take what I want if I could. To defeat covetousness, we learn to rejoice that others enjoy the benefits they do. Many members of the Church are led into sin by unbelievers—Alma is promised eternal life—those who repent ad are baptized gain forgiveness—Church members in sin who repent and confess to Alma and to the Lord will be forgiven; otherwise, they will not be numbered among the people of the Church. About 120-100 Before Christ. “Now it came to pass that there were many of the rising generation that could not understand the words of king Benjamin, being little children at the time he spake unto his people; and they did not believe the tradition of their fathers. They did not believe what had been said concerning the resurrection of the dead, neither did they believe concerning the coming of Christ. And now because of their unbelief they could not understand the word of God; and their hearts were hardened. #RandolphHarris 20 of 26
“And they would not be baptized neither would they join the church. And they were a separate people as to their faith, and remained so ever after, even in their carnal, and sinful state; for they would not call upon the Lord their God. And now in the reign of Mosiah they were not half so numerous as the people of God; but because of the dissension among the brethren they became more numerous. For it came to pass that they did deceive many with their flattering words, who were in the church, and did cause them to commit many sins; therefore it came expedient that those who committed sin, that were in the church, should be admonished by the church. And it came to pass that they were brought before the priests, and delivered up unto the priests brought them before Alma, who was the high priest. Now king Mosiah had given Alma the authority over the church. And it came to pass that Alma did not know concerning them; but there were many witnesses against them; yea, the people stood and testified of their iniquity in abundance. Now there had not any such thing happened before in the church; therefore Alma was troubled in his spirit, and he caused that they should be brought before the king. And he said unto the king: Behold, here are many whom we have brought before thee, who are accused of their brethren; yea, and they have been taken in divers iniquities. #RandolphHarris 21 of 26
“And they do not repent of their iniquities; therefore we have brought them before thee, that thou mayest judge them according to their crimes. However, king Mosiah said unto Alma: Behold, I judge them not; therefore I deliver them into thy hands to be judged. And now the spirit of Alma was again troubled; and he went and inquired of the Lord what he should do wrong in the sight of God. And it came to pass that after he had poured out his whole soul to God, the voice of the Lord came to him, saying: Blessed art thou, Alma, and blessed are they who were baptized in the waters of Mormon. Thou art blessed because of thy exceeding faith in the words alone of my servant Abinadi. And blessed art thou, Alma, and blessed are they who were baptized in the waters of Mormon. Thou art blessed because of thy exceeding faith in the words spoken unto them. And blessed art thou because thou hast established a church among this people; and they shall be established, and they shall be my people. Yes, blessed is this people who are willing to bear my name; for in my name shall they be called and they are mine. And because thou hast inquired of me concerning the transgressor, thou art blessed. Thou art my servant; and I covenant with thee that thou shalt have eternal life; and thou shalt serve me and go forth in my name, and shalt gather together my sheep. #RandolphHarris 22 of 26
“And one that will hear my voice shall be my sheep; and one shall ye receive into the church, and one will I also receive. For behold, this is my church; whosoever is baptized shall be baptized unto repentance. And whosoever ye receive shall believe in my name; and one will I freely forgive. For it is I that taketh upon me the sins of the World; for it is I that hath created them; and it is I that granteth unto one that believeth unto the end a place at my right hand. For behold, in my name are they called; and if they know me they shall come forth, and shall have a place eternally at my right hand. And it shall come to pass that when the second trump shall sound then shall they that never knew me come forth and shall stand before me. And then shall they know that I am the Lord their God, that I am their Redeemer; but they would not be redeemed. And then I will confess unto them that I never knew them; and they shall depart into everlasting fire prepared for the devil and his angels. Therefore I say unto you, that one will not hear my voice, the same shall ye not receive into my church, for one I will not receive at the last day. Therefore I say unto you, Go; and whosoever transgreseth against me, one shall ye judge according to the sins which one has committed; and if one confess one’s sins before thee and me, and repenteth in the sincerity of one’s heart, one shall ye forgive, and I will forgive one also. #RandolphHarris 23 of 26
“Yea, and as often as my people repent will I forgive them their trespasses against me. And ye shall also forgive one another your trespasses; for verily I say unto you, one that forgiveth not one’s neighbour’s trespasses when one says that one repents, the same hat brought oneself under condemnation. Now I say unto you, Go; and whosoever will not repent of one’s sins the same shall not be numbered among my people; and this shall be observed from this time forward. And it came to pass when Alma had heard these words one wrote them down that one might have them, and that one might judge the people of that church according to the commandments of God. And it came to pass that Alma went and judged those that had been taken in iniquity, according to the word of the Lord. And whosoever repented of their sins and did confess them, them one did number among the people of the church; and those that would not confess their sins and repent of their iniquity, the same were not numbered among the people of the church, and their names were blotted out. And it came to pass that Alma did regulate all the affairs of the church; and they began again to have peace and to prosper exceedingly in the affairs of the church, walking circumspectly before God, receiving many, and baptizing many. #RandolphHarris 24 of 26
“And now all these things did Alma and his fellow labourers do who were over the church, walking in all diligence, teaching the word of God in all things, suffering all manner of afflictions, being persecuted by all those who did not belong to the church of God. And they did admonish their brethren, and they were also admonished, every one by the word of God, according to one’s sins, or to the sins which one had committed, being commanded of God to pray without ceasing, and to give thanks in all things,” reports Mosiah 26.1-39. Supreme Ruler of the Visible and Invisible Worlds, my heart is drawn out to Thee for Thy amazing grace and condescension. Thou hast kept my conversion fresh before me, that season of my first spiritual comfort when I passed through the Red Sea by a way I did no expect. I rejoiced then for that unthought-of passage, that delivered me from the fear and lively in my mind. My soul melts when I think of Thy says of old with me, when a poor worthless creature without wisdom to direct or strength to help myself was laid under the happy necessity of living upon Thee and finding Thy consolations large. Thou art my divine treasury in whom all fullness dwells, my life, hope, joy, peace, glory, end; may I be daily more and more conformed to Thee, with the meekness and calmness of the Lamb in my soul. #RandolphHarris 25 of 26
My I also feel a sense of the felicity of Heaven, where I long to join angels free from imperfections, where in me the image of my adored Saviour will be completely restored, so that I may be fit for his enjoyments and employments. I am not afraid to look the king of terrors in the face, for I know I shall be drawn, no driven, out of the World. Until then let me continually glow and burn out for Thee, and when the last great change shall come let me awake in Thy likeness, leaving behind me an example that will glorify Thee while my spirit rejoices in Heaven, and my memory is blessed upon Earth, with those who follow me praising Thee for my life. O God, Who visitest the humble, and consolest us by the affection of our brethren; please extend Thy grace to our fellowship, that by means of those in whom Thou dwellest, we may feel that Thou art come to visit us; through Jesus Christ our Lord. O God, Who makest manifest to us in Thy servants the signs of Thine own Presence, send forth upon us the Spirit of love; that by coming of our brethren and fellow-servants, Thy bountiful grace may be increased in ourselves; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Bless, O Lord, Thy gifts, which we are about to receive from Thy bounty. May Thy gifts, O Lord, be our refreshment, and Thy grace our consolation; through our Lord. #RandolphHarris 26 of 26
Set the stage and dim the lights—doing the dishes is an event with an under-mount kitchen sink like this one. 🎟
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We have been satisfied, O Lord, with Thy gifts and bounties. Please fill us with Thy mercy, Who art blessed, Who with the Father will always lift the veil and allow us to come into sympathetic and receptive contact with the Kingdom of Heaven and your Divine Will. #CresleighHomes
The Health of Nations is More Important than the Wealth of Nations!
The people’s judgment is not always true; the most may err a grossly as the few. The primary purpose of goal setting is to pull change in the direction you have chosen—one which fits your expertise and overall plan. Governance is more than just the structure and administration of a nation’s government. It is the rules and rulers, the law, and the bureaucracy embedded in the system of that government, it is about the relationship between the state and the individual. The various theories of justice, including the polity, law, structure, communication, and administration of governance are rooted in democracy as a governance system that emphasizes the “rule by the people” and citizenship, participation, and communication. A republic is a governance system in which the constitution is seen as an essential document organizing the collective will and rule of law. Governance systems of anarchy promote the idea that humankind should have the individual liberty to act in accordance to their own will and absent of constraint. Communism and theocracy are both governance ideas which emphasize a government that is “absolute” in rule and regulation in order to maintain a stronger communal liberty. Equality in the United States of American is supposed to be so great in both fortune and intellect that the strength of democracy will spread throughout the World. #RandolphHarris 1 of 19
Within this democratic republic are core theories of justice, such as contractarianism and egalitarianism. This view holds that a social contract is assembled by the collective will of the people, along with guiding principles of equality and joint responsibility. Integration of differing theories of justice intersect and work in agreement toward a stronger and fairer governance structure of democratic republic, and this self-governance is the goal of justice. However, at times, the law can be guilty of the very iniquity which it was its mission to punish! All people have a right of defending, even by force, one’s person, one’s liberty, and one’s property. However, much like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., “We believe in law and order. We are not advocating violence. We want to love our enemies. Hate begets hate; violence begets violence; toughness begets a greater toughness. We must meet the forces of hate with the power of love. Our aim must never be to defeat or humiliate, but to win one’s friendship and understanding.” Systems of justice within governance must reflect the goal of equality of basic conditions for everyone. One cannot dismantle the master’s house with the master’s tools. The tools may allow us temporarily to beat one at one’s own game, but they will never enable us to bring about genuine change. #RandolphHarris 2 of 19
To consider the consequences of unresolved conflicts is to enter a seemingly limitless territory and one that has been little explored. We could, perhaps, approach it by embarking on a discussion of certain symptomatic disorders like depression, alcoholism, epilepsy, or schizophrenia, hoping thereby to gain a better understanding of particular disturbances. I prefer, however, to examine it from a more general vantage point and to pose the question: What do unresolved conflicts do to our energies, our integrity, and our happiness? I adopt this approach because it is my conviction that we cannot grasp the significance of any symptomatic disorder without an understanding of its fundamental human basis. The tendency in modern psychiatry to reach for a handy theoretical formulation to account for existing syndromes is not unnatural in view of the need of the clinician whose job it is to deal with them. However, to do so is as little feasible, let alone scientific, as for a construction engineer to build the top floors of a building before laying the foundation. Some of the elements that enter into our question have already been mentioned and need only be elaborated here. Others are implicit in our previous discussions; still other will have to be added. #RandolphHarris 3 of 19
Our aim is to leave the reader not with some vague notion that unresolved conflicts are injurious but to convey a fairly clear and comprehensive picture of the havoc they inflict on the personality. Living with unresolved conflicts involves primarily a devastating waste of human energies, occasioned not only be the conflicts themselves but by all the devious attempts to remove them. When a person is basically divided one can never put one’s energies wholeheartedly into anything but wants always to pursue two or more incompatible goals. This means that one will either scatter one’s energies or actively frustrate one’s efforts. The former is true of persons whose idealized image, like Peer Gynt’s, lures them into believing that they can excel in everything. A woman, in this case, want to be an ideal mother, a perfect cook and hostess, dress well, play a prominent social and political role, be a devoted wife, have affairs outside marriage and do productive work of her own to boot. Needless to say, this cannot be done; she will be bound to fail in all these pursuits, and her energies—no matter how potentially gifted she is—will be wasted. Of more general relevance is the frustration of a single pursuit where incompatible motivations block each other. A man may want to be a good friend but be so domineering and demanding that his potentialities in this direction are never realized. #RandolphHarris 4 of 19
Another wants his children to get on in the World, but his drive for personal power and his insistent rightness interfere. Someone want to write a book but get a splitting headache or is seized with a deadly fatigue whenever he cannot immediately formulate what he wants to say. In this instance it is again the idealized image that is responsible: since he is the mastermind, why should not brilliant thoughts flow from his pen like rabbits from a magician’s hat? And when they do not, he bursts with rage at himself. Someone else may have an idea of real value that he wants to present at a meeting. However, one wishes not only to express it in a way that will be impressive and put others in the shade; one also wants to be liked and to avoid antagonizing, and at the same time anticipates ridicule because of this externalization of one’s self-contempt. The result is that he cannot think at all and the pertinent thought he might have produced never reaches fruition. Still another could be a good organizer but by reason of one’s sadistic trends antagonizes everyone around one. If we look at ourselves and those about us, it is hardly necessary to give further examples because all of us can find plenty of them. There is an apparent exception to this lack of clear direction. #RandolphHarris 5 of 19
Sometimes neurotic persons show a curious single-mindedness of purpose: men many sacrifice everything including their own dignity to their ambition; women may want nothing of life but love; parents may devote their entire interest to their children. Such persons give the impression of wholeheartedness. However, as we have shown, they are actually pursuing a mirage which appears to offer a solution of their conflicts. The apparent wholeheartedness is one of desperation rather than of integration. It is not the conflicting needs and impulses alone that consume and dissipate energies. Other factors in the protective structure have the same effect. There is the eclipse of whole areas of the personality due to the suppression of parts of the basic conflict. The parts eclipsed are still sufficiently active to interfere, but they cannot be put to constructive use. The process thus constitutes a loss of energy that might otherwise be used for self-assertion, for co-operation, or for establishing good human relationships. There is, to mention only one other factor, the alienation from self that robs a person of one’s motor force. One can still be a good worker, one may even be able to make a considerable effort when put under external pressure, but he collapses when left to his own resources. This does not only mean that he cannot do anything constructive or enjoyable with his free time; it means nothing less than that all his creative forces may go to waste. #RandolphHarris 6 of 19
For the most part, a variety of factors combine to create large areas of diffuse inhibition. In order to understand and eventually remove a single inhibition, we usually have to come back to it again and again, tackling it from all the angles we have discussed. Waste or misdirection of energy can stem from three major disturbances, all symptomatic of unresolved conflicts. One of these is a general indecisiveness. It may be prevalent in everything, from trifles to matters of greatest personal importance. There may be an endless wavering whether to eat this dish or that, whether to buy this or that suitcase, whether to go to the movies or listen to the radio. It may be impossible to decide on a career or on any step within a career; to decide between two women; to decide whether or not to get a divorce; whether to die or to live. A decision that must be made and that would be irrevocable is a real ordeal and may leave a person panic-stricken and exhausted. Though their indecisiveness may be marked, people are often unaware of it because they unconsciously exert every effort to avoid decision. They procrastinate; they allow themselves to be swayed by chance or else leave the decision to someone else. They may also becloud issues to a degree that leaves no basis upon which to make a decision. The aimlessness that follows from all this is likewise not usually apparent to the person oneself. #RandolphHarris 7 of 19
The many unconscious devices employed to cover up pervasive indecision account for the comparative rarity with which analysts hear complaints about what is actually a common disorder. Another typical manifestation of divided energies is a general ineffectualness. I do not have in mind here an inaptitude in a particular field, which might be due to lack of training or interest in the subject. Nor is it a question of untapped energies such as William James describes in a most interesting paper pointing to the fact that a reservoir of energy becomes available when one does not succumb to the first sigh of fatigue, or under pressure of external circumstances. In effectualness in this context is that which results from a person’s incapacity to exert one’s best efforts by reason of one’s inner crosscurrents. It is as if one were driving a care with the brakes on; inevitably the car is slowed down. Sometimes this is literally applicable. Everything a person attempts may be done much more slowly than either one’s abilities or the inherent difficult of the task would warrant. Not that one makes insufficient effort; on the contrary, one must put in an inordinate amount of effort into anything one does. It may take one hours, for instance, to write a simple reports r master a simple mechanical device. #RandolphHarris 8 of 19
What exactly impedes one suffering from ineffectualness of course varies. One may unconsciously rebel against what one feels as coercion; one may be driven to perfect every minute detail; one may be furious at oneself—as in an example above—for not acquitting oneself superbly at the first attempt. The ineffectualness does not only manifest itself in slowness; I may also appear in awkwardness or forgetfulness. If one secretly feels it is unfair, gifted as one is, a domestic worker or a housewife will not do one’s work well because it is beneath one to do such menial work. And one’s ineffectualness will usually not be confined to this particular activity but will pervade all one’s endeavours. From the subjective standpoint this means working under strain, with the inevitable consequences of becoming easily exhausted and needing much sleep. Any kind of work under these conditions is bound to take more out of a person, just as if a car is drive with locked brakes, it will suffer. The inner strain—and the ineffectualness as well—is present not only in work but also to a very marked degree in dealing with people. If someone wants to be friendly but at the same time resent the idea because one feels it to be ingratiating, one will be stilted; if one wants to ask for something but also feels one should command it, one will be ungracious; if one wants to assert oneself but also to comply, one will be hesitant. #RandolphHarris 9 of 19
Similarly, if one wants to make contact people but anticipate rejection, one will be sky; if one wants to have pleasures of the flesh but also wants to frustrate the partner, one will be frigid—and so on. The more pervasive he countercurrents, the greater the strain of living. Some persons are aware of such inner strain; more often they become aware of it only if under special conditions it is increased; sometimes it strikes them only by contrast with the few occasion when they can relax, feel at ease, and be spontaneous. For the resulting fatigue they usually hold other factors responsible—a weak constitution, an overdose of work, a lack of sleep. Any of these, it is true, may play a role, but a much less significant one than is ordinarily believed. In contrast, a self-actualized person’s state will not be easily discernible to others, unless they happen to be the few who are themselves sufficiently advanced and sufficiently sensitive to appreciate it. Yet it is one’s duty to announce the glorious news of its discovery, to publish the titanic fact of its existence. However, one will do so in one’s own way, according to one’s own charactertistics and circumstances. One will not need to announce it in a speech, or print in it a book; one will not publish the fact in daily newspapers or shout it from the housetops. #RandolphHarris 10 of 19
One’s whole life will be the best announcement, the grandest publication. Without oneself being a priest, one performs the true priestly office. The strange and sweet spell flung forever over sensitive, ripe, and ready minds by the self-actualized, when one uses one’s wisdom and goodness, is like a caduceus to enchant them into becoming seekers after truth. One is a prophet without a church, a teacher without a school, a reformer without an institution. The adept can do much more through the prestige of true ideas set down in writing than through the mechanical efforts of any formal organization, more by helping individuals than by creating a collective body which would one day exploit them. One is the abstract, far-off ideal, but embodied visibly for our benefit and put near us for our inspiration. Can one person transfer spiritual grace to another? If by grace if meant here can one give a glimpse of God to another, the answer is Yes!—if the other is worthy, sensitive, and above al karmically ready. Ne can if the other person is capable of absorbing the stimulus radiated to one. In the case of those who are ready for it or who have affinity with one, a master may be able to bring about a temporary illuminating glimpse through one’s inner contact with the other person by the power of one’s spiritual force. This force can be expressed through the Master’s spoken words or in silent meditation. #RandolphHarris 11 of 19
Traditional subjective faith results from a divine light which is freely accepted. It formally constitutes the saving element of faith. However, this subjective faith cannot be analysed alone, for it never exists without an object. This object, as we have said, comes from the Church: we are told what the Church believes and, enlightened by God, we believe it too. In scholastic terms, subjective and objective faith are likened to form and matter; and as philosophers know, there is neither form without matter, nor matter without form. The Reformation, with its dislike of scholasticism, avoided these terms; but it maintained their purpose: subjective faith was essentially correlative to objective belief. Where a distinction existed, one sees a separation. Admittedly, faith always has a concrete content. The content matters infinitely for the life of the believer, but does not matter for the formal definition of faith. We thus face a strange paradox: what matters infinitely for the believer does not concern the nature of one’s faith. How can this be, if faith is infinite concern? Subjective faith could stand by itself, without a concrete content. There is nothing in faith but faith itself: what is called absolute faith is the accepting of the acceptance without somebody or something that accepts. Those who are always hoping to receive full enlightenment from a master, exaggerate the service one can render. #RandolphHarris 12 of 19
The most that a master can give is a glimpse, and that not to everyone. Those who penetrate into the holy of holies bless the World when they bring forth the treasures they find therein. What they achieve and accomplish mentally in the period of prayer, they will later express automatically in action during the days that follow. Theirs is the balanced life which is true sanity, so lacking in modern existence. Neither the Unconditioned nor something unconditional is meant as a being, not even the highest being, not even God. Yet faith cannot exist without a person believing something, without a subject and an object. Unless one is bidden from the higher power (and one is sure of the source) to become an apostle, one will not take on the task of making available to others in such a public fashion, truths which most are not ready enough to recognize, which would create bewilderment or scorn in their minds. Nor, again, will one communicate privately without the inner command and thus become a leader to others. The awareness that one existed on this planet made its grievous and troubled life more bearable, gave a little meaning to what seemed otherwise quite chaotic. For one’s own higher development reminded, nay assured, us that there was some sort of an evolution going on, that there was a goal and a purpose behind it all. Thus, merely to know that this being was alive, even though we might never again meet one and could never hope to become intimate with one, sustained our faith in Life itself and helped us to live. #RandolphHarris 13 of 19
The prayers of such a being are not lightly uttered nor egotistically born. Therefore they are always heard and generally answered. One can communicate to others something of one’s mystical enlightenment through words and something of one’s mystical serenity through silence. One carries with one a perpetual blessing, although it is seldom possible for those who identify themselves with their fleshly bodies to receive this unheralded gift with their conscious minds. Faith is the true reading of human’s existential estrangement as a relating estrangement, as a healing wound. This means that one has given faith a preliminary content distinct from its concrete content. Thus faith appears on three levels: as subjective it is ultimate concern; as content of this concern, it is reunion in estrangement, forgiveness in guilt, ground of being in separation from this ground; as objective, related to a concrete content, it is still a third phenomenon. The Fall of Man is the existential condition that inspired human’s desire for salvation—the quest for Christ. The Christian document of original sin is a theological explanation of estrangement. As such it belongs to Christology: Christ, by hypothesis, will bring salvation from this basic anguish of existence. It belongs a fortiori to a theology of faith. #RandolphHarris 14 of 19
If faith implies awareness of estrangement and courage to endorse and bear estrangement, it also implies knows of “original sin” and rests on the experience of the fall of man. What the legend of the Fall tells humankind in general, faith discovers in each person: that existence is tragic this tragic element, if accepted, becomes a way to holiness and peace. In such a perspective, faith experiences the Fall. Christ will be as a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense—seek the Lord, not peeing wizards—turn to the law and to the testimony for guidance—compare Isaiah 8. About 559-545 Before Christ. “Moreover, the word of the Lord said to me: Take thee a great roll, and write in it with a human’s pen, concerning Maher-shalal-hash-baz. And I took unto me faithful witnesses to record, Uriah the priest, and Zecharish the son of Jeberechiah. And I went unto the prophetess; and she conceived and bare a son. Then said the Lord to me: Call his name, Maher-salal-has-baz. For behold, the child shall not have knowledge to cry, My father, and my mother, before the riches of Damascus and the spoil of Samaria shall be taken away before the king Assyria. The Lord spake also unto me again, saying: Forasmuch as this people refuseth the waters of Shiloah that go softly, and rejoice in Rezin and Remaliah’s son; Now therefore, behold the Lord bringeth upon them the waters of the river, strong and many, even the king of Assyria and all his glory; and he shall come up over all his banks. #RandolphHarris 15 of 19
“And he shall pass through Judah; he shall overflow and go over, he shall reach even to the neck; and the stretching out of his wings shall fill the breadth of thy land, O Immanuel. Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear all ye of far countries; grid yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces; gird yourselves, and ye shall be broken in pieces. Take counsel together, and it shall come to naught; speak the word, and it shall not stand; for God is with us. For the Lord spake thus to me with a strong hand, and instructed me that I should not walk in the way of this people, saying: Say ye not, A confederacy, to all whom this people shall say, A confederacy; neither fear ye their fear, nor be afraid. Sanctify the Lord of Hosts himself, and let hum be your fear, and let him be your dread. And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling, and for a rock of offense to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem. And many among them shall stumble and fall, and be broken, and be snared, and be taken. Bind up the testimony, seal the law among my disciples. And I will wait upon the Lord, that hideth his face from the house of Jacob, and I will look for him. Behold, I am the children whom the Lord hath given me are for signs and wonders in Israel from the Lord of Hosts, which dwelleth in Mount Zion. #RandolphHarris 16 of 19
“And when they shall say unto you: Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep and mutter—should not a people seek unto their God for the living to hear from the dead? To the law and to the testimony; and if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them. And they shall pass through it hardly bestead and hungry; and it shall come to pass that when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse their king and their God, and look upward. And they shall look unto the Earth and behold trouble, and darkness, dimness of anguish, and shall be driven to darkness,” reports 2 Nephi 18.1-22. We sinners do beseech Thee, please hear us. That it may please Thee to defend and exalt Thy Church; we beseech Thee, Lord Jesus, to please hear us. That is may please Thee to grant to Thy Church the tranquility of peace; that it may please Thee to put down the enemies of God’s Holy Church; that it may please Thee to defend us from dangerous enemies; that it may please Thee to preserve the people, and our pastor and chief, and the flock committed to him; that it may please Thee to preserve the Queen in perpetual prosperity; that it may please Thee to preserve all orders of the Church, the clergy and laity, and the whole people; that it may please Thee to make us persevere in good works. #RandolphHarris 17 of 19
Furthermore, that it may please Thee to give us celestial armour against the devil; that Thy mercy and pity may keep us safe; that Thou wouldest give us the will and the power to repent in earnest; that it may please Thee to give us pardon of all sins; that it may please Thee to give us right faith, firm hope in Thy goodness, and perfect live, and constant fear of Thee; that it may please Thee to remove evil thoughts from us; that it may please Thee to pour in our souls the grace of the Holy Spirit; that it may please Thee to give us perpetual light; that it may please Thee to give us a happy end; that it may please Thee to bring us to everlasting joys; that it may please Thee to hear us; Son of God; O Lamb of God, please give us pardon. O Lamb of God, please hear us. Please give perfection to beginners, give intelligence to the little ones, give us assistance to those who are running their course. Please give compunction to the negligent, give fervour of spirit to the lukewarm, give to the perfect a good consummation. O Lover of the loveless, it is Thy will that I should love Thee with heart, soul, mind, strength, and neighbour as myself. However, I am not sufficient for these things. There is by nature no pure love in my soul; every affection in me is turned from Thee; I am bound, as slave to lust, I cannot love Thee, lovely as Thou art, until Thou dost set me free. #RandolphHarris 18 of 19
By grace I am Thy freeperson and would serve Thee, for I believe Thou art my God in Jesus, and that through Him I am redeemed, and my sins are forgiven. With this freedom I would always obey Thee, but I cannot walk in liberty, anymore than I could first attain it, of myself. May Thy Spirit draw me nearer to Thee and Thy ways, please. Thou art the end of all mean, for if they lead me not to Thee, I go away empty. Please order all my ways by Thy holy word and please make Thy commandments the joy of my heart, that by them I may have happy converse with Thee. May I grow in Thy love and manifest it to humankind. Spirit of love, make me like the loving Jesus; please give me His benevolent temper, His beneficent actions, that I may shine before people to Thy glory. The more Thou doest in love in me and by me, please humble me the more; keep me meek, lowely, and always ready to give Thee honour. May hope spring eternal in the human heart; people never is, but always to be blessed. To err is human, to forgive is divine. If thou must love me, let it be for naught except for love’s sake only. God’s gifts put humans best gifts to shame. Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive; easy to govern but impossible to enslave. My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight for the ends of Being and ideal Grace. The night has a thousand eyes, and the day but one; yet the light of the bright World dies with the dying Sun. #RandolphHarris 19 of 19
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Come to Me and You Will Find Rest in Your Souls–I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End!
We often worry about what we will be tomorrow, but do not take into account that we are somebody today. Life should be a place of learning suffused with excitement, engagement, passion, challenge, creativity, and joy. When we are in the minority, that is when the test of courage comes; when we are in the majority is when the test of acceptance comes. It is our destiny and the destiny of everything in the World that we must come to an end. Very end that we experience in nature and humankind speaks to us with a loud voice: you also will come to an end! It may reveal itself in the farewell to a place where we have lived for a long time, the separation from the fellowship of intimate associates, the death of someone near to us. Or it may become apparent to us in the failure of a work that gave meaning to us, the end of a whole period of life, the approach of old age, or even in the melancholy side of nature visible in autumn. All this tells us: you will also come to an end. Whenever we are shaken by this voice reminding us of our end, we ask anxiously—what does it mean that we have a beginning and an end, that we come from the darkness of the not yet, and rush ahead towards the darkness of the no more? When Augustine asked this question, he began his attempt to answer it with a prayer. And it is right to do so, because praying means elevating oneself to the eternal. #RandolphHarris 1 of 16
In fact, there is no other way of judging time than to see it in the light of the eternal. In order to judge something, one must be partly within it, partly out of it. If we were totally within time, we would not be able to elevate ourselves in prayer, meditation and thought, to the eternal. We would be children of time like all other creatures and could not ask the question of the meaning of time. However, as human beings we are aware of the eternal to which we belong and from which we are estranged by the bondage of time. We speak of time in three ways or modes—the past, present, and future. Every child is aware of them, but no wise being has ever penetrated their mystery. We become aware of them when we hear a voice telling us: you also will come to an end. It is the future that awakens us to the mystery of time. Time runs from the beginning to the end, but our awareness of times goes in the opposite direction. It starts with the anxious anticipation of the end. In the light of the future we see the past and present. So let us first consider our going into the future and towards the end that is the last point that we can anticipate in out future. The image of the future produces contrasting feelings in beings. The expectation of the future gives one a feeling of joy. We may even learn to recapture the will to laugh and the art of laughing at will. #RandolphHarris 2 of 16
It is a great thing to have a future in which one can actualize one’s possibilities, in which one can experience the abundance of life, in which one can create something new—be it new work, a new way of life, or the regeneration of one’s own being. Courageously one goes ahead towards the new, especially in the earlier part of one’s own life. However, this feeling struggles with other ones: the anxiety about what is hidden in the future, the ambiguity of everything it will bring us, the shortness of its duration that decreases with every year of our life and becomes shorter the nearer we come to the unavoidable end. And finally the end itself, with its impenetrable darkness and the threat that one’s whole existence in time will be judged as a failure. Therefore, it may be a good idea to think before one speaks, and read before one thinks. This may give one something to think about that we did not make up ourselves—a wise move at any age, but most especially at seventeen, when one is at the greatest danger of coming to annoying conclusions. We want to be in the pursuit of knowledge, and not knowledge in the pursuit of us. The goal is to fully realize the wealth of sympathy, kindness, and generosity hidden in our souls. The effort of every true education should be to unlock that treasure. #RandolphHarris 3 of 16
How do beings, how do you, react to this image of the future with its hope and threat and inescapable end? Probably most of us react by looking at the immediate future, anticipating it, working for it, hoping for it, being anxious about it, while cutting off from our awareness the future which is farther away, and above all, by cutting off from our consciousness the end, the last moment of our future. Perhaps we could not live without doing so most of our time. However, perhaps we will not be able to die if we always do so. And if one is not able to die, is one really about to live? How do we react if we become aware of the inescapable end contained in our future? Are we able to bear it, to take its anxiety into a courage that faces ultimate darkness? Or are we thrown into utter hopelessness? Do we hope against hope, or do we repress our awareness of the end because we cannot stand it? Repressing the consciousness of our end expresses itself in several ways. Many try to do so by putting the expectation of a long life between now and the end. For them it is decisive that the end be delayed. Even old people who are near the end do this, for they cannot endure the fact that the end will not be delayed much longer. Many people realize this deception and hope for a continuation of this life after death. They expect an endless future in which they may achieve or possess what has been denied them in this life. #RandolphHarris 4 of 16
This attitude that we will achieve our hearts desires in the after life is a prevalent attitude about the future, and also a very simple one. It denies that there is an end. It refuses to accept that we are creatures, that we come from the eternal ground of time and return to the eternal ground of time and have received a limited span of time as our time. It replaces eternity by endless future. However, endless future is without a final aim; it repeats itself and could well be described as an image of hell. This is not the Christian way of dealing with the end. The Christian message says the eternal stands above past and future. “I am the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end.” The Christian message acknowledges that time runs towards an end, and that we move towards the end of that time which is our time. Many people—but not the Bible—speak loosely of the “hereafter” or the “life after death.” Even in our liturgies eternity is translated by “World without end.” However, the World, by its very nature, is that which comes to an end. If we want to speak in truth without foolish, wishful thinking, we should speak about the eternal that is neither timelessness nor endless time. The mystery of the future is answered in the eternal of which we may speak in images taken from time. However, if we forget that the images are images, we fall into absurdities and self-deceptions. There is no time after time, but there is eternity above time. #RandolphHarris 5 of 16
Time is like a jigsaw puzzle. Each edge piece of a puzzle interlocks with two others to form the puzzle’s framework and give structure and support to the puzzle as a whole. Each piece has a unique design and cut that ensures just the right place to fit within the puzzle. Each morning, people from the edge pieces that interlock to create a safe environment and give support to one another and the whole. Each morning, they provide just the right place for every individual to fit safely and securely. The community members are strength and stability, and like the edge pieces, they do not stand alone in this responsibility. There are always others to support and assist, ensuring that every person has a place. The spirits temper the movements of bodily parts. Some infectious diseases are chiefly in the spirits, and not so much in the humours. We have complex and contradictory feelings toward the freedom and independence and self-determination of the individuals and countries: we desire these and are proud of the past support we have given to such tendencies, and yet we are often frightened by what they may mean. We tend to value and respect the dignity and worth of each individual, yet when we are frightened, we move away from this direction. Suppose we presented ourselves in some such fashion, openly and transparently, in our foreign relations. We would be attempting to be the nation which we truly are, in all our complexity and even contradictoriness. What would be the result? #RandolphHarris 6 of 16
If we, as a country, were more open and transparent in our foreign relations, it seems the results would be similar to the experiences of a client when one is more truly that which he or she is. Let us look at some of the probable outcomes. We would be much more comfortable, because we would have nothing to hide. We could focus on the problem at hand, rather than spending our energies to prove that we are moral or consistent. We could use all of our creative imagination in solving the problem, rather than in defending ourselves. We could openly advance both our selfish interests, and our sympathetic concern for others, and let these conflicting desires find the balance which is acceptable to us as a people. We could freely change and grow in our leadership position, because we would not be bound by rigid concepts of what we have been, must, ought to be. We would find that we were much less feared, because others would be less inclined to suspect what lies behind the façade. We would, by our own openness, tend to bring forth openness and realism on the part of others. We would tend to work out the solutions of World problems on the basis of the real issues involved, rather than in terms of the facades being worn by the negotiating parties. In short what I am suggesting by this fantasied example is that nations and organizations might discover, as have individuals, that it is a richly rewarding experience to be what one deeply is. #RandolphHarris 7 of 16
I am suggesting that this view contains the seeds of a philosophical approach to all of life, that it is more than a trend observed in the experience of clients. Feeling rules are what guide emotion work by establishing the sense of entitlement or obligation that governs emotional exchanges. This emotion system works privately, often free of observation. It is a vital aspect of deep private bonds and also affords a way of talking about them. It is a way of describing how—as parents and children, wives and husbands, friends and lovers—we intervene in feelings in order to shape them. What are feeling rules? How do we know they exist? How do they bear on deep acting? We may address these questions by focusing on the pinch between “what I do feel” and “what I should feel,” for at this spot we get our best view of emotional convention. Now, when we take a closer look at the whole person, we find that there are six basic aspects in our lives as individual human beings—six things inseparable from every human life. These together and in interplay make up human nature. Thought (images, concepts, judgments, inferences), feeling (sensation, emotion), choice (will, decision, character), body (action, interaction with the physical World), social context (personal and structural relations to others), and soul (the factor that integrates all of the above to form one life. #RandolphHarris 8 of 16
Simply put, every human being thinks (has a thought life), feels, chooses, interacts with one’s body and its social context, and (more of less) integrates all of the foregoing as parts of one life. These are the essential factors in a human being, and nothing essential to human life falls outside of them. The ideal of the spiritual life in the Christian understanding is one where all of the essential parts of the human self are effectively organized around Go, as they are restored and sustained by him. Spiritual formation in Christ is the process leading to that ideal end, and its result is love of God with all of the hearts, soul, mind, and strength, and of the neighbor as oneself. The human self is then fully integrated under God. The salvation or deliverance of the believer in Christ is essentially holistic or whole-life. David the psalmist, speaking of his own experience but prophetically expressing the understanding of Jesus the Messiah, said, “I bless the LORD who gives me counsel; in the night also my heart instructs me. I keep the LORD always before me; because he is at my right hand, I shall not be moved. Therefore my heart is glad, and my soul rejoices; my body also rests secure,” reports Psalm 16.7-9. Note how many aspects of the self are explicitly involved in this passage: the mind, the will, the feeling, the soul, and the body. #RandolphHarris 9 of 16
A major part of understanding spiritual formation in the Christian traditions is to follow closely the way the biblical writings repeatedly and emphatically focus on the various essential dimensions of the human being and their role in life as a whole. We will draw from spiritual understanding the incentive to keep on with our quest and the courage to set higher goals. To learn from God in this total-life immersion is ow we seek first His kingdom and His righteousness. The outcome is that we increasingly are able to do all things, speaking or acting, as I Christ were doing them. As apprentices of Christ we are not learning how to do some special religious activity, but how to live every moment of our live from the reality of God’s kingdom. I am learning how to live my actual life as Jesus would if He were me. No matter what my profession is, I am in full-time Christian service no less than someone who earns his or her living in a specifically religious role. Jesus stands beside me and teaches me in all I do to live in God’s World. He shows me how, in every circumstance, to reside in His word and thus be a genuine apprentice of His—His disciple indeed. This enables me to find the reality of God’s World everywhere I may be, and thereby to escape from enslavement to sin and evil. We become able to do what we know to be good and right, even when it is humanly impossible. Our lives and words become constant testimony of the reality of God. #RandolphHarris 10 of 16
When, for example, an architect facing a difficult architectural job, one must know how to integrate it into the kingdom of God as much as someone attempting to win another to Christ or preparing a lesson for a congregation. Until we are clear on this, we will have missed Jesus’ connection between life and God and will automatically exclude most of our everyday lives from the domain of faith and discipleship. Jesus lived most of His life on Earth as a blue-collar worker, someone we might describe today as an independent contractor. In His vocation He practiced everything He later taught about in life in the kingdom. It is important to move away from derogatory language against others, calling them twits, jerks, or idiots, and increasingly mesh with the respect and endearment for persons that naturally flows from God’s way. This in turn transforms all of my dealings with others into tenderness and makes the usual coldness and brutality of human relations, which lays a natural foundation for unspeakable actions, simply unthinkable. Our mind and heart will keep coming back to God’s grace. The grace of God is so inexhaustible and at times overwhelming. “Grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To him be glory both now and forever more! Amen,” reports 2 Peter 3.18. #RandolphHarris 11 of 16
Growing in the grace of God allows one to become acquainted with elements of our experience which have in the past been denied to awareness as too threatening, too damaging to the structure of the self. One finds one’s experiencing these feelings fully, completely, in the relationship, so that for the moment one is one’s fear, or one’s anger, or one’s tenderness, or one’s strength. And as one lives these widely varied feelings, in all their degrees of intensity, one discovers that one has experienced oneself, that one is all these feelings. One finds that one’s behavior changing in constructive fashion in accordance with one’s newly experienced self. One approaches the realization that one no longer needs to fear what experience may hold, but can welcome it freely as a part of one’s changing and developing self. However, it seems to me that the good life is not any fixed state. It is not, in my estimation, a state of virtue, or contentment, or nirvana, or happiness. It is not a condition in which the individual is adjusted, or fulfilled, or actualized. It is not a state of drive-reduction, or tension-reduction, or homeostasis. I believe that all of these terms have been used in ways which imply that if one or several of these states is achieved, then the goal of life have been achieved. Certainly, for many people happiness, or adjustment, are seen as states of being which are synonymous with the good life. #RandolphHarris 12 of 16
Social scientists have frequently spoken of the reduction of tension, or the achievement of homeostasis or equilibrium as if these states constituted the goal of the process of living. So it is with a certain amount of surprise and concern that I realize that my experience supports none of these definitions. If I focus on the experience of those individuals who seem to have evidenced the greatest degree of movement during the spiritual and therapeutic relationship, and who, in the years following this relationship, appear to have made and to be making real progress toward the good life, then it seems to me that they are not adequately described at all by any of these terms which refer to fixed states of being. I believe they would consider themselves insulted if they were described as adjusted, and they would regard it as false if they were described as happy or contented or even actualized. As I have known them I would regard it as most inaccurate to say that all their dive tensions have been reduced, or that they are in a state of homeostasis. So I am forced to ask myself whether there is any way in which I can generalize about their situation, any definition which I can give of the good life which would seem to fit the facts as I have observed them. I find this not at all easy, and what follows is stated very tentatively. #RandolphHarris 13 of 16
The good life is a process, not a state of being. It is a direction, not a destination. The direction which constitutes the good life is that which is selected by the total organism, when there is psychological freedom to move in any direction. This organismically selected direction seems to have certain discernible general qualities which appear to be the same in a wide variety of unique individuals. The good life, from the point of view of my experience, is the process of movement in a direction which the human organism selects when it is inwardly free to move in any direction, and the general qualities of this selected direction appear to have a certain universality. Many people, however, seem to be morally bankrupt—completely devoid of any decent moral qualities. And it is just about the worst thing you can say about a person. A lot of people are also spiritually bankrupt. Spiritual bankruptcy is a most absolute state. It means we have nothing to give to God. Salvation is a gift from God; it is entirely by grace through faith—not by works. People living the good life are righteous and the process seems to involve an increasing openness to the experience. It is the polar opposite of defensiveness. Defensiveness is an organism’s response to experiences which are perceived or anticipated as threatening, as incongruent with the individual’s existing picture of oneself, or of oneself in relationship to the World. #RandolphHarris 14 of 16
These threatening experiences are temporarily rendered harmless by being distorted in awareness, or being denied to awareness. I quite literally cannot see, with accuracy, those experiences, feelings, reactions in myself which are significantly at variance with the picture of myself which I already possess. A large part of the process of therapy is the continuing discovery by the client that one is experiencing feelings and attitudes which heretofore one has not been able to be aware of, which one has not been able to own as being a part of oneself. If a person could be fully open to one’s experience, however, every stimulus—whether originating within the organism or in the environment—would be freely relayed through the nervous system without being distorted by any defensive mechanism. There would be no need of the mechanism of subception whereby the organism is forewarned of any experience threatening to the self. On the contrary, whether the stimulus was the impact of a configuration of form, color, or sound in the environment on the sensory nerves, or a memory trace from the past, or visceral sensation of fear or pleasure or disgust, the person would be living it, would have it completely available to awareness. Thus, one aspect of this process which I am naming the good life appears to be a movement away from the pole of defensiveness toward the pole of openness to experience. #RandolphHarris 15 of 16
The individual living the good life is becoming more able to listen to oneself, to experience what is going on within oneself. One is more open to one’s feelings of fear and discouragement and pain. One is also more open to one’s feelings of courage, and tenderness, and awe. One is free to live one’s feelings subjectively, as they exist in one, and also free to be aware of these feelings. One is more able fully to live the experiences of one’s organism rather than shutting them off. Almighty and everlasting God, Who hast made known the Incarnation of Thy Word by the testimony of a glorious star, which when the wise men be held, they adored Thy Majesty with gifts; grant that the star of Thy righteousness may always appear in our hearts, and our treasure consist in giving thanks to Thee; through Jesus Christ our Lord. O God, the Enlightener of all nations, grant Thy people to enjoy perpetual peace; and pour into our hearts that radiant light which Thou didst shed into the minds of the wise men; thought Jesus Christ Our Lord. “Behold, O Lord, thou hast smitten us because of our iniquity, and hast driven us forth, and for these many years we have been in the wilderness; nevertheless, thou hast been merciful unto us. O Lord, look upon me in pity, and turn away thine anger from this thy people, and suffer not that they shall go forth across this raging deep in darkness; but behold these things which I have molten out of rock,” reports Ether 3.3. #RandolphHarris 16 of 16
CRESLEIGH MEADOWS AT PLUMAS RANCH
Plumas Lake, CA | from the mid $300’s
Coming Soon!
Cresleigh homes gives emphasis to detail and authenticity in their designs, remaining true to a style architecturally, while updating floor plans to create a modern, comfortable home. This combination of classic architectural style and easy livability add up to solid, long-lasting value. Today, there is a return to traditionalism and pure styles. People want the look and feel of an older home with the amenities and comforts of modern floor planning. Elaborate master bedroom suites, cozy country kitchens, libraries, media centers, and great rooms are all part of what makes a plan livable.
Cresleigh Meadows is coming soon! Found just north of Feather River Boulevard, Cresleigh Meadows is home of the largest neighborhood in Plumas Ranch as well as the popular Bear River Park. With four floor plans available, ranging from approximately 2,000 – 3,500 square feet offering, three to five bedrooms, we are certain you will find the home that fits your needs and lifestyle. Popular design elements include open floor plans, large kitchen islands, and flex spaces are staples in Cresleigh homes. Multi-generational living options also available in select homes. https://cresleigh.com/cresleigh-meadows-at-plumas-ranch/
Cans. Beer cans. Glinting on the verges of a million miles of roadways, lying in scrub, grass, dirt, leaves, sand, mud, but never hidden. Piel’s, Rheingold, Ballantine, Schaefer, Schlitz, shinning in the Sun, or picked by Moon or the beam of headlights at night; washed by rain or flattened by wheels, but never dulled, never buried, never destroyed. Here is the mark of savages, the testament of wasters, the stain of prosperity. These wise souls contemplated their past lives in a long wrathless reverie, and sought to answer prayers from below as I have said. They watched over their kindred, their clansmen, their own nations; they watched over those who attracted their attention with accomplished and spectacular displays of religiosity; they watched with sadness the suffering of humans and wished they could help and tried to help by thought when they could. However, who are these beings who defile the grassy borders of our roads and lanes, who pollute our ponds, who spoil the purity of our ocean beaches with the empty vessels of their thirst? Who are the beings who make these vessels in millions and then say, “Drink—and discard”? What society is this that can afford to cast away a million tons of metal and to make of wild and fruitful land a garbage heap? #RandolphHarris 1 of 14