A good sense of humor helps to overlook the unbecoming, understand the unconventional, tolerate the unpleasant, overcome the unexpected, and outlast the unbearable. In giving freedom to those enslaved, we assure freedom to the free—honourable alike in what we give and what we preserve. With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in. Some people work harder, some are stronger, some have more talent and skill, hence things are naturally unequal. People need to work together, to make and gather the fruits of uneven talents, and so society by its nature is a necessary and willing agreement to share unequally among unequals. If inequalities are greater in modern times, well, so are the fruits which most people can enjoy; greater, too, are the differences in skill, and so forth. If we shudder at the thought of total determinism of modern tyranny, we must admit that the conservative case has weight, especially since we today know fairly accurately how historical inequality came about—at least in a theoretical way. And we know that this process started long before the rise of the state: in fact, it was inherent in primitive societies themselves—even in the most eqalitarian ones, in hunting and gathering societies, the simplest known. These societies knew no distinctions of rank, little or no authority of one individual or the other. #RandolphHarris 1 of 18

Primitive societies had very simple possessions and so there was no real difference in wealth; property was distributed equally. Yet even on this level individual differences were recognized and already formed the germ of social differentiation which would gradually lead to distinctions of rank, accumulated wealth, hereditary privilege, and the eventual rise and entrenchment of the exploitative state. It would seem that the largest factor in inequality among humans discourse. Two crucial factors are worth pointing out here. First, the basic fallacy: that there was a time in early social evolution when people were not influenced by differences in personal qualities. Some are able to maintain this because of a truly fantastic sketch of social evolution, in which one see a person at first as an isolated being, not even living in a family group. Gradually family life evolved, and then tribal life, and it was that time that each one began to look at the others and to want to be looked at oneself, and public esteem had value. This famous idea on the state of nature beings, then, with the epoch of the savage who lives within oneself. It ends when humans came out of this state into that of society; they became sociable beings, always outside oneself, who knew how to live only in the opinion of others. #RandolphHarris 2 of 18

 And so some believe that human’s downfall does not begin in the original state of humans, but it is the spirit of society alone, and the inequality it engenders, which thus changes and alters all our natural inclinations—that is, our natural solitariness, our natural immunity to the personal qualities of others. The second point of this fantasy is easier to understand because it is based on fact: one saw no accumulation of goods in the primitive societies of one’s time, and so one thought that primitive beings wanted only to live and remain idle and refused to work to build up an accumulation of goods. Accumulated goods in civilized society were a visible burden on those who slaved for them, and they were a direct cause of social injustice; and the primitive state was one of delightful laziness and freedom. However, we know this is the wrong conclusion: rather, hunters and gatherers cannot accumulate a surplus because of the primitive technology and subsistence economy, not because they do not want surplus. They are already eager to accumulate a surplus of wives and to gain special privileges for hunting lands, and so forth. The drive for self-expansion is there, but there are neither opportunities nor the World picture into which to fit it. Or, the state of nature is not idle, it is temperamental, orderly, and compulsive like all other human states. #RandolphHarris 3 of 18

However, we have recently learned something from the vast collections of data on primitive beings: that if one was not in bondage to the authority of living persons, one was at the utter mercy of the power of spirits. Because of human’s fear of life and death, the tribe was in hock to the spirit of the dead. Or, if in some tribes humans did not seem to fear death, it was because they had transmuted this fear by immersing themselves in the group ideology, whatever it may have been. Now this lead us to a completely opposite position from what some anthropologists believed in the past, even on the fanciful sketch of social evolution: that is, in the state of nature the solitary individual is already unfree, even before one gets to society; one carries within oneself the bondage that one needs in order to live. We know today that this antiquated idea of the state of nature as an exploratory hypothesis to be able to imagine how life might be in a state of freedom from social coercion. We know too what a powerful critical tool this idea has been, and how it has helped us to highlight the state as a structure of domination from Marx all the way up to Mumford. However, the fact is that humans never were free and cannot be from their own nature as the starting point. Rare individuals may achieve freedom at the end of years of experience and effort; and they can do this best under conditions of advanced civilization. #RandolphHarris 4 of 18

As we have seen, if it had the power to do so, each human type seeks to perpetuate itself; it tries to expand and aggrandize itself in the ways open to it. However, on primitive levels the power figures are always suspect precisely because of their dangerous power; hence the constant anxiety about witches and so forth. “Almost no mortal on Earth knows one’s lineage before the so called Dark Ages (500 to 1500 AD), and only the great families can penetrate the deep players of time to extract from them a series of examples that might inspire. But in every family there are bad people, and weak people, and some people who cannot or will not withstand the trials of life, and who fail spectacularly. Their guardian Angels weep; demons beholding them dance for joy,” Pages 62 and 61 of Angel Time by Anne Rice. The early tribal embodiments of magical power were ready scapegoats for the people—not only witches but priest-kings too. No wonder that when kings later got real power to work their will on the helpless masses, they used that power ruthlessly; in this perspective the divine king of the great slave state of the Mediterranean basin is the earlier shaman come of age and of unlimited power. We might say that instead of themselves being scapegoats, they used the entire people as their own sacrificial animals, marching them off to military holocaust at will. #RandolphHarris 5 of 18

The logic of this kind of turning of the tables is almost inevitable. What each person wants is to be a survivor, to cheat death and to remain standing no matter how many others have fallen around one. In tribal society, if they can be, even at the expense of an occasional power figure who detaches oneself too much from the general level of safe mutuality and symbiosis, the people are the survivors. In the later tyrannical state, it was only natural that the king reverse this procedure—that he prove himself to be the survivor no matter how many of his people died, or even because they died. Seen in this way, history is the saga of working out of one’s problems on others—harmlessly when one has no power (or when the weapon is art), viciously when one has the power and when the weapons are the arsenals of the total state. This saga continues in modern times but in forms which disguise the same: individuals skilled in focusing power, and masses hungry for it and fearful of it. Each society elevates and rewards leaders who are talented at giving the masses heroic victory, expiation for guilt, relief of personal conflicts. It does not matter how these are achieved: magical religious ritual, magical booming stock markets, magical heroic fulfillment of five-year plans, or mana-charged military mega-machines—or all together. #RandolphHarris 6 of 18

What counts is to give the people the self-expansion in righteousness that they need. The people who have power can exercise it through many different kinds of social and economic structures, but a universal psychological hunger underpins them all; it is this that locks people and power figure together in a life-and-death contract. This raises questions about the legal foundations of American society, abut what constitutes a threat to national security, and who should make that decision. “The War on Terrorism” has lead to the highest level of surveillance of our citizens. Many issues have been raised about social and economic justice, about the principles for the distribution of wealth, equal access to material goods. The 9.0 Earthquake in Japan in 2011, which led to the disasters at the nuclear power plants, and  the Novel Coronavirus, which broke out in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019 and has killed more than 900 people and infected about 40,000 globally,  Oroville Dam crisis of 2017, and the fire in Paradise, California which destroyed the entire town has led many raising issues about environmental justice, potential life-threatening issues concerning our relationship to the planet and our physical environment. What are the short term and long term consequences of our current practices, and who should make these determinations? How much power should they have? Should all countries have an equal voice? An equal vote? Who should make and enforce these rules? #RandolphHarris 7 of 18

The United States of America is one of the World leaders in disturbing statistics; rates of incarceration, rates of mass murder, serial murder, homicide and violent crimes, rates of divorce, child maltreatment and exploitation of pleasures of the flesh, rates of death by state executions, auto accidents, gun accidents, diabetes, heart problems, and number of people killed by medical interventions. We spend more of our money on defense than all of the rest of the nations of the World combined, and we have more guns overall and more hand guns in particular than anyone else, and yet research since 1956 shows a consistent decline in our sense of security. The Untied States leads the World in rates of mental disorders, mental illness, and chronic diseases, while at the same time seeing educational performance plummet over several decades. Behind each one of these statistics is a justice issue, a question about the fairness of our legal and cultural institutions, a question about how the relative wealth and poverty is distributed. Age-old questions of racial justice, economic justice, and gender justice are still with us today. Questions about justice originate from our religions. Experts estimate that there may have been as many as 2,000-4,000 religions in the past, but almost all of these were primal, tribal, and confined to small areas. #RandolphHarris 8 of 18

Today we tend to think of religions as the so-called “World Religions,” those local and tribal perspectives which expanded beyond their native tribes and local areas, and in the more recent 6,000 years left some kind of historical record. Western civilization has been greatly influenced by the monotheistic religions of the Abrahamic traditions, those that trace their Worldly history back to the prophet Abraham: Judaism, Christianity, Islam. Their holy and sacred texts (the Talmud, Bible, and Koran) contain many commentaries about mortality and justice, about how individuals should treat each other, and how rulers should act. These ancient texts have much to say about retribution and revenge, but relatively little to say about the complex social issues of our contemporary everyday life and globalized World. An ideal society should be a peaceful and harmonious social order, where the diverse interests and social classes would do their best to achieve a certain kind of functional interdependence, based upon their respective skills and roles. All institutions and all practices should be based on “Reason,” which means, a studied deliberation of the right thing to do in order to achieve the overarching goal of social harmony. The guardians, or leaders, should be selected, at a very early age, from among the aristocracy, separated from their parents, and trained for many years at the best schools, with the best teachers, before undergoing a lengthy apprenticeship of military and then political leadership. #RandolphHarris 9 of 18

The guardians should be motivated by the highest ideals, and should not take any pay or compensation for their leadership. The political unit would ideally be the relatively small city-state, much less complex than contemporary nation-states throughout the World. Certain key ideas about human nature, which are asserted by theorist, commonly refer to assertions about what is universal or invariant among all peoples. Some theorists have a very dismal or negative view of human nature. Perhaps British philosopher Thomas Hobbes is the best exemplar of this negative view. Hobbes thought that human beings were very competitive, aggressive, and potentially violent with all of their fellow human beings, and with this reading of human nature he proposed a strong central state to control the potentially aggressive and unruly behaviours of its citizens. The eighteenth-century French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau expresses a much different view of human nature, one founded on self-love and thus potential love for others, so he envisioned a more cooperative and less repressive state power to regulate the activities of citizens. So these highly abstract, or philosophical, ideas about human nature are embedded in the theorist’s concepts of the ideal, or just, society. Do human beings even have a nature? It is a loving and cooperative nature or a selfish, aggressive, and potentially violent one? #RandolphHarris 10 of 18

Do men and women share the same “human nature”? Do people from different cultures have the same human nature? Do individuals have the same nature through the life cycle, or does one’s nature change from infancy to childhood to adolescence to young adulthood to parenthood to old age? What are the implications of human nature? Does it mean that a society or culture should be founded upon these ideas in such a manner so as to be consistent with them? Or does it mean that human nature is something to be changed by the society? Can all or part of human nature be changed by education? Many philosophers believe that education and political leadership are institutions that can lead all citizens to accept their proper role in a peaceful and harmonious social order. What do we owe other persons in our life, including friends, siblings, spouses, children, other family members, strangers, international visitors, and other community members? How are we to act toward these other individuals, and how should we regard them? Do we have an obligation to accept the values and moral norms of our own family-of-origin, which in some cultures might include killing a family member who challenged the “honor” of the family? Are we obligated to follow our own cultural laws and norms, even when these differ from more universal ideas about human rights? #RandolphHarris 11 of 18

Should our behaviour be different in public settings (where people of different values, cultures, sexual preferences, religions, ethnicities come to do their common business) as opposed to private settings or situations? How should men act toward other men, women, and vice versa? How as should we act toward individuals who are members of historically oppressed or stigmatized groups? How should we express or regulate our emotions and the complex personhood with so many diverse and cross-cutting boundaries? These issues may not involve the larger issues of state and legal institutions, but they influence how we will experience our daily lives, and thus how we routinely experience justice or its opposite. What is the best type of government? Is democracy the best? Why? Should citizens have absolute rights which have to be legally protected by the states? If so, what right? What should happen to the state when they fail to protect the rights of the citizens? What are the prerogatives and limitations of government? What should be the laws, and how should these be decided? How should they be protected? How can they be changed? Who should be the leaders, and what should be their qualifications? What should be the appropriate span of the government for the national, state, regional, and local levels? #RandolphHarris 12 of 18

Should the state protect the rights of underrepresented groups, or should there be rule by the majority? How much power should be given to regulate authorities? How should the government be involved in the promotion or regulation of private business activities? These re only a few of the many important questions and issues about governance, and we can see many others raised in the run-up to the 202 national elections. How can the origins of human nature be deconstructed in order to make sense of the World we live in? The most common debate around human nature is structured between two principles: first, that human nature is equal and neutral, without moral judgments; and second, that human nature is inherently self-interested. Human nature is a state of equality, wherein all the power and jurisdiction is reciprocal and each human has the liberty to dispose of one’s person or possessions; however, all of humankind is equal and independent, no one ought to hard life, healthy, liberty or possession because we are all the property of God. Humans have these for innate feelings, the feeling of distress (at the suffering of others) is the first sign of Humanity. This feeling of shame and disgrace is the first sign of Justice. This feeling of deference to others is the first sign of propriety. This sense of right and wrong is just the first sign of wisdom. #RandolphHarris 13 of 18

There is a common liberty (which) results from the nature of humans…and all, being born free and equal, alienate their liberty only for their own advantage. For such a thing is nature of human, that howsoever they may acknowledge many others to be more witty, or more eloquent, or more learned; yet they will hardly believe there be many so wise as themselves: for they see their own wit at hand, and other human’s at a distance. Human nature is a is humankind’s soul whereas the intellect apprehends existence absolutely, and for all time; so that everything that has an intellect naturally desires always to exist. However, natural desire cannot be in vain. Therefore, every intellectual substance is incorruptible. Self-denial is a term used to summarize the entire Christian life. Self-denial must never be confused with self-rejection; nor is it to be thought of as a painful and strenuous act, perhaps repeated from time to time against great internal resistance. It is, rather, an overall, settled condition of life in the kingdom of God, better described as “death to self.” In this and in this alone is possessed the key to the soul’s restoration. Christian spiritual formation rests on this indispensable foundation of death to self and cannot proceed except insofar as that foundation is being firmly laid and sustained. #RandolphHarris 14 of 18

However, what is this self-denial or death to self, which goes hand in hard with restoration of the soul and eventually the whole person? At first it sounds like some dreadfully negative thing that aims to annihilate us. And frankly, from the point of view of the ruined soul, self-denial is and will always been every bit as brutal as it seems to most people on first approach. The ruined life about which most people complain so much anyway. “Those who have found their life (soul) shall lose it,” Jesus said, “while those who have lost their life (soul) for my sake shall find it,” reports Matthew 10.39. And again, “Whoever aims to save their life shall lose it, but whoever loses their life for my shake shall find it. For what have you gained by possessing the entire World if in the process you forfeit your life (soul)—lose yourself. What would you trade your very soul for?” reports Matthew 16.25-26, also Mark 8.35-36; Luke 9.24-25. We must always remember, in hearing these words of Jesus about the worth of the soul, that the art of the great teacher is to put things in ways you will remember even if you do not yet understand them. In that way you can keep working on them (and they on you) until you do understand them. Jesus is the master teacher of the human race, and he teaches accordingly. #RandolphHarris 15 of 18

As we have, I think, an intuitive sense that he is right about the worth of the soul. A German soldier fighting in the trenches along France’s Marne river in World War I, where one million soldiers died on the Western front in 1914, wrote home: “What is the good of escaping all the bullet and shells if my soul is injured.” Some losses are so great that nothing on Earth can make recompense for them. “And after this manner did the Holy Ghost manifest the word of God unto me; wherefore, my beloved son, I know that it is solemn mockery before God, that ye should baptize little children. Behold I say unto you that this thing shall ye teach—repentance and baptism unto those who are accountable and capable of committing sin; yea, teach parents that they must repent and be baptized, and humble themselves as their little children, and they shall all be saved with their little children. And their little children need no repentance, neither baptism. Behold, baptism is unto repentance to fulfilling the commandments unto the remission of sins. However, little children are alive in Christ, even from the foundation of the World; if not so, God is a partial God, and also a changeable God, and a respecter to persons; for how many little children have died without baptism!” reports Moroni 8.9-12. #RandolphHarris 16 of 18

Thou hast healed our wounds, O Lord, by the wounds of Thine Only-begotten Son. What then shall we do now that we have been bought with so great a price? how shall we serve such a Lord, by Whom liberty is promised and an inheritance is offered to us? Work in us, O Lord, what may please Thee; that we may possess Thee, do Thou possess us. We will not go back from Thee; Thou wilt let us live, and we will call upon Thy Name. My Father, I could never have sought my happiness in thy love, unless thou had’st first loved me. Thy Spirit has encouraged me by grace to seek thee, has made known to me thy reconciliation in Jesus, has taught me to believe it, has helped me to take thee for my God and portion. May he grant me to grow in the knowledge and experience of thy love, and walk in it all the way to glory. Blessed for ever be thy fatherly affection, which chose me to be one of thy children by faith in Jesus: I thank thee for giving me the desire to live as such. In Jesus, my brother, I have my new birth, every restraining power, every renewing grace. It is by thy Spirit I call thee Father, believe in thee, love thee; strengthen me inwardly for every purpose of my Christian life; let the Spirit continually reveal to me my interest in Christ, and open to me the riches of they love in him. #RandolphHarris 17 of 18

By thy Spirit may I daily live to thee, rejoice in thy love, find it the same to me as to thy Son, and become rooted and grounded in it as a house on rock; I know but little—increase my knowledge of thy love in Jesus, keep me pressing forward for clearer discoveries of it, so that I may find its eternal fullness; magnify thy love to me according to its greatness, and not according to my deserts or prayers, and whatever increase thou givest, et it draw out greater love to thee. Deliver us from evil, and confirm us in Thy fear and in good works, O Trinity, our God, Who art blessed, and dost live, and govern all things, World without end. O God, Who by the prophet’s voice doest pronounce those blessed that fear Thee; grant us to render an acceptable obedience in Thy fear, and make us hence forth to walk in Thy ways; and let our work under Thy direction be pleasing in Thy sight, and its fruit be sweet in the day of reward. Almighty and everlasting God, Who resistest the proud, and givest grace to the humble; grant, we beseech Thee, that we may not exalt ourselves and provoke Thine indignation, but bow down and receive the gifts of Thy mercy; through Jesus Christ our Lord. I hold that if the Almighty had ever made a set of people that should do all the eating and none of the work, He would have made them with mouths only and no hands. #RandolphHarris 18 of 18

Cresleigh Homes

Sometimes all you need is a little change of perspective! 😍 Imagine your life at #PlumasRanch and join us for a tour of the first model home, opening in just a few days, on Saturday, February 22nd, 2020! https://cresleigh.com/cresleigh-meadows-at-plumas-ranch/residence-4/

Even if you are on the right track, you will get run over if you just sit there. Knowledge has never been known to enter the head through an open mouth. Sometimes it is better to remain quiet and look like a fool, than to pen one’s mouth and remove all doubt. “What therefore God hath joined together, let not humans put asunder,” reports St. Matthew 19.6. The meeting with a master is a rare opportunity which should not be missed but should be eagerly followed up. It may not recur again during one’s own lifetime or during the master’s lifetime. However, it can be followed up only if the aspirant feels intuitively that there is a “ray of affinity” between them, through which the inner contact can be established. Sometimes disciples attach themselves to a master with whom they have no basic affinity. They have been drawn to one by a partial self-deception about one’s nature or by a partial misconception concerning one’s teaching. After a period has elapsed when the harmony with one or one’s teaching has come to an end, and the usefulness of bot is not sufficient to justify the connection, they usually leave and seek elsewhere for inspiration or help. However, in those cases where, for some improper reason, they fail to do so, one may deliberately provoke an incident or arrange a circumstance which will prompt them to go away. #RandolphHarris 1 of 20

It often happens that seekers do not get the true master simply because they would not be attracted to one even when they met one. They naturally are drawn to one whose temperament, character, mentality, and actions are like their own. The unbalanced and the neurotic would be repelled by a sane and equable teacher, the hysterical by a disciplined one, the futile dreamers by an efficient and active one. There is really no choice in the matter—only the illusion of a choice. That which draws one to a particular master is predestination. One may try again and again with someone else. One may not wish to come to this being, but in the end one must come. One’s head may argue itself out of the attraction but one’s heart will push one back into it. It is said that a being will recognize in a moment the master with whom one has true affinity, when meeting one’s person or words. That is true, but the recognition may be so vague or partial or faint that a few years may pass before one will become aware of it, and hence before one takes nay action about it. It would be foolish for anyone to continue to follow a teaching for which one has no liking, or a teacher with whom one has no affinity. However, it would also be foolish to judge either by merely personal and emotional reactions alone. “Pride goeth before destruction, and an haughty spirit before a fall,” reports Proverbs 16.18. #RandolphHarris 2 of 20

What is present in the surface consciousness as a mild interest may be present in the subconscious as a strong love. But, however long it may take, the disproportion will eventually be righted. When this happens, and as pertains to this particular matter, the being comes to know oneself as one really is. This is why the meeting with an antiquated Master or a new truth may not lead to immediate recognition, may indeed take some years to ripen. A guru who is supposed to be an enlightened being but who awakens no feeling of kinship, awe, peace, reverence, or goodness in the person who approaches one may not be enlightened at all—or may not be the proper affinity for the seeker, who may take this as a signal to look elsewhere. However, it would also be a signal to be patient, wait a little, look deeper, and really get to know what is in this being. Something within seems to recognize the true teacher when one appears. When one understands that the visible present has its root in the invisible past and that discipleship is a relation which reappears in birth after birth, this is not miraculous. However, the philosophic path does not depend only on faith or intuition but also on rational appeal and proved fact. Therefore, some time must elapse before one knows thoroughly that one has found the right path and the right teacher. #RandolphHarris 3 of 20

There are some fascinating conditions which produce specified effects in animals. We are not comparing human beings to animals, but these findings may be of interest. Perhaps I have already given ample evidence of the significant and often frightening power of this young field of science. Yet before we turn to the implications of all this, I should like to push the matter one step further by mentioning a few small bits of the very large amount of knowledge which has accumulated in regard to the behaviour of animals. We know how to establish the conditions which will cause young ducklings to develop a lasting devotion to, for example, an old shoe. Hess has carried out studied of the phenomenon of “imprinting,” first investigated in Europe. He has shown that in mallard ducklings, for example, there are a few crucial hours—from the 13^th to the 17^th hour after hatching—when the duckling becomes attached to any object to which it may be exposed. The more effort it exerts in following this object, the more intense will be the attachment. Normally of course this results in an attachment to the mother duck, but the duckling can just as easily form an indelible devotion to any goal object—to a decoy duck, to a human being, or, as I have mentioned, to an old shoe. Is there any similar tendency in the human infant? One cannot help but speculate. #RandolphHarris 4 of 20

Behavioural sciences are making rapid strides in understanding, prediction, and control of behaviour. In important ways we know how to select individuals who will exhibit certain behaviours; to establish conditions in groups which will lead to various predictable group behaviours; to establish conditions which, in an individual, will lead to specified behavioural results; and in animals our ability to understand, predict and control goes even further, possibly foreshadowing future steps in relation to humans. If your reaction is the same as mine, then you will have found that this picture I have given has its deeply frightening aspects. With all the immaturity of this young science, and its vast ignorance, even its present state of knowledge contains awesome possibilities. Suppose some individual or group had both the knowledge available, and the power to use that knowledge for some purpose. Individuals could be selected who would be leaders and others who would be followers. Persons could be developed, enhanced and facilitated, or they could be weakened and disintegrated. Troublemakers could be discovered and dealt with before they became such. Morale could be improved or lowered. Behaviour could be influenced by appeals to motives of which the individual was unconscious. It could be a nightmare of manipulations. #RandolphHarris 5 of 20

Admittedly this is wild fantasy, but it is not an impossible fantasy. Perhaps it makes clear the reason why Robert Oppenheimer, one of the most gifted of our natural scientists, looks out from his own domain of physics, and out of the experiences in that field voices a warning. He says that there are some similarities between physics and psychology, and one of these similarities “is the extent to which our progress will create profound problems of decision in the public domain. The physicists have been quite noisy about their contributions in the last decade. The time may well come—as psychology acquires a sound objective corpus of knowledge about human behaviour and feeling—when the powers of control thus made available will pose far graver problems than any the physicists have posed.” Imagine if law enforcement of the media was able to unethically and illegally access your medical record and distort and spread rumors and manipulate you based on their information they have obtained and run experiments on you. Some of you may feel that I have somehow made the problem more serious that it is. You may point out that it is unlikely that Constitutional Law would actually allow abuses like this in society, and that for the most part these studies are important to the behavioural scientist but have little practical impact on our culture. #RandolphHarris 6 of 20

I agree with this last point. The behavioural sciences at the present time are at somewhat the same stage as the physical sciences several generations ago. As a rather recent example of what I mean, take the argument which occurred around 1900 as to whether a heavier-than-air machine could fly. The science of aeronautics was not well-developed or precise, so that though there were findings which gave an affirmative answer, other studies could be lined up on the negative side. Most important of all, the public did not believe that this science possessed any validity, or would ever significantly affect the culture. They preferred to use their common sense, which told them that humans could not possibly fly in a contraption which was heavier than air. Contrast the public attitude toward aeronautics at that time with the attitude today. People are now expecting to be driving flying cars soon, have cameras that can fly hundreds of feet into the air and conduct surveillance, and much like launching satellites into space, all of these new technologies were consider an utterly fantastic scheme. However, so deeply had the public come to have faith in the natural sciences that not a voice was raised in disbelief. The only questions the public asked was, “When?” There is every reason to believe that the same sequence of events will occur in connection with the behavioral sciences and perhaps we will be able to cure violence and racism? #RandolphHarris 7 of 20

First the public ignores or views with disbelief; than as it discovers that the findings of a science are more dependable than common sense, it begins to use them; the widespread use of knowledge of a science creates a tremendous demand, so that humans and money and effort are poured into the science; finally the development of the science spirals upward at an ever-increasing rate. It seems highly probable that this sequence will be observed in the behavioural sciences. Consequently even though the findings of these sciences are not widely used today, there is every likelihood that they will be widely used tomorrow. We have in the making then a science of enormous potential importance, an instrumentality whose social power will make atomic energy seem feeble by comparison. And there is no doubt that the questions raised by this development will be questions of vital importance for this and coming generations. How shall we use the power of this new science? What happens to the individual person in this brave new World? Who will hold the power to use this new knowledge? Toward what end or purpose or value will this new type of knowledge be used? Perhaps we will find out very soon. “The Lord bless thee, and keep thee. The Lord make his face shine upon thee, and be gracious unto thee,” reports Numbers 6.24. #RandolphHarris 8 of 20

Whether an individual’s biographical life line is sustained in the mind of one’s intimates or in the personnel files of an organization, and whether the documentation of one’s personal identity is carried on one’s person or stored in files, one is an entity about which a record can be built up—a copybook has been made ready for one to blot. One is anchored as an object for biography. While the biography has been used by social scientists, especially in the form of a career life history, little attention has been given to the general properties of the of the concept, except in noting that biographies are very subject to retrospective construction. Social role as a concept and as formal element of social organization has been thoroughly examined, but biography has not. The first point to note about biographies is that we assume that an individual can really have only one of them, this being guaranteed by the laws of physics rather than those of society. Anything and everything an individual has done and can actually do is understood to be containable within one’s biography, as the Jekyll-Hyde theme illustrates, even if we have to hire biography specialist, a private detective, to fill in the missing facts and connection the discovered ones for us. No matter how big a scoundrel a person is, no matter how false, secretive, or disjointed one’s existence, or how governed by fits, starts, and reversals, the true facts of one’s activity cannot be contradictory or unconnected with each other. #RandolphHarris 9 of 20

Note that this embracing singleness of life line is in sharp contrast to the multiplicity of selves one finds in the individual in looking at one from the perspective of social role, where, if role and audience segregation is well managed, one can quite handily sustain different selves and can to a degree claim to be no longer something one was. Given these assumptions about the nature of personal identity, a factor emerges that will be relevant for this report: degree of “informational connectedness.” Given the important social facts about a person, the kind of facts reported in one’s obituary, how close to each other or how distant is a given pair of them as measured by the frequency with which those who know either fact will also know the other? More generally, given the body of important social facts about the individual, in what degree do those who know some know many? Social misrepresentation is to be distinguished from personal misrepresentation; and upper middle-class businessman who takes off for a lost weekend by “dressing down” and going to an inexpensive Summer resort misrepresents himself in the first way; when he registers in a motel as Mr. Smith, he misrepresents himself in the second way. And whether social or personal identity is involved, one can distinguish representation aimed at proving one is what one is not, from representation aimed at proving one is not what one is. #RandolphHarris 10 of 20

The wives and daughters of the new middle-class in the Victorian era were not typically part of the family’s economic survival. However, women like Sarah Winchester was the head of her household and controlled the family business, which was worth over a billion dollars (adjusted for inflation). To confirm the new gentry, many office workers’ wives cultivated the interests and manners of the gentlewomen of earlier generations. These families had just climbed the slippery slope of social class in one generation. If the woman of the house had to work, the family clearly had not arrived. Instead, the women of the family must cultivate a profound and pure ignorance of how to support themselves. They must learn “not to have head for figures.” They must never do anything that could be remotely interpreted as useful. They must embody high moral standards unsullied by contact with the World and high aesthetic standards to bring beauty and truth to the family. What is the result of confining half the population to their houses with al the necessities of life easily provided for by the new industrial America? The high Victorian parlor. Imagine a woman spending all of her productive years in her parlor and other people’s parlors. She is taught that her role is to bring beauty to the home through the nobility of such eighteenth-century crafts as hand needlework. #RandolphHarris 11 of 20

She is forbidden to read serious books or write for fear of taxing her innocent mind. The result would be an explosion of decorative crafts cluttering up every room in the house, especially the parlor. As an example, take the simple art of flower arranging. Soon everything that could be done with natural flowers had been done. Soon thereafter the possibilities of dried flowers were flowers were exhausted. With cloth and wire and glue, silk flowers can be crafted. With dye and chicken feathers, feather flowers are born. With wire springs and thread, flower petals can be formed and joined together. With shells and glue, shell flowers are made. With the hair of dearly departed loved ones, memorial flowers wreaths are fashioned. With gum Arabic or sugar paste or tissue paper or glass beads or foil or mica, flowers can be made and displayed in bouquets under glass domes or in wreaths or as crosses in shadow boxes. Framed flowers fashioned from human hair are somewhat unusual to us but were a perfect combination of sentimental nostalgia, valued handiwork in the age of the machine, and a taste for prettiness that epitomizes the late nineteenth century. Lace, applique embroidery, and quilting—all women’s crafts—soften the factory-made Eastlake sofas that were popular. #RandolphHarris 12 of 20

The most popular group of crafts was certainly needlework. Making clothing was far too plebeian and was now accomplished by automatic Singer sewing machines in sweatshops by immigrants. Berlin work was the preferred activity of Victorian ladies. Named for the printed canvasses available from Germany, Berlin work encompassed needlepoint and petit point. It was closely allied to embroidery on prepunched composition board, to regular and counted cross-stitching embroidery, and to crewel work with its wide repertoire of stitches. “Drawn thread work” could be used to make a fancy border on a simple linen guest towel. Crochet produced a coarse lace while knitting produced many booties and blankets. Even more characteristic of late Victorian needlework are the bizarre and curious items favoured by such popular magazines as Godey’s Lady’s Book. Bits of cloth and cardboard were wrapped in thread and sewn together, ornamented with more thread in the form of tassels and pompons, and decorated with glued-on gewgaws to make containers and covers for every imaginable object. Cases and boxes for thread, of course, were needed, for scissors and chalks and eyeglasses and slippers and books and bric-a-brac. If a doily or dainty or antimacassar could support an object or a cozy or cover could surround it or a tidy bow accent it, it was done. No surface was left bare. Every horizontal plane required a cover, every vertical plane a drapery, and every object a receptable—all made of needlework. #RandolphHarris 13 of 20

There is a basic difference in the furnishing of parlors in the 1840s, 1860, and 1880s, apart from the proliferation of handiwork and art. In the 1840s, the Greek Revival style favoured an orderly, symmetrical arrangement of furniture. The furniture was arranged against the walls and upholstered in horsehair or scarlet velvet to match. The effect was very formal with the architecture and furniture perfectly coordinated. This kind of parlor was not for chatty family gatherings and could only be maintained by those who were rich enough to keep one room for visitors. Some has parlors with bright, lozenge-paneled walls, pastel demask settees and chairs, Aubusson rugs, and richly decorated ceilings. By the 1850s and ‘60s, there had been superficial change in style and more basic change in the way the room was used. Furniture was now usually fashioned in a machine-made revival of eighteenth-century French Rococo. It might be called Louis XIV, XV, XVI, or even Marie Antoinette. What is important, however, is that the furniture was now arranged in informal conversational groupings. It was still upholstered “en suite,” now most likely in damask, but it was no longer arranged against the wall. Instead, a settee and a few chairs were gathered on the rose-bowered carpet table under the gaslight was used for reading books, then cleared for tea with visitors, then cleared against for evening parlor games. #RandolphHarris 14 of 20

It is safe to say that the second most important room in the Victorian home was the dining room, where not only the family gathered, but where social interaction took place among family and visitors. In the family it should be observed as a rule to meet together at all meals of the day around one common table where the same rules of etiquette should be as rigidly observed as the at the table of a stranger. Up to the Elizabethan period, no one room was specifically designed for eating. Meals took place in sitting rooms, kitchens, or hall/entrance ways (which were sizable) in which tables and chairs, or benches, were set up for meals, then removed afterward. Grand mansions, of course, had their banquet halls. It was when a room convenient to the kitchen and pantry evolved, that the dining room, as we know it, came to be. Dining rooms were also public rooms in which the best in furniture and décor was displayed. Typically dining room furniture would be a table, if possible, with extensions (an invention that occurred during the Victorian period), dining chairs, and a sideboard or chiffonier for storing serving pieces and presenting food. During this period, dining rose to its most elegant state. Etiquette books prescribed serving and dinning behaviour down to the smallest detail. Serving pieces and dining utensils had very specific purposes such as pickle casters with pickle tongs, celery dishes, and syllabub-sticks. #RandolphHarris 15 of 20

Sideboards made of walnut, oak, or mahogany could include features like carved columns and friezes, pediments, and cornices, and were small works of architecture in themselves. Styles ranged from the intricately carved Jacobean and Gothic or Rococo Revival, to the clean lines of a Sheraton or Chippendale piece. Beginning around the 1860s, the sideboard was the most important piece of furniture in the dinning room, equal relevance to the parlor’s center table. Families with sufficient means had built in sideboards. An 1892 Ladies Home Journal article tells what the sideboard is for, “Several people have asked me about the uses of the sideboard. The drawers are for the silver and cutlery, the closets for wine, if they be used, and often for such things as preserved ginger, confectionary, cut sugar, and indeed, any of the many little things that one likes to have in the dining-room yet out of sight. The water picture and other silver and pretty bits of china can be placed on the sideboard. Cracker jar and fruit dish also belong there. At dinner time the dessert dishes are usually arranged upon it.” The dining room table had been a relatively simple piece of furniture up to mid-century, when the extension table became popular. #RandolphHarris 16 of 20

Drop-leaf and gate-leg tables preceded the extension table, as ways to increase the size of the dining area when needed. Outside the simple country table or one designed by Sheraton or Heppelwhite, the dining room table was an extraordinarily massive piece of furniture with, depending on the exact style, fluted columns, clawed feet, or pedestal bases. Earlier in the century, the lines of the popular Renaissance Revival demanded very tall sideboards and high back chairs, while later, the graceful lines of the Art Nouveau and lower profile Arts and Crafts Movement, presented a more horizontal effect. It was recommended that the chairs around the dining table be of material that was easily cleaned such as cane, or leather, if upholstery was absolutely essential. Wall and floor decorations followed the patterns of other rooms in the house, according to the period. Dining rooms from the 1840s and 1850s had plain painted walls and not much in the way of wall decoration. Then came the deeply shaded walls of crimson, gold, or deep green or blue. Wainscotting or even fully paneled walls added an elegant touch. Lincrusta-Walton, an embossed wallpaper of a composition material that could be easily cleaned, was popular as a dado treatment for adding texture to the wall. #RandolphHarris 17 of 20

Area rugs were used throughout the century in the dining room. Wood floors were common and sometimes covered over by wall-to-wall carpeting. (Many people who buy Victorian homes today always feel blessed to find the original wood floors under the carpet.) Of course, it could be protected by laying a crumb cloth underneath the table. After 1880, wood parquet floors in a variety of patters provided an option to the pine planks or oak-wood strips of earlier homes. Today, many builders, like Cresleigh Homes, are being kind to the environment and saving trees by using luxury vinyl wood, which looks nice and is extremely durable. The intent, maybe more so in the dining room than parlor, was to create an atmosphere of comfort that was also functional. Above all, good taste must be observed, for it was all too easy to slip from a refined display of china, glass, and sliver, to an ostentatious showiness of excessive material goods. Dinner parities were elaborate, starting with engraved invitations and a menu of the cuisine to be served. There was great discourse on how many tablecloths to use, two or three (removed in stages between courses.) Courses were numerous, starting with soup, followed by fish, then game, or other meat. Vegetables accompanied the meat, then came a salad course. #RandolphHarris 18 of 20

Finger bowls were used, dessert and a fruit course concluded the meal, and coffee was served, either at the table or in the parlor or library. At this point, if the men were to indulge in smoking and brandies, the genders might separate. “And charity suffereth long, and is kind, and envieth not, and is not easily provoked, thinketh no evil, and rejoiceth in the truth, beareth all things, believeth all things, hopeth all things, endureth all things. Wherefore, my beloved brethren, if ye have not charity never faileth. Wherefore, cleave unto charity which is the greatest of all, for all things must fail—but charity is pure love of Christ, and it endureth forever; and whoso is found possessed of it at the last day, it shall be well with one,” reports Moroni 7.45-47. O Lord our God, multiply upon us Thy grace, and grant us to follow, by a holy profession, the triumph of those whose glorious conflicts we celebrate; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Grant, O Almighty God, that we may evermore praise Thee in the commemoration of Thy Saints; for Thou wilt be careful to cherish those whom Thou hast enabled to preserve in honouring Thee; through Jesus Christ our Lord. O God of the highest Heaven, occupy the throne of my heart, take full possession and reign supreme lay low every rebel lust, let no vile passion resist thy holy war; manifest thy mighty power, and make me thine for ever. #RandolphHarris 19 of 20

Thou art worthy to be praised with my every breath, loved with my every faculty of soul, served with my every act of life. Thou hast loved me, espoused me, received me, purchased, washed, favoured, clothed, adorned me, when I was worthless, vile, soiled, polluted. I was dead in iniquities, having no eyes to see thee, no ears to hear thee, no taste to relish thy joys, no intelligence to know thee; but thy Spirit has quickened me, has brought me into a new World as a new creature, has given me spiritual perception, has opened to me thy word as light, guide, solace, joy. Thy presence is to me a treasure of unending peace; no provocation can part me from thy sympathy, for thou hast drawn me with cords of love, and dost forgive me daily, hourly. O help me then to walk worthy of thy love, of my hopes, and my vocation. Keep me, for I cannot keep myself; protect me that no evil befall me; let me lay aside every sin admired of many; help me to walk by thy side, lean on thy arm, hold converse with thee, that hence forth I maybe salt of the Earth and a blessing to all. Too long has the word “Master” been bandied on the lips of the people; they talk of “Master” as of a politician—setting up to judge one or they make wild statements about him or letting their imaginations run loose about one. It is not right that the Illuminati should be discussed so lightly and it is far better to let them remain as Illuminati to be thought of in silent hours of prayers and not to be analysed at our tea-tables as we analyse the events of the day. #RandolphHarris 20 of 20

Cresleigh Homes

Move to a community that promotes a vibrant lifestyle. 🌿 #RocklinTrails is based upon the principle of walkability, and gorgeous green-space entries remind you of the beauty all around. There is only one home remaining in Rocklin’s most exciting new community! Inquire at rocklintrails@cresleigh.com or explore our website for more information on Home Site 55! 🏡 https://cresleigh.com/new-homes-in-rocklin-california-rocklin-trails/

New opinion are always suspected, and usually opposed, without any other reason but because they are not already common. Some psychiatrists believe that humans are much more destructive and much crueler than animals. Animals are not sadistic; animals are not enemies of life. However, human history is a chronicle of unimaginable cruelty and destructiveness. That record gives us no reason to make light of the strength and intensity of human aggressiveness. However, I also think that the rots of our aggressiveness do not go back to our terrestrial nature, our instincts, and our past, but that human aggressiveness, to the extent that it is greater than that of animals, can be explained by the specific conditions of human existence. Aggressiveness, or destructiveness is an evil; it is not just a “so-called” evil. However, it is human. It is potential present in humans, present in all of us, and it will come to the fore if our development does not take better, more mature directions. The human “extra” of aggression, that measure of aggression in humans that exceeds animal aggression, is rooted in human character. I do not mean character here in a legal sense but in a psychoanalytical sense: character as a system of relationships that link an individual to the World. By character I mean what humans have created to replace the animal instincts that are only minimally developed in one. #RandolphHarris 1 of 18

What I am saying about character here may sound somewhat theoretical, but if you look back on your own experience I am sure that many of you will understand precisely what I am driving at when I speak of character in that sense. You will surely have come across people whom you would identify as having a sadistic character. And you will also have met others would characterize as “kindly.” When you make those judgments you are not saying that this person once did something sadistic or that that one was once very friendly. You are referring instead to a quality of character that runs through the individual’s entire life. There are sadistic individuals who never do anything sadistic because they never have the opportunity to, and only a very few acute observer will ever catch them red-handed in some small sadistic act. Conversely, there are character that are not basically destructive, yet individuals of this kind may shoot someone else down in a fit of rage or despair. However, that does not by any means indicate that their characters are essentially destructive. If we assume that human, that is, rooted in human’s specifically human condition and not in one’s primitive past, then we can avoid a logical paradox that the theoreticians of instinct cannot escape, try as they might. They claim that human’s greater aggressiveness can be explained from the lesser aggressiveness of animals. #RandolphHarris 2 of 18

  How can that be? We cannot assume that what a human has inherited from their primitive past has made them much more and aggressive and destructive than animals have ever been. The more logical conclusion is that human behaviour that differs from animal behaviour—in this case, human’s greater cruelty—is not something humans have inherited from their primitive past but something originating in the specific conditions of human existence. However, now let me make a few remarks about animal aggressiveness. Animal aggressiveness is attuned to biological needs. It serves the survival of the individual and of the species, and it is mobilized whenever there is an external threat to the animal’s vital interests, for example, whenever one is faced with a threat to one’s life, one’s food, one’s relations with animals of the opposite gender, one’s territory, or the like. If threatened, animals—and human beings—will react with either aggressiveness or flight. If no threat is present, no aggression will be mobilized. Aggressiveness is present in the brain as a mechanism that can be activated at any time but does not accumulate and does not have to be vented in actions if there is no particular stimulus or occasion for such behaviour. It does not, in other words, reflect the “hydraulic” model. #RandolphHarris 3 of 18

When the neurophysiologist Hess showed which centers or which areas of the brain produced aggressiveness when the appropriate stimuli were present and when a threat to vital interests mobilized those centers, he was the first to make it very clear that animal aggressiveness does not reflect the hydraulic model. The aggressiveness of predators is a different matter. Predators attack to obtain their food. That predatory aggressiveness is located, neurophysiologically, in enters of the brain different from the ones that control defensives aggression. On the whole, then, we find that animals are generally not very aggressive at all, unless they happen to be threatened. Blood is rarely spilled among animals, even when they actually fight. Observation of chimpanzees, sacred baboons, and other primates has shown how extraordinarily peaceful the social life of those primate actually is. We can probably safely say that if humanity displayed no more aggression than the chimpanzees, we would not have to worry about war and aggression at all. The same is true of wolves. Wolves are predators, and if they attack a sheep, they are of course aggressive. Human beings imagine the wolf to be an incredibly aggressive creature. However, in doing so they confuse one’s aggressiveness in finding food with one’s aggressiveness when one is not hunting for food. #RandolphHarris 4 of 18Wolves among themselves are not the least bit aggressive; they are downright friendly. It is therefore unjust to characterize human aggressiveness by comparing it with aggressiveness among wolves, as we do when we say that one man behaved toward another as one wolf did toward another (homo homini lupus). We could possibly say “as a wolf behaved toward a sheep” but not “as a wolf did toward a wolf.” We can see, then, that animal aggressiveness does not follow the hydraulic model. As long as the animal is not threatened, there is no constantly increasing aggressiveness that finally produces an explosion. To put it another way, human aggressiveness is a possibility provided by biology and present in the brain, but its activation is not a necessity. It will not manifest itself unless the need for self-preservation sets it in motion. That is an important difference from the behaviouristic thesis holding that aggressiveness is a learned trait and that it is circumstances and circumstances only that make people aggressive. Things are not that simple either, for if aggressiveness could be taught by circumstances, it could not move into action as quickly and intensely as it does and as it in fact must. The reality is that aggressiveness is a biological given, a possibility that is present and that can be mobilized very quickly. All the neurophysiological mechanisms necessary for its activation are there and functional in us, but, as I have said, they have to be mobilized first, and without mobilization they need not go into action. #RandolphHarris 5 of 18

Let me illustrate the point with a graphic example. If, for self-defense, someone keeps a revolver next to one of one’s bed at night or in one’s desk during the day, that does not mean one intends to shoot that revolver all the time. However, it does mean that one will use it in case of danger. That is precisely the way the physiology of our brain is organized. There is a revolver present in out brain, as it were, always ready for quick action in case of an attack. However, contrary to what the instinct theory claims, the existence of that state of preparedness does not result in a piling up of aggression that eventually has to explode. Then, too, Hess and other neurophysiologists have found that animals respond to danger not only with attacks but also with flight. Attack is the last resort the animal takes when its chances of flight are cut off. Only then does it attack; only then does it fight. And if we are to speak of an “aggressive instinct” in human beings, then we must also speak of a flight instinct as well. If the proponents of a theory of aggression and of instinct say humans are constantly prodded on by aggressive feelings that one can control only when the greatest of difficulty, we are obliged to add that humans are also motivated by an almost irresistible urge to flee, and this impulse, too, can be controlled only with the greatest of difficulty. #RandolphHarris 6 of 18

Anyone who has ever observed combat knows very well how strong the human impulse to flee is. Otherwise we would not need the laws that often punish military desertion with death. In other words, the human brain provides us with two possibilities for reacting to an attack: We can fight or we can flee. However, both the flight impulse and the attack impulse remain inactive if there is no threat, and they do not automatically produce a constantly active and ever-increasing tendency for aggression or flight. We have seen that the “hydraulic” theory of aggression is not tenable. Neurophysiological findings show that neither human or animal aggressiveness is a constantly growing, spontaneously self-activating drive but is mobilized by stimuli carrying a threat to either the human being’s or the animal’s existence or vital interests. However, there are reasons other than physiological ones that make the “hydraulic” theory untenable. It collapses, too, in the face of facts we can marshal from anthropology, paleontology, psychiatry, and social psychology. If the theory were correct, then we would expect that on the whole aggressiveness would be about the same in all individuals and in all cultures and societies. We would, of course, make allowance—as we do with intelligence—for differences in intensity, relatively small though those differences are. However, by and large people everywhere should display the same amount of aggressiveness and destructiveness. However, that is simply not the case. #RandolphHarris 7 of 18

Perhaps even more impressive than our knowledge of groups is the knowledge which is accumulating in the behavioural sciences as to the conditions which will be followed by specified types of behaviour in the individual. It is the possibility of scientific prediction and control of individual behaviour which comes closet to the interest of each one of us. Let us look at scattered bits of this type of knowledge. We know how to set up the conditions under which many individuals will report as true, judgments which are contrary to the evidence of their senses. And when a person is led to believe that everyone else in the group has an opinion, then one has a strong tendency to go along with this judgment, and in many instances does so with a real belief in one’s false report. Not only can we predict that a certain percentage of the individuals will thus yield, and disbelieve their own senses, but we can also determine the personality attributes of those who will do so, and by selection procedures would be able to choose a group who would almost uniformly give in to these pressures for conformity. We know how to change the opinions of an individual in a selected direction, without one’s ever becoming aware of the stimuli which changed one’s opinion. #RandolphHarris 8 of 18

A static, expressionless portrait of a man was flashed on a screen by Smith, Spence and Klein. Then they intermittently flashed the word “angry” on the screen, at exposures so brief that the subjects were consciously completely unaware of having seen the word. They tended, however, to see the face as becoming more angry. When the word “happy” was flashed on the screen in similar fashion, the viewers tended to see the face as becoming more happy. Thus they were clearly influenced by stimuli which registered at a subliminal level, stimuli of which the individual was not, and could not be, aware. We know how to influence psychological moods, attitudes, and behaviours, through drugs. For this illustration we step over into the rapidly developing borderline area between chemistry and psychology. Fromm drugs to keep awake while driving or studying, to so-called “truth serum” which reduces the psychological defenses of the individual, to the chemotherapy now practiced in psychiatric wards, the range and complexity of the growing knowledge in this field is striking. Increasingly there are efforts to find drugs with more specific effects—a drug which will energize the depressive individual, another to calm the excited, and the like. Drugs have reportedly been given to soldiers before a battle to eliminate fear. #RandolphHarris 9 of 18

Trade names for the tranquilizing drugs such as Miltown have already crept into our language, even into our cartoons. While much is still unknown about this field, in the not-too-distant future, the motivational and emotional conditions of normal life will probably be maintained in any desired state through the use of drugs. While this seems to be a somewhat exaggerated view, this prediction could be partially justified. We know how to provide psychological conditions which will produce vivid hallucinations and other abnormal reactions in the thoroughly normal individual in the waking state. This knowledge came about as the unexpected by-product of research at McGill University. It was discovered that if all channels of sensory stimulation are cut off or muffled, abnormal reactions follow. If healthy subjects lie motionless, to reduce kinaesthetic stimuli, with eyes shielded by translucent goggles which do not permit perception, with hearing largely stifled by foam rubber pillows as well as by being in a quiet cubicle, and with tactile sensations reduced by cuffs over the hands, then hallucinations and bizarre ideation bearing some resemblance to that of the psychotic occur withing forty-eight hours in most subjects. What the results would be if the sensory stifling were continued longer is not known because the experience seemed so potentially dangerous that the investigators were reluctant to continue it. #RandolphHarris 10 of 18

We know how to use a person’s own words to open up whole troubled areas in one’s experience. When a recorded therapeutic interview with a patient, brief statements by the patient which seem significantly related to the underlying dynamics of the case. Such a brief statement is then put on a continuous tape so that it can be played over and over. When the patient hears one’s own significant words repeated again and again, the effect is very potent. By the time it has been repeated twenty or thirty times the patient often begs to have it stopped. It seems clear that it penetrates the individual’s defenses, and opens up the whole psychic area related to that statement. For example, a woman who feels very inadequate and is having marital difficulties, talked about her mother in one interview, saying of her, among other things, “That is what I cannot understand—that one could strike at a little child.” This recorded sentence was played over and over to her. It made her very uneasy and frightened. It also opened up to her all her feelings about her mother. It helped her to see that “not being able to trust my mother not to hurt me has made me mistrustful of everybody.” This is a very simple example of the potency of the method, which can not only be helpful but which can be dangerously disorganizing if it penetrates the defenses too deeply or too rapidly. #RandolphHarris 11 of 18

We know the attitudes which, if provided by a counselor or a therapist, will be predictably followed by certain constructive personality and behaviour changes in the client. Studies we have completed in recent years in the field of psychotherapy justify this statement. The findings from these studies may be very briefly summarized in the following way. If the therapist provides a relationship in which one is a genuine, internally consistent; acceptant, prizing the clients as a person of worth; empathically understanding of the client’s private World of feelings and attitudes; then certain changes occur in the client. Some of these changes are; the client becomes more realistic in one’s self-perceptions; more confident and self-directing; more beneficially valued by oneself; less likely to repress elements of one’s experience; more mature, socialized and adaptive in one’s behaviour; less upset by stress and quicker to recover from it; more like the healthy, integrated, well-functioning person in one’s personality structure. These changes do not occur in a control group, and appear to be definitely associated with the client’s being in a therapeutic relationship. We know how to disintegrate a being’s personality structure, dissolving one’s self-confidence, destroying the concept one has of oneself, and making one dependent on another. We have an accurate study of the process popularly know as “brainwashing.” #RandolphHarris 12 of 18

The study has shown that no magical nor essentially new methods have been used, but mostly a combination of practices have been developed for brainwashing by rule of thumb. What is involved is largely a somewhat horrifying reversal of the conditions of psychotherapy briefly noted above. If the individual under suspicion is rejected and isolated for a long time, then one’s need for a human relationship is greatly intensified. The interrogator exploits this by building a relationship in which one shows mostly non-acceptance, and does all one can to arouse guilt, conflict and anxiety. One is acceptant toward the subject only when the subject cooperates by being willing to view events through the interrogator’s eyes. One is completely rejecting of the subject’s internal frame of reference, or personal perception of events. Gradually, out of ones need for more acceptance, the subject comes to accept half-truths as being true, until little by little one has given up one’s own view of one’s self and of one’s behaviour and has accepted the viewpoint of one’s interrogator. One is very much demoralized and disintegrated as a person, and largely the puppet of the interrogator. One is then willing to “confess: that one is an enemy of the state, and has committed all kinds of treasonable acts which wither one has not done, or which actually had a very different significance. #RandolphHarris 13 of 18

In a sense it is misleading to describe these methods as a product of the behaviour sciences. They were developed by the police, not by scientists. Yet I include them here since it is very clear that these crude methods could be made decidedly more effective by the means of scientific knowledge which we now possess. In short our knowledge of how personality and behaviour may be changed can be sued constructively or destructively, to build or to destroy persons. Remember the story in the Bible, Matthew 20.12-15, about a land owner who paid all the workers equally no matter how many hours they worked? Well, at a certain state university there was a freshman English class with the typical variety of students. One the one hand there were a few conscientious and well-disciplined students who had learned good study habits in high school. They consistently did assignments, studied well for tests, and turned in well-prepared term papers on time. At the opposite end of the spectrum were the typical “party boys” who did just enough work to get by. They rarely did assignments, hardly studied for tests, and never turned in a term paper on time. And as is typical in such a class, the vast majority of students were somewhere in between. At last final exam day arrived. As expected, the disciplined students all did well, and the party boys all did poorly. #RandolphHarris 14 of 18

After a couple of days, the professor posted the grades outside his office door. As the students crowded around to see what grade they had received, they were all stunned to see that everyone in the class had received an “A.” The party boys could hardly believe their good fortune, and the good students were outraged to realized that those who deserved to fail had received the same tip grade as they had. If you saw any credibility in this story you probably shared in the outrage of the hardworking students. It certainly does seem unfair that the class of “goof-offs” should receive the same grade as those who actually earned an “A.” However, what you have read is simply a modern-day version of the parable of the generous landowner we considered in the Bible story. Although I have recast the story in terms of a present-day setting, the essential elements of the two stories are identical. In both versions a group of people got far more than they deserved and received as much reward as those who had actually worked for theirs. The message even of the biblical parable strikes many people as unfair. One some speaking occasions, I have actually asked for a how of hands on the issue, and the vast majority of people have felt the landowner was unfair. People agree with those workers who labored a full twelve hours, right through the heat of the day, that they should be paid more than those who worked only one hour. #RandolphHarris 15 of 18

In the strict context of labour relations (or of class grades in the modern parable), they are right that the people who worked longer should have been paid more. The landowner and the English professor both seem unfair. However, Jesus was not teaching principles of labour relations. He was teaching principles of grace. He said, “The kingdom of Heaven is like…” and proceeded to tell the parable. In effect, He said to Peter, “In the kingdom of Heaven the operative principle is not merit but grace.” One group of people did not think the landowner was unfair: the labourers who worked only one hour. Jesus did not tell us their reaction, but we can easily assume they were elated and grateful. As the day had worn on, leaving them standing unemployed in the marketplace, their hope for any pay and hence any food for their families for the day had gradually eroded. At give o’clock in the afternoon they faced an evening with no supper. Finally they were given an opportunity to earn what they assumed would be a mere pittance, one-twelfth of a day’s wages—not nearly enough to buy food for their families. It is not hard to imagine, then their joy upon receiving a day’s wages, enough to feed their families that day. They did not think about any unfairness on the part of the landowner; they considered him very generous. #RandolphHarris 16 of 18

God is teaching us to be the change we want to see in the World and giving everyone grace so they can feel compelled to treat others well. “I judge that ye have faith in Christ because of your meekness; for if ye have not faith in him then ye are not fit to be numbered among the people of his church. And again, my beloved brethren I would speak unto you concerning hope. How is it that ye can attain unto faith, save ye shall have hope? And what is it that ye shall hope for? Behold I say unto you that ye shall have hope through the atonement of Christ and the power of his resurrection, to be raised unto life eternal, and this because of your faith in him according to the promise. Wherefore, if a being have faith one must needs have hope; for without faith there cannot be any hope,” reports Moroni 7.39-41. Lord Jesus Christ, pour into us the Holy Spirit promised by the Father, that He may give us life, and teach us the fulness of truth in the Mystery of the blessed and undivided Trinity; that our salvation may be perfectly accomplished by His gift, wherein consists the perfection of all virtue. O Holy Spirit of the Comforter, Who with the Father and the Son abides One God in Trinity; descend this day into our hearts, that while Thou makest intercession for us, we may with full confidence call upon our Father. May the infinite and ineffable Trinity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, direct our life in good works, and after our passage through this World vouchsafe to us eternal rest with the righteous. Grant this, O Eternal and Almighty God. #RandolphHarris 17 of 18

Lord God Almighty, Thou art beforehand with men for thou hast reconciled thyself to the World through the cross, and dost beseech people to accept reconciliation. It is my responsibility to grasp thy overtures of grace, for if thou, the offended part, act first with the word of appeasement, I need not call in question thy willingness to save, but must deplore my own foolish maliciousness; if I do not come to thee as one who seeks thy favour, I live in contempt, anger, malice, self-sufficiency, and thou dost call it enmity. Thou hast taught me the necessity of a mediator, a messiah, to be embraced in love with all my heart, as king to rule me, as prophet to guide me, as priest to take away my sin and death, and this by faith in thy beloved Son who teaches me not to guide myself, not to obey myself, not to try to rule and conquer sin, but to cleave to the one who will do all for me. Thou hast made known to me that to save me is Christ’s work, but to cleave to him by faith is my work, and with this faith is the necessity of my daily repentance as mourning for the sin which Christ by grace has removed. Continue, O God, to teach me that faith apprehends Christ’s righteousness not only for the satisfaction of justice, but as unspotted evidence of thy love to me. Help me to make use of his work of salvation as the ground of peace, and thy favour to, and acceptance for me the sinner, so that I may live always near the cross. #RandolphHarris 18 of 18

BRIGHTON STATION AT CRESLEIGH RANCH

Rancho Cordova, CA |

Now Selling!

NOW SELLING! Brighton Station at Cresleigh Ranch is Rancho Cordova’s newest home community! This charming neighborhood offers an array of home types with eye catching architecture styles such as Mid-Century Modern, California Modern, Prairie, and Contemporary Farmhouse.

Located off Douglas Road and Rancho Cordova Parkway, the residents of Cresleigh Ranch will enjoy, being just minutes from shopping, dining, and entertainment, and quick access to Highway 50 and Grant Line Road providing a direct route into Folsom. Residents here also benefit from no HOA fees, two community parks and the benefits of being a part of the highly-rated Elk Grove Unified School District. https://cresleigh.com/brighton-station/

It is good sportsmanship to not pick up lost golf balls while they are still rolling. Progress, therefore, is not an accident, but a necessity…It is part of nature. Progressive people cannot help having detractors, for people can see only what one permits them to see. And if that small part is misread by them, one has to remain silent. One will not force an affinity where it does not exist. They may have visited one and talked with one, not once but several times; they may think they know one well, yet in reality they have not met one and do not know one at all! Only the real pilgrims, who some with the correct mental attitude, have done so, and only they have been blessed by one’s grace and prized their good fortune at its correct value. One must be prepared to find that others, because of their limitations—not necessarily or at all because they are evil—may seriously misunderstand one, misread one’s actions, and misinterpret one’s words. If one were not ardently happy to share it with others, if one were not ever ready to help them attain it too, whoever has attained this blessed state would not be true to oneself. And this desire extends universally to all without exception. One excludes none—how could one if the compassion which one feels be the real thing that comes with the realized unity of God, and merely a temporary emotional masquerader! #RandolphHarris 1 of 19

One could have written those noble words which Saint Paul wrote more than one in his epistles: “In Him there cannot be Jew or Greek, Barbarian, Scythian, but all are one man in Christ Jesus.” Despite this, one soon finds that iron fetters have been placed on one’s feet. One finds, first, that only the few who are themselves seekers are at all interested; second, that even among this small number there are those who, because of personal dislikes, racial prejudice, social snobbery, or family antagonism, are unwilling to approach one; and third, that the mischievous agencies from occult spheres, through false reports and stimulated malice, delude a part of those who remain into creating an evil mental picture of one which is utterly unlike the actuality. For when such a being really begins to become an effective worker in this sacred cause, the evil forces begin their endeavours to pull one down and thus stop one. They may inspire human instruments with fierce jealousy or personal hatred of one, or they may try other ways. It is their task to destroy the little good that one has done or to prevent whatever good one may yet do. It is an unfortunate but historic fact that many an aspirant is carried away by the false suggestions emanating from such poisoned sources. The true Prophet does not wear a single rag of the cloak pretense. #RandolphHarris 2 of 19

Therefore, one makes an easy mark for the poisoned arrows of one’s traducers. For the World does not willingly believe that a being can exist who tries to live one’s life literally on the principles of Christ’s Sermon on the Mount. It prefers to believe that one has some hidden motive, that one lives a life of secret evil. Those who do not know what the inward life means and consequently do not understand such a being—walking mantled in unique serenity as one does—often mistakenly regard one, if they themselves are of a markedly emotional temperament, as being cold and aloof, and reserved. Another common mistake is to believe a self-actualized person to be less divine because one is more human then preconceived notions had imagined one to be. The self-actualized are not creatures of sentimentalism. They do not love their neighbour in a gushy emotional way. How could they, when one expresses only one’s lower human nature or one’s beastly animal self? Not only do they not love humanity individually, they do not even love it in the mass. Those who have malignantly attacked the person or injured the work of such a being through whom the divine forces are working for the enlightenment of humankind, create for themselves a terrible karma which accumulates and strikes them down in time. #RandolphHarris 3 of 19

One will endeavour to protect one’s work by appropriate means, one being temporarily to withdraw one’s love from them for the rest of one’s incarnation until their dying moments. Then one will extend it again with full force and appear to them as in a vision, full of forgiveness, blessing, and comfort. Can those born blind be made to understand the difference between colours? The difficulty is insuperable. Realizing this, every person’s words, who speak from that life, must sound vain to those who do not dwell in the same thought on their own part. There is a warmth, an intimacy in the Personal God, the Personal Master, which does not seem to exist in the impersonal ones. Nevertheless it would be highly erroneous to believe that they are cold and unresponsive, lifeless and stonelike. There is feeling but it is pure, refined, delicate, and flowerlike. If conditions a, b, c exist or are established in a group, then there is a high probability that these conditions will be followed by behaviours x, y, and z. We know how to provide conditions in a work group, whether in industry or in education, which will be followed by increased productivity, originality, and morale. Studies show in general that when workers in industry participate in planning and in decisions, when supervisors or authoritarian, production and morale increase. #RandolphHarris 4 of 19

Conversely we know how to provide the conditions which lead to low productivity and low morale, since the reverse conditions produce a reverse effect. We know how to establish, in any group, the conditions of leadership which will be followed by personality development in the members of the group, as well as by increased productivity and originality, and improved group spirit. In groups as diverse as a brief university workshop and an industrial plant making castings, we have seen that where the leader or leaders hold attitudes customarily thought of as therapeutic, the results are good. In other words if the leader is acceptant, both of the feelings of group members and of one’s own feelings; if one is understanding of others in a sensitively empathic way; if one permits and encourages free discussion; if one places responsibility with the group; then there is evidence of personality growth in the members of the group, and the group functions more effectively, with greater creativity and better spirit. We know how to establish conditions which will result in increased psychological rigidity in members of a group. In a careful study, two matched groups of students were taken and measured were several aspects of their abilities, particularly abstract reasoning. Each of the students in one group was then given an analysis of one’s personality based upon the Rorschach test. #RandolphHarris 5 of 19

Following this both groups were re-tested as to their abilities. The group which had been given an evaluation of their personalities showed a decrease in flexibility, and a significant decrease in ability to carry on abstract reasoning. They became more rigid, anxious, and disorganized in their thinking, in contrast to the control group. It would be tempting to note that this evaluation—experience by the group as somewhat threatening—seems very similar to many evaluations made in our schools and universities under the guise of education. All we are concerned with at the moment is that we do not know how to establish the conditions which makes for less effective functioning on complex intellectual tasks. We know a great deal about how to establish conditions which will influence consumer responses and/or public opinion. I think this need not be documented with research studies. I refer you to the advertisements in any magazine, to the beguilements of TV programs and their Trendex ratings, to the firms of public relations experts, and to the upward trend of sales by any corporation which put on a well-panned series of ads. We know how to influence the buying behaviour of individuals by setting up conditions which provide satisfaction for needs of which they are unconscious, but which we have been able to determine. #RandolphHarris 6 of 19

It has been shown that some women who do not buy instant coffee because of “a dislike for its flavour” actually dislike it at a subconscious level because it is associated with being a poor housekeeper—with laziness and spendthrift qualities. This type of study, based on the use of projective techniques and “depth” interviews, has led to sales campaigns built upon appeals to the unconscious motives of the individual—one’s unknow pleasures of the flesh, aggressive, or dependent desires, or as in this instance, the desire for approval. These illustrative studies indicate something of our potential ability to influence or control the behaviour of groups. If we have the power or authority to establish the necessary condition, the predicted behaviours will follow. There is no doubt that both the studies and the methods are, at the present time crude, but more refined ones are sure to develop. It is well appreciated that in small, long-standing social circles each member comes to be known to the others as a “unique” person. The term unique is subject to pressure by maiden social scientists who would make something warm and creative out of it, a something no to be further broken down, at least by sociologists; nonetheless, the term does involve some relevant ideas. #RandolphHarris 7 of 19

 One idea involved in the notion of “uniqueness” of an individual is that of a beneficial mark or identity peg, for example, the photographic image of the individual in others’ minds, or the knowledge of one’s special place in an articular kinship network. An interesting comparative case is that of the Tuareg of West Africa whose males cover their faces leaving only a small slit to see of out; here, apparently, the face as an anchorage for personal identification is replaced by body appearance and physical style. Only one person at a time can be fitted to the image I am here discussing, and one who qualified in the past is the self-same person who qualifies in the present and will do so in the future. Note that items such as fingerprints which are the most effective means of rendering individuals identifiably different are also items in terms of which they are essentially similar. A second idea is that, while most particular facts about an individual will be true of others too, the full set of facts known about an intimate is not found to old, as a combination, for any other person in the World, this adding a means by which one can be absolutely distinguished from everyone else. Sometimes this complex of information is name-bound, as in the case of a police dossier; sometimes it is body-bound, as when we come to know the pattern of behaviour of someone whose face we know but whose name we do not know; often the information is bound both to name and body. #RandolphHarris 8 of 19

A third idea is that what distinguishes an individual from all others is the core of one’s being, a general and central aspect of one, making one different through and through, not merely identifiably different, from those who are most like one. By personal identity, I have in mind only the first two ideas—absolute marks or identity pegs, and the unique combination of life history items that comes to be attached to the individual with the help of these pegs for one’s identity. Personal identity, then, has to do with the assumption that the individual can be differentiated from all others and that around this means of differentiation a single continuous record of social facts can be attached, entangled, like candy floss, becoming then the sticky substance to which still other biographical facts can be attached. What is difficult to appreciate is that personal identity can and does play a structured, routine, standardized role in social organization just because of its one-of-a-kind quality. If one takes as a point of reference not a small group but a large impersonal organization, such as the state government, the process of personal identification can be seen at work clearly. It is now standard organizational practice that a means of absolute identification for every individual to be dealt with is officially recorded, that is, a set of marks is used that distinguishes the person so marked from all other individuals. #RandolphHarris 9 of 19

As suggested, the choice of mark is itself quite standard: unchanging biological attributes such as handwriting or photographically attested appearance; permanently recordable items such as birth certificate, name, and serial number. Recently, through the use of computer analysis, experimental progress has been made in using speech and handwriting qualities as identity pegs, thus exploiting a minor expressive feature of behaviour much as specialist do in “authenticating” paintings. More important, the Social Security Act of 1935 in America ensures that almost every employee will have a unique registration number to which can be affixed a lifelong record of employment, a scheme of identification which has already worked considerable hardship on criminal classes. In any case, once an identity peg has been made ready, material, if an when available, can be hung on it; a dossier can be developed, usually contained and filed in a manila folder. One can expect that personal identification of its citizens by the state can expect that personal identification of its citizens by the state will increase, even as devices are refined for making the record of a particular individual more easily available to authorized persons and more inclusive of social facts concerning one, for example, receipt of dividend payments. #RandolphHarris 10 of 19

There is considerable popular interest in the efforts of harried persons to acquire a personal identity not of their “own” or to disengage themselves from the one that was originally theirs, as in efforts to scar finger tips or to destroy public birth certificate records. In actual cases, personal name is usually the issue, because of all identity pegs it seems to be the one most generally employed and at the same time the one that is in certain ways easiest to tamper with. The respectable and legally advisable way of changing one’s name is by a documented act, the record of which is available in a public file. A single continuity is thus preserved in spite of apparent diversity. This is the case, for example, when a woman changes her last name through the act of marriage. In the entertainment World it is common for a performer to change one’s name, but here, too, a record of the previous name is likely to be available, and even widely known, as is also the case with pen-named authors. Occupations where a change in the name can occur without being officially recorded, such as those of comfort women and men, criminal, and revolutionary, are not “legitimate” trades. A remaining case is that of the Catholic clerical orders. Whenever an occupation carries with it a change in name, recorded or not, one can be sure that an important breach is involved between the individual and one’s old World. #RandolphHarris 11 of 19

It should be stated that some name changes, such as those employed by draft dodgers and motels guests, are specifically oriented to the legal aspects of personal identification, while other changes, such as ones employed by ethnics, are oriented to the issues of social identity. One student implies that some professional entertainers have the distinction of qualifying on both counts: The average chorus girl changes her name almost as frequently as her coiffure to accord with current theatrical popularity, showbusiness superstitions, or, in some cases, to avoid payment of Equity dues. I might add that professional criminals employ two special types of re-naming: aliases, used very temporarily, although often repeatedly, to avoid personal identification; “monikers,” namely, nicknames given in the criminal community and retained for life, but used only by and to members of the community or the wise. A name, then, is very common but not very reliable way of fixing identity. When a court of law must deal with someone who has every motivation to misrepresent oneself, it is understandable that other absolute marks will be sought. Personal identity is proved in courts of law, not by reference to names, not even mainly by direct testimony, but “presumptively” by evidence of similarities or differences in personal characteristics. #RandolphHarris 12 of 19

The question of social information must now be raised again. The embodied signs previously considered, whether of prestige or stigma, pertain to social identity. Clearly all of these must be distinguished from the documentation that individuals carry around with them purportedly establishing personal identity. These documents have come to e widely used in Britain and America by natives as well as foreigners. Registration cards and drivers’ licenses (containing fingerprints, signatures, and sometimes photographs) are felt to be necessary. Along with these self-identifications, the individual may carry documents of age (in the case of youths who wish to frequent gambling establishments or to be served liquor), a license to engage in protected or dangerous trades, permission to be away from barracks, and so forth. This information is often supplemented by family pictures, evidence of past military service, and even photostatic copies of college certificates. Recently, information about the bearer’s medical status has also appeared, and its general use advocated: Medical identity cards for all are being considered by the Ministry of Health. People would be asked to carry them always. The card would contain details such as vaccinations, owner’s blood group, and of any disease, such as hemophilia, that should be known immediately if the person is involved in an accident. #RandolphHarris 13 of 19

One of the aims is to help quick treatment in an emergency and to avoid the dangers of injecting people with vaccine to which they might be allergic. It may be added that there appears to be an increasing number of work establishments which require the individual to wear, and if not wear then possess on person, employee identification cards with photographs. The whole point of these various identification devices is, of course, that they allow no innocent error or ambiguity, transforming what would be merely a questionable use of socially informing symbols into clear-cut forgery or illegal possession; therefore the term identity document might be more accurate than identity symbol. (Compare, for example, the relatively loose basis for identification of Jewish identity through appearance, gesture, and voice.) Incidentally, this documentation and the social facts attached thereto are often presented only in special situations to those specially authorized to check up on identity, unlike prestige and stigma symbols, which are more likely to be available to the public at large. Because information about personal identity often is of the kind that can be strictly documented, it can be used to safeguard against potential misrepresentation of social identity. #RandolphHarris 14 of 19

Thus, army personnel may be required to carry identity documents validating the potentially false claims of their uniform and its insignia. The student’s personal identification card assures that librarian that one is vested with the right to borrow library boos or to enter the stacks, just as one’s driver’s license can attest that one is of legal age for drinking in commercial establishments. So, too, credit cards attest on the surface to personal identity, useful in deciding whether to give or to withhold credit, but in addition attest to the individual’s being of a social category to warrant such accrediting. A being proves one is Dr. Thomas Hiram to prove one is a doctor, perhaps rarely showing one is a doctor to prove one is Thomas Hiram. Similarly, individuals excluded from some hotels on the basis of their ethnicity may have been ethically identified through their names, so that here, too, an item of personal biography is exploited for categoric reasons. In general, then, biography attached to documented identity can place clear limitations on the way in which an individual can elect to present oneself; the situation of some British ex-mental patients who cannot pass as ordinary job applicants at the Employment Exchange  because their National Insurance cards have unstamped gaps, provides an illustration. #RandolphHarris 15 of 19

I might add that the act of concealing personal identity can itself carry implications regarding social category: the sun gases that celebrities employ to conceal their personal identity presumably reveal, or did for a time, a social categorization of someone who wants to be incognito and would otherwise be recognized. Once the different between social symbols and identity documents is perceived, one can go on to look at the special position of oral statements which attest linguistically, not merely expressively, to social and personal identity. Where an individual has insufficient documentation to receive a desired service, one can be seen to attempt use of oral testament in its place. Groups and societies differ, of course, in their beliefs as to how much identity testament is appropriate in roughly equivalent social situations. In our society a person is always what one’s designation makes one, therefore we are very punctilious in giving it. At parties in Delhi I see people adding it themselves when the introducers omit to announce it. One day, at the house of a foreign diplomat in Delhi, a young man was introduced to me without his official position being mentioned. He immediately bowed and added, “Of the X-Ministry, and what Department are you from?” When I replied that I belonged to none, he seemed to be as much surprised by the fact that I had been invited thee at all as by my not having a designation. #RandolphHarris 16 of 19

There have always been two fundamentally different views of human nature. One has claimed that humans are evil and destructive by nature. That is why war is inevitable, and that is why we have to have strict authorities over us. Human beings have to be kept under control. We have to protect them from their own aggressiveness. The other view says that humans are basically good, that it is only adverse social conditions that make them bad. If we change those conditions, then we can reduce the evil the aggressiveness in humans, or possibly even rid ourselves of it altogether. Those views represent extremes that both miss the mark. People who propound the natural, innate aggressiveness of humans are inclined to overlook those many historical epoch, those many cultures, and those many individuals that have displayed a minimum of aggressiveness. If aggression were innate, such examples would never exist. On the other side of the fence, the optimists who are against war and for peace and social justice have often been inclined to at least underestimate the significance and strength of human aggressiveness, if not deny it altogether. “And now, my beloved brethren, if this be the case that these things are true which I have spoken unto you, and God will show unto you, with power and great glory at the last day, that they are true, and if they are true has the say of miracles ceased? #RandolphHarris 17 of 19

“Or have Angels ceased to appear unto the children of humans? Or has one withheld the power of the Holy Ghost from them? Or will one, so long as time shall last, or the Earth shall stand, or there shall be one man upon the face thereof to be saved? Behold I say unto you, Nay; for it is by faith the miracles are wrought; and it is by faith that Angels appear and minister unto humans; wherefore, if these things have ceased wo be unto the children of human, for it is because of unbelief, and all is vain,” reports Moroni 7.33-37. We beseech Thine Omnipotence, Holy God, Father Almighty, that Thou wouldest fill us with the gift of Thine Only-begotten Son, and the ineffable blessing, visitation, and life-giving power of Thine and His Holy Spirit; whereby Thy Church, enkindled with His fire, may hold the true faith in Him from Whom she receives all truth. Thou God of all grace, thou hast given me a saviour, produce in me a faith to live by him, to make him all my desire, all my hope, all my glory. May I enter him as my refuge, build on him as my foundation, walk in him as my way, follow him as my guide, conform to him as my example, receive his instructions as my prophet, rely on his intercessions as my high priest, obey him as my kind. May I never be shamed of him or his words, but joyfully bear his reproach, never displease him by unholy or imprudent conduct, never count it a glory if I take it patiently when buffeted for a fault, never make the multitude my model, never delay when thy words invites me to advance. #RandolphHarris 18 of 19

May thy dear Son preserve me from this present evil World, so that it smiles never allure, not its frowns terrify, nor its vices defile, nor its errors delude me. May I feel that I am a stranger and a pilgrim on Earth, declaring plainly that I seek a country, my title to it becoming daily more clear, my meetness for it more perfect, my foretastes of it more abundant; and whatsoever I do may it be done in the Saviour’s name. Let Thy mercy, O Lord, be upon us, and the brightness of Thy Spirit illumine our inward souls; that He may kindle our cold hearts and light up our morbid minds, Who abideth evermore with Thee in glory. O Holy Spirit, Who prceedest from the Father and the Son, teach us to do the truth, that Thou mayest unite us in a mysterious bond of love to the Father and Son, from Whom Thou proceedest so ineffably. Let Thy Spirit, O Lord, come into the midst of us, and washing us with the pure water of repentance, prepare us to be always a living sacrifice unto Thee. Heavenly King, Paraclete, Spirit of Truth, Who art everywhere present and fillest all things, the Treasury of good things and the Bestower of life, come and dwell in us, and purify us from every stain, and save our souls, in Thy goodness. O Lord, Father Almighty, bless and protect, through Thine only Son, in the power of the Holy Spirit, Thy servants who are obedient to Thy majesty; that being free from free of all enemies, they may continually rejoice in praising Thee; through the same Jesus Christ our Lord. #RandolphHarris 19 of 19

BRIGHTON STATION AT CRESLEIGH RANCH

Rancho Cordova, CA |

Now Selling!

NOW SELLING! Brighton Station at Cresleigh Ranch is Rancho Cordova’s newest home community! This charming neighborhood offers an array of home types with eye catching architecture styles such as Mid-Century Modern, California Modern, Prairie, and Contemporary Farmhouse.

Located off Douglas Road and Rancho Cordova Parkway, the residents of Cresleigh Ranch will enjoy, being just minutes from shopping, dining, and entertainment, and quick access to Highway 50 and Grant Line Road providing a direct route into Folsom. Residents here also benefit from no HOA fees, two community parks and the benefits of being a part of the highly-rated Elk Grove Unified School District. https://cresleigh.com/brighton-station/