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Chicken, Chicken! why did you Not have Beef or Moose Meat Stew?
Living bodies are machines, but machines directed toward the fulfillment of God’s purposes. My father was a business man and I am a business man, too! I want this philosophical work to be businesslike, to settle things. Sometimes, lighthearted moments become somber, when one is dismayed by the insincerity, vanity, and coldness of the human heart. Two people can be friends only if both of them are pure, so that they can be completely open with one another without causing offense. A relationship founded on hypocrisy, censorious, suspicion, and demands is intolerable. Human kindness and human concern are more important attributes in a person than intellectual power or cultivated taste. Many people have an acute need for friendship, and it is striking when one can meet a friend who displays generosity. Children and assistants are greatly influenced by the demeanor of masters and mistress of the house; and the husband who addresses his wife, in their presence, in a derogatory manner, does both himself and her a decided injury. While the wife, on her part, is equally bound to show all due respect to her husband. #RandolphHarris 1 of 15
Every human being possesses an innate perception of what is right. Children and servants are not exceptions to this general rule; and those of us who indulge in unkind expressions towards each other, lower ourselves more than we can, perhaps, understand in the opinions of those about us. Empirical psychology studies the powers of the soul as they are discovered by inner senses. There are two general fields of the soul—the cognitive powers and the will (which includes the feelings of pleasure and pain). The cognitive powers begin with the inferior faculty, or sensibility, because knowledge comes only from sensation. There is a pre-established harmony of soul and body. The soul is an immaterial substance possessing the power of representing the Universe and free will. Rationally, the soul is simple and immortal. The structure of the World and the objects in it are aimed at the fulfillment of God’s wise ends and the study of this method is a good method of studying nature. Good is what increases our perfection and evil is what diminishes it, and perfection is an objective metaphysical concept. #RandolphHarris 2 of 15
Therefore, moral and juridical laws do not depend on God’s will, but on the structure of being. They can be discovered by natural reason independent of Christian revelation. In many cases, a feeling of dislike is engendered, which no after circumstances can obliterate—a feeling near akin to contempt, also; for who can cherish respect for individuals who cannot govern themselves? Human beings are moved to acts by the rational representation of perfection and obligations or duties independent of rewards and punishment for carrying them out. Sin arises when sensibility prevails over reason; but sensibility is ruled by free will. A generous-minded boy will never forget the unkind and taunting words which he has heard an irritable and ill-governed father address to his dearly loved mother; nor will either girls or boys forget similar breaches of politeness and good-breeding exhibited by their mother towards the father. Truly, we have need of patience! and in the family circle it is one of the brightest virtues. #RandolphHarris 3 of 15
Ethics are based on an empirical psychology that describes the virtues, passions, and practical customs. Theology and ethics entirely are the foundation of natural reason. By reason, we mean scientific thought rather than common sense. The human intellect must be extended beyond the limits traditionally set for it by the German philosophical schools. “Cannot you both have patience?” murmured a little gentle boy once in our hearing, while his parent were indulging in unseemly bickerings, and there was a whole volume of reproof in that one sentence. William Wirt Winchester, a pattern of good-breeding, tells his son that—“The most familiar and intimate habitudes, connections and friendships, require a degree of good-breeding both to preserve and cement them. The best of us have our bad sides; and it is an imprudent as it is ill-bred to exhibit them. I shall not use ceremony with you, it would be misplaced between us; but I shall certainly observe that degree of good-breeding which, I am sure, is absolutely necessary to make us like one another’s company long.” #RandolphHarris 4 of 15
This is the best advice which can be given to husbands and wives, parents and children, and also to relatives and friends. The foundation of religion consists in moral distinctions among the acts of humans, whether they be good, evil, or indifferent, is an intelligent and free agent. Truth is the expression of things as they are, and vice constitutes a rejection of the truth; to deny things as they are is virtually to deny the existence of God. To follow nature is to follow God. This does not mean, however, that one should follow exclusively the inclinations of one’s individual nature. Since no one is purely rational, each individual must consider the nature of others. The great law of religion is for each person not to contradict truth, but to treat everything as it really is. Happiness is based on the pleasure—pain thesis, pain being a real evil, pleasure a real good. Ultimate happiness is the excess of pleasure over pain, and it is the duty of everyone to make oneself as happy as possible consonant with the happiness of others. #RandolphHarris 5 of 15
The habit of bantering, which is so often adopted by married people before children and assistances, is very undesirable, and frequently leads to serious consequences. How does a man know what is true? The husband will give a ridiculous appellation to the wife, which will raise a laugh at her expense; but in the end, it may lower him far more than the mother in the opinion of the children; and in their turn, they will often feel more respect and affection for the mother than for the father. Nothing can be more injurious, or inconsistent with true politeness and good-breeding, than the constant habit of fault-finding concerning little petty trifles, when indulged in by either husband or wife, in the presence of others or by themselves. There are men who never come to the table but they will find fault with the dishes served upon it. If roast beef is the chief dish, they will say:–“Chicken, Chicken! why did you not have beef or moose meat stew? I am tired of this everlasting chicken!” #RandolphHarris 6 of 15
Or vice versa. No matter what the wife may have provided, such a man will always evince a desire for something else. We reason about particulars, or from them; but not by them. Action according to right reason and action according to truth are identical. This is the general law laid down by the author of nature, and this constitutes the religion of nature. The senses are inferior to reason but are to be followed, nevertheless, when not contrary to reason. In instances where certainty concerning the truth is unobtainable, one may act on probability but always under the guide of reason. The necessity of education by the cultivation of reason is thus demonstrated. Man’s desires, his passions, must be submitted to reason. Since man is individual and the principles of reason are universal, the laws of nature forbid the individual to transgress the rights of others. All injustice is wrong and evil, and compassion is one of the highest virtues. Man is to be regarded not only as an individual, but also as a social creature, and the purpose of society is common welfare of all the people. #RandolphHarris 7 of 15
Human-made laws are not infallible, but may require alteration from time to time, and no human-made law should contradict a law of nature. Since mutual defense is one of the great ends of society, war against aggression is legitimate and necessary. Now, were the gentleman accused of fault-finding, he would indignantly deny it; and he may be a kind and good and true husband and father, and only have inadvertently fallen into this habit of not being satisfied with what has been provided. A good way to cure him, would be for the wife to hand him a pencil and a card every morning as he leaves the house, and request him to put down what he desires for dinner; so that the daily fault-finding can be, in measure, averted. This would convince him of his practice of picking flaws in the menage; and go far towards effecting a reformation in it. Half of us find fault from habit; but some of us, we fear, do so from an inborn ugliness of disposition. #RandolphHarris 8 of 15
Of the latter class we have little hopes; but the former can cure themselves—and it pleases them. Bad habits are very easily acquired; therefore, young persons must take special pains to avoid them. We are always disgusted with sons and daughters who do not show a marked respect to their parents, elders, and superiors; and who do not scruple to contradict them, and set up their own opinions, with the utmost pertinacity, against those of their parents. And why should our young men put aside the honored name of “Father,” and substitute for it the objectionable words “Governor” or “Old Man?” Some persons may reply, “What signifies a name?” A great deal; and Father is a holy name, given to us directly from God, the Father of all humankind; and he who attains to that rank and stands as a father of the family, occupies a high position, and his children should recognize his sacred office and give him the name assigned to it. #RandolphHarris 9 of 15
No one thinks of calling his mother “Governess” or “Mrs. Governor.” If a daughter should attempt it, it would be esteemed highly irreverent and ridiculous; yet it is not in reality any more absurd a practice. Young persons often fall into erroneous habits from want of thought; therefore, it is needful to remind out young friends of certain little discrepancies regarding good-breeding, which they should carefully endeavor to avoid. Good manners are taught in the house, by line upon line and precept upon precept. Undoubtedly, a well-bred father and mother will not have so much difficulty in rearing polite and well-mannered children as those who are the reverse—not because they ae born so, perhaps; but because, as we have said before, good manners are learned by imitation more readily than by precept and rule. It follows from God’s perfect justice that humans are immortal and that the iniquities and evils of this World will be corrected; a particular providence and a future state necessarily exist. #RandolphHarris 10 of 15
And the God of nature, who is the God of reason and the God of justice, is to be worshipped. Let brothers and sisters be taught to respect each other’s rights; be as thoughtful to please, and as watchful to avoid anything which will perplex and annoy each other, as they would be to a young guest whom they desired to honor; and they will then learn a due observance of home etiquette and politeness. Rude and rough boys are often allowed to treat their sisters in a very disagreeable, overbearing manner, and annoy them on every occasion, by breaking up their baby houses, cutting their hair off their dolls, and destroying their playthings, and speaking very slightingly of “the girls.” We consider such behavior as exceedingly reprehensible, and entirely at variance with all rules of good-breeding. Such boys will also make unkind and rude husbands; for by being permitted to exhibit and indulge such traits of character in their youth, they will be likely to indulge in them in their manhood, and pursue the same pleasing pastimes in their own families. #RandolphHarris 11 of 15
A sister is the best judge of a brother’s abilities in playing the role of a good husband. And a brother can estimate very fairly the position which a sister would hold in a husband’ home. We delight in the freedom of childhood; in its merry—quips and cranks and wanton wiles; and in the cheerfulness of youth, and its many delights and pleasures; but still more charming is the gentlemanly demeanor of brothers toward their sisters. Boastful persons, and such as disregard truth in their statements, are usually to be avoided; these sins, in the lowest point of view, are decidedly against the etiquette of god society. No woman can either resect or love a man who is in the habit of deceiving her; nor can a man esteem or love a woman whose statements do not possess the virtue of truth. Life and mind are products that develop, here and there, in the course of the manifold developments in the natural World. Mind, life, consciousness, and soul are activities of certain types of bodies; they never appear apart from those bodies, although mind, once is has emerged in Nature, may come to guide and thus to master some of the occurrences in the World about it. #RandolphHarris 12 of 15
Men will sometimes conceal from women the realities of their lives on the plea that they are too narrow minded, weak, or simple to understand them; while women, in their turn, conceal the details of their daily life on the score that they do not wish to e interfered with; or for fear lest their hidden pleasures be denied them. Hence arises the theory that wives must be kept in the dark concerning their husbands’ pursuits; and that men must be managed so that they shall not forbid this, that or the other desired pleasure. And this is styled diplomacy in the house circle. Of course, this state of affairs is very uncertain and slippery; and an expose will be threatened daily. Consciousness, far from being the source of the objective World, presupposes it existence. In all this realistic position, both husband and wife feel that they are deceived, yet cannot tell exactly how, when or where; cannot place their hand on the very spot—cannot prove what they suspect. Nature indicates a norm of perfection which the historical processes in this World seldom bring to fulfillment. It is contrasted with an allegedly superior spirit or supernature. #RandolphHarris 13 of 15
Men always know that they are managed even when they cannot see the way; women understand they are deceived;–are sure that excuses given for uncalled-for absences are not the right one—even though they cannot discover the truth. Such things go in the air, and consciousness is evolved even in the senses reveal naught. Such houses, however, are but the stepping-stones to a deeper abyss of woe. A love of truth, a high sense of honor, delicacy of manner, and strict adherence to correct principles, are the chief essentials of home etiquette. Be careful to avoid the habit of sauntering into a room without attending to anything that passes there;–thinking, it may be, of a trifling affair that need not occupy the attention, or very likely not thinking at all. In this way some persons trespass upon the rules of politeness which enjoin that each one should do one’s part in society. Let Nature be, as I love to put it, Heaven and Earth, the Sea, and all that is in them is, and I do not see how one can here complain of ambiguity. Make it a rule wherever you are, to take an interest in all that passes, observe the characteristics of the persons you meet, and listen to and take part in the subjects of their conversations. #RandolphHarris 14 of 15
Nature is what we find around us, whether we are looking on a top closet shelf, or through telescopic instruments at stellar Universes that are distant in both time and space, or at the evidences for ancient cities that long ago disappeared from view. Daily life, technical science, and history alike presuppose. Nature; that is, all these kinds of quests for knowledge presuppose simply that there is much to investigate. As we bring every part of our natural bodily life into harmony with the new life God has placed within us, he will exhibit in us the virtues that were characteristic of the Lord Jesus Christ. There are no constraints on the human mind, no walls around the human spirit, no barriers to our progress except those we ourselves erect. God has a bank vault of blessings stored up for you. Something new and good is going to happen and the rest of your life will be the best of your life. God has extraordinary miracles coming your way. Angel of God, my Guardian, to whom his lobe commits me here, ever this day and night, be at my side to light and guard, to rule and guide. Amen. #RandolphHarris 15 of 15
The Secrets of Your Heart are Mine
God sees, in one eternal glance, all the decisions of each soul, now and to come. The omnipotence of God and his absolute freedom are the two articles of Christian belief that we must never lose sight of. The articles of faith are justification and prove that God is not bound or obligated by the order of nature he has established, so he is not bound or obligated by the order of grace he has established as the common way of salvation of souls. Salvation or the deliverance of humankind from such fundamentally negative or disabling conditions as suffering, evil, finitude, and death entails the restoration or raising up of the natural World to a higher realm or states. There is one supreme being, and this being is the cause of the movements and order of the World. The being is of an intellectual nature. However, in present life, not everyone has an intuitive cognition of God. The intellective soul is an immaterial and incorruptible form that exists as a whole in the whole body and as a whole in each part, it cannot be evidently known by reason or experience that such a form exists in us, nor that the understanding proper to such a substance exists in us, nor that such a soul is a form of the body. #RandolphHarris 1 of 9
The soul has an interpreter—often an unconscious, but still a truthful interpreter—in the eyes. The soul of humans seems to have been constructed for another sphere of existence. The human intellective soul (mind is a close synonym) might be defined as the source of a person’s thoughts and actions; it is not a material part of a person, but something that is higher and thought to be immortal, part of a realm of immaterial matter. You cannot hide the soul. The individual must receive sense images and must abstract Universal content from them. However, the soul can be killed. There is poison that can kill the body and the soul when a person commits the gravest of crimes. A sickness in your spirit has immediately its appropriate manifestation in your bodily frame. Pain, imperceptible psychic and emotional pain, can be felt by the soul having made an immoral decision that cannot be undone. The pain is less bodily and more mental. This higher mental pain is associated with not finding the pleasure one seeks. There is a dark cloud of negative thoughts filled with anger, hatred, bitterness, resentment, or sadness. #RandolphHarris 2 of 9
The liberty of will is the basis of human dignity and of moral goodness and responsibility, more than the power of thinking—although the two are mutually involved. The seat of morality is the will itself because every act other than the act of will, which is the power of the will, is only good in such a manner that it can be a bad act, because it can be done for evil and from an evil intention. Also, every action, other than the act of willing itself, can be performed by reason of natural causes and not freely, and every such action could be caused in us by God alone instead of by our will; consequently, the action in itself is neither virtuous nor vicious, except by the denomination from the act of the will. The problem of how God knows, with certainty and from all eternity, the contingent and free decisions of the human will is an insoluble problem; for both the freedom of the human will and the power of God to know all contingent acts of created beings must be conceded. It is impossible for any [created] intellect, in this life, to explain or evidently know how God knows all future contingent events. #RandolphHarris 3 of 9
While recognizing the conception of natural good and of virtuous choices in accordance with right reason, humans are obligated to love and obey God above all else. Thus, what God wills humans to do of human’s free will defines the right, and disobedience to God’s will defines sin. Moral evil is doing of the opposite of what one is obligated to do, and since God is not obligated to any act, it is impossible for God to sin by his causal concurrence in the production of an act sinfully willed by the creature. To obey God is to love God, and to love God is to do his will. I once knew someone I would talk to and would tell when I would do bad things. And this person told me the people probably deserved it, which is a way of justifying sin and will lead one to sin more because you think if a person invokes a bad reaction from you that they deserve it. However, it is not up to me or anyone else to decide what a person deserves. I was raised to be kind and tolerate as much as I can from other people and if they do not bring out the best in me to leave them alone. We should continue to turn to God as children, being continuously converted every day of our lives. If we trust in our own abilities instead of God’s, we produce consequences for which God will hold us responsible. #RandolphHarris 4 of 9
As Christ did not come into the World in order to take away from people their goods and rights, so Christ’s vicar, who is inferior and in no way equal to him in power, has no authority or to deprive others of their goods and rights. God has established laws binding the Christian to live in a certain way as a member of the church, participant in its sacraments, and believer in its articles of faith, this fact imposes no obligation on God to either bestow eternal life on the Christian who obeys God’s precepts and loves him above all else, or to withhold eternal life from those who do not follow God’s laws and love him above all else. It is not impossible that God could ordain that a person who lives according to right reason, and does not believe anything except wat is conclusive to him or her by natural reason, should be worthy of eternal life. God always contingently and freely and mercifully and of his own graciousness beatifies whomsoever he chooses with eternal life, purely from his kindness he will give eternal life to whomsoever he will give it. God’s gift of existence to creatures and of freedom of choice to humans is perfectly free gift with no clauses attached. God is the law of liberty and not one of oppression nor coercion. The law of the Gospels is not supposed to be a law of slavery. #RandolphHarris 5 of 9
We know what it is to believe, opine, and wonder, and we know when we know. We know, noninferentially, that there are other persons. Possibly through religious experience, and in particular the experiences of solemn awe, we know that God exists. Our battles are won or lost in the secret places of our will in God’s presence, never in full view of the World. The Spirit of God seizes me and I am compelled to get along with God. We do not want merely inferred friends. Could be possibly be satisfied with an inferred God? Sometimes instruction is taught visibly and not always verbally. The pastor told me not to get too familiar with people, and I took heed to his words. Every time I would see him, he would say kind things like, “Hey, young man. I appreciate what you do around here,” and “it is good to see you.” These comments made me feel good, but as I watched him more I realized he says these things to everyone, it is part of his script. He may not actually, personally, being paying attention to what you are doing. So, make sure your friends are real and not just inferred and being nice. #RandolphHarris 6 of 9
Theoretical judgments are judgments of action and are always beneficial; their purpose is to extend the limits of knowledge in a given science, whether it be social, physical or biological. Philosophy examines the relations between the ability of individual consciousness to render judgments and that consciousness in general. Philosophy has its own proper field and its own problem in those values of Universal validity which are the organizing principles for the functions of culture and civilization for all the particular values of life. What I have learned in the business World is not to trust people, never tell too much about your personal life, and be care of people who act like they already know you. Also, proceed with caution when a conversation seems out of context. Generally, when you do not know someone you ask them how they are doing, talk about sport, weather, TV or their plans for the weekend. Never tell anyone you do not know about your family, life, or even where you work. Critical judgments, then, are rendered in respect not what is but of what ought to be; in accordance, not with laws but with norms. This is a normative consciousness. #RandolphHarris 7 of 9
The essence of who you are should be closed to the public’s knowledge; they should never know more than a few fragments of it, and there is no prospect of their every being able to patch it together out of scraps they gather. Life is not a talk show, it is not to air your business to strangers. The goal of life is to keep your business behind closed doors and when in public give off the impression that everything is perfect and beautiful. Society has become so loose. People often speak of good manners as an accomplishment. I see them as a duty. Such manners are the usages of society to be recognized as agreeable and take away the rudeness, and remit to the brute creation all coarseness. There are a great many who feel that good manners are effeminate. They have a feeling that rude bluntness is a great deal more manly than good manners. It is a great deal more beastly. However, when we live in crowded communities, the art of living together is no small are. How to diminish friction; how to promote ease of association; how to make human life contribute to the welfare and satisfaction of those around us; how to keep down offensive pride is essential to life. #RandolphHarris 8 of 9
How to banish the rasping of selfishness from the intercourse go human life; how to move among people inspired by various and conflictive motives, and yet have no collisions—the is the function of good manners. Not only is the violation of good manners inexcusable on ordinary grounds, but it is sinful. When, therefore, parents and guardians and teachers would inspire the young with a desire for the manners of society, it is not to be though that they are accomplishments which may be accepted or rejected. Every person is bound to observe the laws of politeness. It is the expression of good-will and kindness. It promotes both beauty in the person who possess it, and happiness in those who are about the individual. It is a religious duty, and should be part of religions training. The reason of etiquette might be ridiculed, but the main reason for etiquette is the avoidance of offense. There is reason in comfort and happiness. And no one can afford to violate the unwritten customs of etiquette who wishes to act as a good Christian. Etiquette governs social intercourse, and is desirous of cultivating both politeness and good-breeding. #RandolphHarris 9 of 9
God is Not in His Heaven: All is Wrong with the World!
We are overhasty to speak as if God did not manifest himself by our silent feeling, and make his love felt through ours. I think that our Universe must be like a sea walnut. Sea walnuts are a jelly fish type creature and they live in the ocean, they are actually shaped like a walnut, and they produce their own light. Some scientist think they produce their own light to scare off predators, but others disagree. It is possible that sea walnuts are a microcosm, like a living organism, with other organism that live inside of it, and it produces light for them to see and grow food. Of course, these organisms inside of the sea walnut would probably microscopic. So, I wonder if the Universe is like a sea walnut and we are encased inside of another Universe? Because something about the creation myths is baffling to me. Human behavior is response to desire or aversion. Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions, and can never pretend to any other office than to serve and obey them. Will is the very nature or essence of human beings and indeed of everything, identifying it with the thing-in-itself that underlies all phenomena. #RandolphHarris 1 of 16
Human life partakes of the unravelable inscrutableness of God. All people ideally perceive certain ends or goals by their reason and then direct their wills to the attainment of these ends or goals. This is why no human can knowingly will evil. So, then why is their evil on Earth? Either God can remove evil from the World and will not; or being willing to do so, cannot; or he neither can nor will; or he is both able and willing. If he can but will not, he is not benevolent. If he is neither willing nor able, he is neither omnipotent nor benevolent. If he both wants to and can, whence comes the evil over the face of the Earth? God may cause our circumstances to suddenly fall apart, which may bring the realization of our unfaithfulness to hum for not recognizing that he had ordained the situation. This is where the test of our faithfulness comes. If we will just learn to worship God even during the difficult circumstances, he will change them for the better very quickly if he so chooses. And we know that all things work together for good to those who love God. #RandolphHarris 2 of 16
What are the comprehensible terrors of humanity compared with the interlinked terrors and wonders of God! The ascent of the soul is traced towards higher and higher ends, the supposition being that these ends are apprehended first by the senses and then ultimately by the pure or unfettered intelligence, which enlists the will or desire for their pursuit. The corruption of a human was precisely the dominance of the will, that is, of human’s appetites or desires, this being a deviation from what human nature ideally should be. The understanding first grasps certain ideas or presents certain ends to the mind and the will then either assents or withholds its assent, thus following rather than directing the understanding. Ends and goal become such only because they are willed; they are not first perceived as ends and then willed. Reason is concerned entirely with demonstrations (dedication) or with the relations of cause and effect (induction). In neither case can it give us ends or goals. Mathematics is used in mechanical arts and the like, but always as a means of attaining something that has nothing to do with reason. #RandolphHarris 3 of 16
As we know not what purpose any event is ultimately directed, so neither can we affirm from what causes it originally sprung. The computations of a merchant, for example, can be fallacious, but the ends for which they are undertaken can in no sense be fallacious or irrational. They can only be wise or foolish, that is, such as to promote or to frustrate other ends that are again products of the will. Similarly, no discovery of casual connections in nature can by itself have the least influence on the will. Such discoveries can only be useful or useless in enabling people to choose appropriate means to certain ends, which are in no way derived from reason. It can never in the least concern us to know that such objects are causes, and such other effects, if both causes and effects be indifferent to us. Reason therefore can never produce actions or impulses, nor can it oppose them. An impulse to act can be opposed only by a contrary impulse, not by reason. There can, accordingly, be no such thing as a conflict between reason and passion, and the only way in which willed behavior can be irrational is for it to be based upon some misconception—for instance, on some erroneous conception of what is a fit means to the attainment of an end which I entirely the product of will. #RandolphHarris 4 of 16
There is no creature whose inward being is so strong that it is not greatly determined by what lies outside. All agree that people are moved by their impulses, appetites, passions, or wills and that these are incapable of fallacy or error. There is thus no such thing as a rational or irrational will, although one may will imprudently in relation to other things that one wills. A free being wills because it wills, and the willing of an object is itself the last ground of such willing. Human nature contains implications of the highest importance for ethics. If ends or goals are entirely products of the will and the will is neither rational nor irrational, then ends themselves cannot be termed either rational or irrational and it becomes meaningless to ask whether this or that end is really good or bad independently of its being willed. To say something is good, is to say nothing more than it is an object of one’s appetite, and to say that something is bad is only to say that one has an aversion to it. Good and bad are thus purely relative to desires and aversions, which are, of course, sometimes quite different in different people. Wise behavior, on this conception, can be nothing other than prudence, that is, the selection of appropriate means to the attainment of whatever goals one happens to have. #RandolphHarris 5 of 16
The inconsistency so common in dreams. There is one goal, however, that is fairly common to all people: the goal of self-preservation. People can preserve themselves in safety and security within a commonwealth. People are the measure of all things. Things are good solely by virtue of the fact that they are demanded, this is, that someone wants them or lays claim to them, and such a demand might be for anything under the Sun. Considered apart from the demands of sentient beings, nothing in the Universe has any worth what so ever. The only proper ethical maxim is to satisfy as many demands as possible, no matter what these happen to be, but at the least cost, this is, with the minimum of frustration to other demands. It is clear that within the framework of theories like this, no meaning can be attached to asking what is truly worthy of one’s desires, unless this question is interpreted to mean, “What is in fact satisfying of one’s desires?”; nor does it make sense to see, any metaphysical principles of morals. #RandolphHarris 6 of 16
People will dream; the most that can be asked of them is but that the dream be not in too glaring discord with the thing they know. Truth and falsity in ethics are exhausted in questions as to the truth and falsity of various opinions concerning the utility of proposed means to the achievement of ends, that is, to the satisfaction of appetite, desire, and demand. They have no relevance to any questions concerning ends themselves. Human reason or dialectic is worthless in theological maters, for the simple reason that the very laws of logic are valid only by the concurrence of God’s will. God is omnipotent and can therefore render true even those things which reason declares to be absurd or contradictory. It is thus idle for philosophers to speculate upon what must be true with respect to divine matters, since these depend only on God’s will. Faith is found in the very act of faith itself, which is an act of the will, rather than in rational proof. God has some type of powers that, as humans, we cannot even conceive. #RandolphHarris 7 of 16
I believe in order that I may understand. The divine will is the only and the ultimate moral justification for any act. Strictly understood, this means that an action that might otherwise be deemed heinous is not so, provided it is commanded by God. The divine will, and not human or divine reason, is the ultimate standard of morality, that certain acts are sins other acts are meritorious only because they have been commanded by God. God does not forbid certain things because they are sins or commands certain things because they are virtues, for it seems that this would be a limitation upon God’s will. There can be no higher justification for any act than that God wills it, nor any more final condemnation of an act than that God forbids it. The moral law is simply a matter of God’s free choice, for God’s choice cannot be constrained by any moral law, being itself the sole source of that law. The concept of the will is crucial to the understanding of the law, ethics, and human behaviour generally; this is crucial to the understanding of reality itself. #RandolphHarris 8 of 16
Dreamers see the Heavens open every day. The will is the underlying and ultimate reality and the whole phenomenal World is only the expression of will. Living things are the objectifications of their wills and explains not only the behaviour but also the very anatomical structures of planets, animals, and people. The will is a blind and all-powerful force that is literally the inexhaustible creator of every visible thing. The sexual appetite, which I considered to be fundamentally the same in all living things, is a blind urge to love and to perpetuate existence without any goal beyond that, and it has nothing whatever to do with reason or intelligence, being in fact more often than not opposed to them. The religious impulse found in all cultures at all times is similarly explained as the response to a blind and irrational will to possess endless existence. In the growth and development of all living things is the unfolding of the will in nature, wherein certain things appear and transform themselves in accordance with a fairly unvarying pattern and in the face of obstacles and impediments, solely in accordance with at is willed in a metaphysical sense but entirely without any rational purpose or goal. #RandolphHarris 9 of 16
Strong drink makes every hidden seed sprout up in the soul and show itself. The feelings of self-love, malice, and compassion, all of which are expressions of the will, may have nothing to do with reason or intelligence. People have free will only in the sense that every person is the free or unfettered expression of a will and people are therefore not the authors of their own destinies, characters, or behavior. The irrational factors in human behaviour is now taken for granted in those sophisticated circles that have come under the influence of modern psychological theories. Moral laws cannot guide human conduct successfully, because they are rational rules directed to the conscious will and are defeated by the irrational antagonism that stems from the human’s subconscious. For moral ideals to be significant and effective they must take possession of the subconscious, which they can do only if they are reached through the sublimation of subconscious impulses. Sublimation, operating through the imagination, transforms human’s lower impulses into higher ones and turns one’s inherent, arbitrary freedom into moral freedom that seeks the good. #RandolphHarris 10 of 16
Such sublimation is assisted by divine grace and is possible only where the soul turns freely toward the Absolute. Christian ethics is not ethics of law, but the ethics of sublimation. Sublimate means to express potentially violent or socially unacceptable impulses in a modified, socially acceptable manner. Thus, my dear friend, I have briefly proposes the method which I judge proper for molding the soul into a holy frame; and the same means which serve to beget this divine temper, must still be practiced for strengthening and advancing it; and therefore I shall recommend but one more for that purpose, and it is the frequent and conscientious use of that holy sacrament, which is peculiarly appointed to nourish and increase spiritual life, when once it is begun in the soul. All the instruments of religion do meet together in this ordinance; and while we address ourselves unto it, we are put to practice all the rules which were mentioned before. Then it is that we make the severest survey of our actions, and they lay the strictest obligations on ourselves; then are our minds raised up to the highest contempt of the World, and every grace does exercise itself with the greatest activity and vigor. #RandolphHarris 11 of 16
All the subjects of contemplation do there present themselves unto us with the greatest advantage; and then, if every does the soul make its most powerful sallies toward Heaven, and assaults it with a holy acceptable force. And certainly the neglect or careless performance of this duty, is one of the chief causes that bedwarfs our religion, and makes us continue of so low a size. And now, most gracious God, Father and fountain of mercy and goodness, who has blessed us with the knowledge of our happiness, and the way that leads unto it! Excite in our souls such ardent desires after the one. Let us nether presume on our own strength, nor distrust thy divine assistance: but while we are doing our utmost endeavours, teach us still to depend on thee for success. Open our eyes, God, and teach us out of thy law. Bless us with an exact and tender sense of our duty, and a knowledge to discern perverse things. That our ways were directed to keep thy statues, then shall we not be ashamed when we have respect unto all thy commandments. #RandolphHarris 12 of 16
Possess our hearts with a generous and holy disdain of all those poor enjoyments which this World holds out to allure us, that they may never be able to inveigle our affections, or betray us to any sin: turn away our eyes from beholding vanity, and quicken us in thy law. Fill our souls with such a deep sense, and full persuasion of those great truths which you have revealed in gospel, as may influence and regulate our whole conversation; and that the life which we henceforth live in the flesh, we may life through faith in the Son of God. That the infinite perfections of thy blessed nature, and the astonishing expressions of thy goodness and love, may conquer and overpower our hearts, that they may be constantly rising toward thee in flames of devoutest affections, and enlarging themselves in sincere and cordial love towards all the World for thy sake; and that we may cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in thy fear, without which we can never hope to behold and enjoy thee. #RandolphHarris 13 of 16
God, grant that the consideration of what you are, and what we ourselves are, may both humble and lay us low before thee, and also stir up in us the strongest and most ardent aspiration towards thee. We desire to resign and give up ourselves to the conduct of the Holy Spirit; lead us in thy truth, and teach us, for you are the God of salvation; guide us with thy counsel, and afterwards receive us unto glory, for the merits and intercessions of thy blessed Son and Saviour. If you are sensitive to God’s way, your message as his servant will be merciless and insistent, cutting to the very root. Otherwise, there will be no healing. We must drive the message to the house so forcefully that a person cannot possibly hide, but must apply its truth. Deal with people where they are until they begin to realize their true need. Then hold high the standard of Jesus Christ for their lives. #RandolphHarris 14 of 16
Love is misunderstood to be an emotion; actually, it is a state of awareness, a way of being in the World, a way of seeing oneself and others. The great God absolute! The centre and circumference of all democracy! His omnipresence, our divine equality! Everyone has been created with the ability to reach out beyond one’s own grasp. However, it is God who draws me, and my relationship to God in the first place is an inner personal one, not an intellectual one. I come into the relationship through the miracle of God and through my own will to believe. Then I begin to get an intelligent appreciation and understanding of the wonder of the transformation in my life. Wisdom brings with it peace, balance, and wholeness, but to benefit from this wisdom, we must first learn to feel the Source of truth. #RandolphHarris 15 of 16
Love for God or nature and animals opens the doors to spiritual inspiration. There comes a time when one falls in love with everything and everyone they meet. This tendency to be intensely loving has to be curtailed because love, curiously enough, frightens many people. Many people cannot look fully into another person’s eyes for more than a brief second, if at all. This is especially so if the one looking at them radiates lovingness. Some people even panic when exposed to love. I believe one reason I have seen God’s favor in my life is that I have learned to ask big. When my father died and I was left with nothing, I prayed an extraordinary prayer asking God to help me not only to maintain what my parents have built, but also for God to let me excel in life. It was a bold prayer when I walked in that jewelry store, met Michelle for the first time, and prayed: “God, please let her see how good-looking I am!” Ask God for your dreams. Your Father owns it all. He created the Universe. If you want to see the fullness of what he has in store, you should learn to ask big. Love leads to God, through art or in acts. #RandolphHarris 16 of 16
Flags of Our Fathers
The worst of our evils we blindly inflict upon ourselves. Selfishness is so predominant, that when most people hear of benevolence, they consider it a curiosity. Doc is a young man who has not have many good things in life. Both his mother and father worked hard and long hours but never seemed to be able to get ahead. There were four children in the family, and Ben often went unnoticed, somehow lost in the shuffle. He very often got very little to eat, and shared his bed with his two brother and often did not get enough sleep.
His clothes could hardly have been called stylish; his family could not afford new ones, and handed the old ones down until they literally fell apart. In school, did was not the best student, was shy and withdrawn, and was not good at sports because he was tired all the time and never got enough to eat. Most of the time, as he grew up, his parents were not home, and there was not one to take care of him when he was sick or injured.
The day after he managed to graduate from high school, Doc joined the Navy. If you talk to him today, his eyes gleam with pride as he tells you how much he loves it. “Being in the Navy was the best thing that ever happened to me! It seems that throughout life I was looked down upon and set up to fail, but I took charge of my life and made something of it. Now that I am more mature, people often wonder how I made it.”
Some people believe the whole story of motivation is coded in our genes, those inherited bits of cellular stuff: we are born a certain way and what we do is determined exclusively by these genetic factors. However, not a soul on board of us knows whiter we may be gliding—not even the commodore himself; assuredly not the chaplain; even our professor’s surmisings are vain. On that point, the smallest cabin boy is as wise as the captain. Heaven has kindly closed from our eyes the book of future events, that we may not be guilty of repining at its ordinations.
We do know that some of our behavior is caused by factors that are part of our physical existence. However, the most important lesson the World has learned in the past fifty years is that it is not true that human nature is unchangeable. Human nature, on the contrary, can be changed with the greatest of ease and to the utmost possible extent. If this lies huge potential danger, it also contains some of the brightest hopes that we have for the future of mankind.
If you encounter an issues of life, think of lawful, honest, and ethical ways that you can make a difference or make it better, and it will always come to you. There is no set time, but it will happen. It is astonishing how large a hole a woodpecker makes with a small beak: it is owing to successive impressions. Great works are reformed, not by strength, but perseverance. My good is mine now, and I can see it and feel it and know it.
From far and near my own shall come to me. Even now it is coming to me and I receive it. My own is now manifesting itself to me, and I see and know its presence. My own shall respond to me. Felicitate thyself then upon thy defects; which are evidently thy principal perfections; and which occasion thee a distinction which otherwise thou wouldst never have. Life always was and evermore shall be a World without end. All the power there is, is mine now. All the life, truth, love of the Universe is not and forever flowing through my body.
The all good cannot change. I shall always have access to my eternal God within me. Perseverance is the surest road to success. The first step leading to perfection, and real activity, is to wander through the World unknown, and subject t few wants. You must not forsake the ship in tempest, because you cannot rule and keep down the winds. Remember, attention, love, admiration, cannot be always kept at the stretch. The light of life is full within me and around me. A ship is not counted strong by biding one storm, go forth and bless all who come to you, light within.
Randolph Harris II International Institute 