When you aim for perfection, you learn the great secret of success. Commitment is the enemy of resistance. We are now ready to attempt to bridge the gap between primordial coacervates and modern single-celled organisms. Superficially, the gap might appear to be a narrow one. After all, we have traced the development of our primitive bags of chemicals to forms so advanced as to include parallel chains of chemical reactions involving numerous molecular types, partial isolation of different regions by membrane-enclosed inclusions, and even time-varying metabolism resulting from the interactions of two or more chemical subsystems of the coacervates. Nevertheless, cell-like though these properties appear to be, it would be a mistake to underestimate the great differences that separate modern organisms from even the most advanced type of coacervate that our discussion to this point has permitted us to visualize. Biological research in recent years has revealed the existence of remarkably complex mechanisms in even the simplest of single-celled creatures. We shall yet have need of a combination of imagination and confidence in the power of evolution if we are to convince ourselves of the essential kindship between the curious chemical structures we have been considering and the modern organisms we hope to bring under our purview. Although much of the complexity in structure and function of modern single-celled organisms can be generally understood as the result of detailed progressive refinement under the control of the natural-selection processes already discussed, there exists in all life forms today a basic set of mechanism that has not yet appeared in our discussion of the development of coacervates. These mechanisms, in substantially the same form, control the growth and reproduction of viruses, bacteria, plants, and animals. Nucleic acid is they key ingredient in the modern control process. #RandolphHarris 1 of 19

One of the fastest-moving and most exciting fields of current scientific research is that of molecular genetics, which deals with the way that giant molecules of ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) exert precise architectural control over the growth of living forms, determining whether the outcome is to be amoeba or human. This, if our thesis as to the evolution of life from nonlife is to carry conviction, we must show that there is a plausible way in which the operation of the ordinary laws of physics could have resulted in the “discovery” and incorporation of the powerful nucleic acid genetic-control mechanisms in modern organisms. The simple principles of chemical evolution we have been considering might have operated to produce certain types of molecules possessing interesting new characteristics and with further natural selection, these characteristics might have become to be exploited in the control of growth and reproduction. However, no one today knows enough about the almost limitless chemical alternatives available to developing organisms to plot anything like a certain evolution path spanning the billions of years separating primordial coacervates from modern living forms. And there are no fossil records to indicate which was the actual path by which modern organism came by their present properties. The gaps are so great and the steps so numerous that is seems unlikely we shall ever know for sure just how we got from there to here. Therefore, the ensuing “derivation” of some of the principles of modern molecular genetics from the workings of evolution on the primordial coacervates must be take for what it is—a work of fiction. To be sure, the evolutionary episodes of which it is composed have been postulated because they lead to the consequences that are compatible with modern knowledge. #RandolphHarris 2 of 19

Nevertheless, the story told is almost certainly not “true” in any detailed sense. The best that can be hoped for is that it is “true to life” in that the events that it portrays are similar enough in quality in those which actually transpired as to lead to generally valid conclusions about the nature, although not necessarily the details, of the prehistory of biology. With the limitations of the treatment clearly understood in advance, let us now undertake the assignment of tracing a possible evolutionary path of development of the mechanisms, based on nucleic acid molecules, by means of which growth and reproduction are controlled in all modern living organisms. Consider how hard it is to change yourself, and you will understand what little chance you have of trying to change others.  By medical standards, 33 percent of adults in the United States of America weigh at least 20 percent more than people of their height typically do. In fact, despite the public’s focus on thinness, obesity has become increasingly common in the United States of America. When teen girls from an upper-middle class suburban neighbourhood were asked to describe the “perfect girl,” they described a girl of 5’7” weighing between 100 and 110 pounds—proportions that mirror those of so-called supermodels. Attaining a perfect weight, many said, was they key to being “totally happy.” In contrast teenage girls from the inner-city has a healthier view. These respondents tended to emphasize personality traits over physical characteristics when they described the ideal girl. They defined the “perfect girl” as smart, fun, easy to talk to, not conceited, and funny; she did not necessarily need to be “pretty,” as long as she was well groomed. These young ladies also favored more attainable physical characteristics for the typical girl; they favored fuller hips, for example. In addition 66 percent of them defined beauty as “the right attitude.” Some researchers argue that attempts to reduce obesity should focus less on weight loss and more in improving general health and attitudes. #RandolphHarris 3 of 19

Being overweight is not a mental disorder, nor in most cases is it the result of abnormal psychological processes. Nevertheless, it causes great anguish, and not just because of its physical effects. The media, people on the streets, and even many health professional treat obesity as shameful. Obese people are often the unrecognized victims of discrimination in efforts to gain admission to college, jobs, and promotions. Mounting evidence indicates that overweight persons are not to be sneered at as weak and that obesity results from multiple factors. First, genetic and biological factors seem to play large roles. Researchers have found that children of obese biological parents are more likely to be obese than children whose biological parents are not obese, whether or not the people who raise the children are obese. Other researchers have identified several genes that seem to be linked to obesity. And still others have identified chemicals in the body, including a hormone called leptin and a protein called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), that apparently acts as natural appetite suppressants. Suspicion is growing that the brain receptors for these chemicals may be defective in overweight persons. Environment also plays a causal role in obesity. Studies have shown that people eat more when they are in the company of others, particularly if the other people are eating. In addition, research finds that people in low socioeconomic environments are more likely to be obese than those of high socioeconomic background. However, if poor eating habits can be corrected, if a poor self-concept and distorted body image can be improved, and if overweight people can be educated about the myths and truths regarding obesity, perhaps everyone will be better off. Yet, keep in mind, your body shape changes as you age. You cannot avoid some of the changes, but your lifestyle choices may slow or speed the process. #RandolphHarris 4 of 19

The human body is made up of fat, lean tissues (muscles and organs), bone, and water. After age 30, people tend to lose lean tissue. Your muscles, liver, kidney, and other organs may lose some of their cells. This process of muscle loss is called atrophy. Bones may lose some of their minerals and become less dense (a condition called osteopenia in the early stages and osteoporosis in the later stages). Tissue loss reduces the amount of water in your body. The amount of body fat goes up steadily after the age of 30. Older people may have almost 33 percent more fat compared to when they were younger. Fat tissue builds up toward the center of the body, including around the internal organs. However, the layer of fat under the skin gets smaller. The tendency to become shorter occurs among all races and both genders. Height loss is related to aging changes in the bones, muscles, and joints. People typically lose almost one-half inch (about 1 centimeter) every 10 years after the age of 40. Height loss is even more rapid after age 70. You may lose a total of 1 to 3 inches (2.5 to 7.5 centimeters) in height as you age. You can help prevent height loss by following a healthy diet, staying physically active, and preventing and treating bone loss. Less leg muscle and stiffer joints can make moving around harder. Excess body fat and changes in body shape can affect your balance. These body changes can make falls more likely. Changes in total body weight vary for men and women. Men often gain weight until about the age 55, and then begin to lose weight later in life. This may be related to a drop in the male hormone testosterone. Women usually gain weight until age 65, and then begin to lose weight. Weight loss later in life occurs partly because fat replaces lean muscle tissue and fat weight less than muscle. Diet and exercise habits can play a large role in a person’s weight changes over their lifetime. Your lifestyle choices affect how quickly the aging process takes place. Some things you can do to reduce age-related body changes are: Get regular exercise, eat a healthy diet that includes fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and the right amounts of healthy fats. Limit your alcohol use. Avoid tobacco products or illicit drugs. #RandolphHarris 5 of 19

In May 1996 Alicia Machado, a 19-year-old woman from Venezuela, was crowned Miss Universe. Then her problems began. During the first eight months of her reign, her weight rose from 118 pounds to 160 pounds, angering pageant officials and sparking rumors that she was about to be relieved of her crown. The “problem” received broad newspaper and television coverage and much ridicule on talk radio programs around the World. Ms. Machado explained, “I was a normal girl, but my life has had big changes. I travel to many counties, eat different foods.” Nevertheless, in response to all the pressure, she undertook a special diet and an extensive exercise program to lose at least some of the weight she had gained. Her trainer claimed that a weight of 118 pounds was too low for her frame and explained that she had originally attained it by taking diet pills. In the meantime, the whole episode served to demonstrate once again the powerful role of society in defining female beauty, acceptable weight, and “proper” eating. Ironically, many of the individuals who harshly criticized Ms. Machado or made fun of her—that is, the female critics—are themselves victims of the demanding and unrealistic standards of Wester cultures that drive so many individuals toward dysfunctional patterns of eating and, in many cases, eating disorders. Really, physical education (P.E.) is very beneficial for students and they do not even realize it. However, maybe the first part of P.E. should be to explain to students why they need exercise, why they need to eat healthy, and how the body changes as people get older. Some people think just because they were skinny kids that they can sit around and do nothing, and they will stay skinny, and they are baffled when they start to gain weight. And while exercise helps, so does calorie reduction and exercise. Also, many Americans eat rich, creamy foods, steaks fried in duck fat, hamburgers cooked it garlic butter. So, the thing is you have to decide what is right for you. Salads and bland food or rich and delicious food. #RandolphHarris 6 of 19

It is relevant to introduce the Fourth Wave Generation in this context of present-day poverty because the present-day composition of the poor in America, with often times a large urban juvenile delinquency—has been fateful for the particular culture of these young folks. Let us try to analyze the accidental and essential influences, as an interesting example of acculturation. Artists and bohemians have generally gravitated to the bottom of the income pyramid. It is less expensive there. There factors operate somewhat today too, but less so, because in some ways it now costs more to be less affluent than modestly lower-middle; and in many of their tastes, exempli gratia, clothes, cars, recreation, and even food, the less affluent have different ways of communicating, and their culture may by different. So let us see what is particular in the cultural effect of present-day poverty on present-day bohemians. Some people have chosen to be outside the mainstream culture and society. Although every aspect of their scene is equally relevant and precious, they have their own vibe. However, if these aspects of their culture were not accidental, such bright and inventive fellows would by now have made more out of them. As they practice them, the bongo drums and jazz are creative, in their light of knowledge and abilities. Their unique language vitalizes their poetry. The style of the particular socializing remains a mystery to the main stream and it attracts the affluent to their lives styles because they find it so enriching and diverse. People often want to belong to groups that are different from their own.  It is refreshing to not have to explain who you are and your hobbies to those who, often literally, do not speak that same language. Protective exclusiveness and in-group loyalty is remarkable. Courageously they create their own society, rather than sinking in mere resignation. This has led to these ethnic cultures as being seen as loving, exotic and ingenious. Many of these groups are convinced that society is a Rat Race and they form their own businesses and hire their own people so they can have a more harmonious work environment and gain generational wealth and success. #RandolphHarris 7 of 19

Within these ethnic communities, the people may be estranged from prejudice, but they are were concerned about their own and are sometime critical of them, out of love, and as a way of keeping them on the right path. They cannot tolerate anything that hints that their own image of perfection is questionable. It is hard to be sure, but my impression is that they are among some of the most tolerant people. Hard knocks taught them to live and let live; and they did not need to protect their repression so much as other in mainstream so society who are out cast. In this case, it means these subgroups who form their own society have more Old-World traditions, and this of course make their culture more profitable and appealing to Americans. However, these people with Old-World values are also delighted by the popular culture. They love the big houses, movies, sharp clothes, and Cadillacs, Mercedes-Benz and BMW. Indeed, popular culture is aimed at everyone. It is all about glitz and glam and money. Everyone has to have something in America, and so people of the Old-World often feel big by being able to live the American Dream. The Old-World culture is communally shared. Much of it is handmade and made with love and creativity. The well-crafted creations and homes they built by hand, to the cars they work, food they cook and music they create is so popular that it produces capital because it has a future and have become weaved into the American heritage. These Old-World groups are the believers, and those others who know that the treasure of love is always a mirage, who therefore never seek it, and never find it, would not recognize it if it fell in their lap, and who, never having known the transcendence, is restraining their shimmering blue water. Old-World culture has a deathless passion, its exoticness and voracity has become a passion remembered, a passion respected, a passion manque. Love comes as a blessing. Love is a treasured passion that presently appears as life’s supreme value. #RandolphHarris 8 of 19

Muhammad Ali struggled to remain celibate for six weeks prior to each fight—it was supposed to make one a great warrior because the individual could focus all one’s energy on one goal. The Greatest is not alone among modern athletes in espousing chastity for the sake of one’s sport, through his reasons hark back to the ancient Greeks than to the modern Muscular Christianity of A.C. Green’s Athletes for Abstinence and the Life Athlete. These movements include scores of professional and Olympic sportspeople who pledge premarital virginity and moral purity, and stars such as Andy Pettitte of the New York Yankees pledge the Life Athlete Commitment, which reads: I will do what is right, even when it is difficult. I will give myself only to that special person that I marry as my partner for life. I will respect the lives of others, especially the unborn and the aged. I will not quit or make excuses when I fail. I will try again. “We exist,” the Life Athletes proclaim, “to survive in a World where the misuse of pleasures of the flesh has hurt many of us. We don’t want disease, divorce and death to keep us from what we want in life.” This return to abstinence is a moral stance in the year 2022 and differs fundamentally from conserving the vital energy to enhance athletic performance. Like their Muscular Christian forerunners, the Life Athletes and Athletes for Abstinence strive for celibacy until they are legally married. Traditionally, coaches and their athletes have believed that pleasures of the flesh undermine sports performance. It is well known that athletes in the United States of America are told to abstain from pleasures of the flesh prior to athletic competition. Several studies, including the first one, conducted in 1968 by William Masters and Virginia Johnson, have investigated the relationship of pleasures of the flesh and performance and have concluded that there probably is none. However, the notion of moral purity or at least superiority may in fact boost an athlete’s self-esteem and hence motivate one to excel. By the same token, knowledge of an opponent’s ascetic regimen may spook a less disciplined rival into underperforming as a form of conceding moral defeat. #RandolphHarris 9 of 19

The abstinent-champion theory is both die-hard and long-lived. Coaches still advocate it because they believe pleasures of the flesh devours energy and debilitates, reducing concentration, muscle strength, aggressiveness, and the will to win. They also rate premarital pleasures of the flesh and “self-love” as fractionally more enervating than marital pleasures of the flesh. The more strenuous and competitive the sport, the more its coaches tend to hold this view. Boxing, weight-lifting, football and soccer coaches are much more likely to enforce celibacy than those overseeing yachters and golfers. This attitude carries over onto the playing field. College footballers are more likely than baseballers to credit celibacy for better play, and to believe that in increases physical strength by preserving energy. In soccer, the World’s most popular sport, celibacy is often an important training tool. To this day, soccer fans in Peru blame their country’s 1982 World Cup loss, 5-1 to Poland, on those Peruvian players who broke the ban on pleasures of the flesh the night before the game. Prior to the 1998 World Cup, coaches from around the World admitted they enforced the ban on their players. Brazilian wives and girlfriends were ordered to stay away and not to distract their men’s attention during the tournament. For much the same reason, Chilean and Scottish, stood alone and, in the name of creating a happy atmosphere, encouraged pregame pleasures of the flesh by flying in wives and girlfriends. This was in striking contrast to 1966, when England enacted the Celibacy rule—and won its first and only World Cup title. This determinedly celibate thrust in soccer, which draws on an increasingly discredited belief in the power of the “vital energy,” being more than an anachronistic marvel. Soccer is one of the World’s greatest common denominators, and its appeal converts new devotees, both spectators and players. #RandolphHarris 10 of 19

In Europe and South America in particular, soccer players are akin to deities, often surpassing movie stars and other celebrities. Their professional careers are documented and their personal lives scrutinized for the edification of their voracious, adorning fans. On top of this, players collectively, as representatives of their nation, bear enormous responsibility. By winning the World Cup, they bestow glory on their compatriots as well as themselves. Conversely, by losing, especially early on in the tournament, they heap shame and humiliation of their co-nationals’ heads; losers returning home may be hooted at or even pelted with debris. Given the importance of their sport, it is no wonder soccer players and coaches grasp at any method that promises to help them. Celibacy, a time-honored athletic tradition, is an obvious possibility. Coaches also justify celibacy as the solution to the problems of players active in pleasures of the flesh. Pleasures of the flesh, they remind naysayers, involves relationships and their commitments and complications. Pleasures of the flesh takes time and energy and is often associated with alcohol and late nights. Some say, “It is not the pleasures of the flesh that wrecks these guys, it is the staying up all night looking for it.” These aspects of active pleasures of the flesh in themselves can be major hindrances to an athlete’s conditioning and workouts and ultimately, one’s actual performance. Implicit in all these debates—for celibacy is not swallowed whole by all the hardy men on every team—is that pleasures of the flesh are especially taxing for male because they lose that vital energy. However, this does not mean that woman athletes, who are in no such danger, are given different guidelines. At least one study has found coaches consider women vulnerable to pleasures of the flesh encounters because they experiencing them as emotionally draining. Men, on the other hand, suffer from physical consequences. (However, both symptoms, as you know and apply to both genders and at the same time.) Yet it is said, the very existence of their vital force, therefore, holds human hostage to its extraordinary power. #RandolphHarris 11 of 19

The astonishing spread of soccer keeps celibacy in the media limelight. Other sports figures employ it as well, usually weeks before a competition. Boxers traditionally do so. Some footballers abstain at least the night before a game and feel strengthened and energized. For these sportsmen, celibacy is both discipline and ritual. Psychologically, it empowers them, and they experience both discipline and ritual. Psychologically, it empowers them, and they experience this physically. It also lends certain elan to their lives, an idealism and superiority of purpose appropriate for folk heroes. The historical theories of the power of conserved vital energy are now mere echoes, but in their temporary and self-conscious celibacy, these men have embraced the legacy of the legendary athletes of yesteryear. If you ever watch “The Game” by the CW Network, Season 1, Episode 1, called “Away Game,” which originally aired October 1, 2006 you may understand why wife’s and girlfriends are not allowed to see their husbands now. I did not understand at the time I first saw the episode. So, in a very different way, have the men and women of the purely moralistic school of celibacy, the Life Athletes and Athletes for Abstinence. They, too, revere sports as a higher calling and speak with the deepest respect of “an athlete’s heart,” a pure entity that evokes self-sacrifice for higher goals in all sense of the word. Their inclusion of women eliminates at a stroke the invocation of the magic of the vital energy, as well as the misogyny that underlies much of the raison d’etre of sporting celibacy—manfully dodging the seductive snares of pleasures of the flesh by a strong and courageous gender. These inheritors of Muscular Christianity hold each other’s hand with fraternal chastity and mutual pledge to lifetimes of virtue and purity. Another relationship in which the question of the motivating power of the law is decisive is the educational one, first within the family, and then in the school and any other situation where an educational element is implied. #RandolphHarris 12 of 19

There are many problems connected with the motivating power of the law in the educational realm. First, it is necessary to distinguish between demands based on authority and demands based on rationality. The distinction is rarely absolute because there is always authority behind educational demands; and this authority always claims to be rational. Nevertheless, it makes a great difference to the child, if one can understand a parental order as adequate to the situation, or if one feels it as a mere exercised incomprehensible authority. In either case the child may resist. However, in the first, the resistance is not rebellious; it is a primitive form of self-affirmation, weakened by a subconscious acknowledgement that the order was justified. Then the essential nature of the child is partly united with the content of the command, and to the degree to which it is united, the order proves not to be a strange law imposed by adult authority, but an expression of the demand of a practical situation, such as the necessary regulation of hours at home and in school. Therefore, it is of great importance to the educational process to help the child to understand the objective validity of the orders one receives. If this is not accomplished, of if the orders themselves are more the expressions of willful authority than of the situation, the child is driven toward a genuine rebellion, and three things can happen: the rebellion may succeed and a creative independence develop; or the rebellion may succeed externally but fail internally, and rebelliousness as a character trait may result; or the rebellion may fail externally and internally, leaving a broken, submissive character. These examples show the problem of the law in a realm where it is almost daily experienced, and where parents, teachers, and even philosophers of education, have concluded that the law should be removed altogether and replaced by a kind of organized permissiveness. #RandolphHarris 13 of 19

This, however, has led to consequences in which the “dialectics of the law” are patently manifest. After a certain time (usually in later adolescence), the majority of children become well-adapted conformists, albeit on a superficial level. Those among them who feel this superficiality as emptiness complain that they never had to face the law seriously and remained without guidance to their own essential nature and its potentialities. In view of this situation one must agree with the apostle who was most critical of the commanding law—Paul—that “the law is good,” for it expressed the created goodness of humans, which humans must face because they are estranged from it. It is not enough to enforce retribution. Society must help one straighten one’s life-pattern, improve oneself, and reestablish one’s ethical sense. Prisons should not be merely penal institutions but also educative ones. Every prisoner should be brought under some system of instruction that would elevate one’s character—instead, as often happens, of debasing it still further. It is far easier to degrade oneself than to uplift oneself. Every criminal knows that. The process of manufacturing a criminal is simple and easy. One commits one’s first crime and then, in order to save oneself from its effects, one has to commit a second one. Once again one has to save oneself from the effects of this one in turn and so commits a third crime. In the end one slides down a long slippery slope and becomes a hardened criminal! Only forethought for others or fear of the consequences for oneself will save a human from taking the first ominous step. It is become humans have insufficient forethought or insufficient knowledge of the consequences that they become criminals. Or else, after the first punishment, instead of trying to understand the lessons of their sufferings, they nurse under-surface resentments which later explode and injure their whole life. It seems to offer an easier way out than the sterner path of moral repentance and honest endeavour. #RandolphHarris 14 of 19

However, they fail to foresee that it is no way out at all, that the selfish new crimes merely revive and worsen the hateful old tribulations. With every wrong step they take, they walk nearer and nearer to that calamity. What their befooled minds do not know is that even if they pass from successful crime to successful crime, nevertheless—under karmic and evolutionary law—they will later pass from painful retribution to painful retribution. All of this can be as true of nations as of an individual. Instead of meditating on the defeat that overtook them, they actually meditate on the victory that they themselves nearly overtook. Even when punishment is catastrophic and overwhelming, they very immensity of it creates a strong egoistic passion for self-justification, leaving room for only few and faint signs of any real change of the heart. Such moral declension is as low and saddening as it is too often repeated by history. Every criminal nation which is at all curable must be brought to understand the moral degradation into which it fell when it blindly followed a path of pillage or violence. They learn little, understanding littler, and take to themselves few lessons from experience. They suffer, but their suffering is misread and misinterpreted. Here, for those who still doubt the truth of reincarnation, is one more argument in its favor. No single lifetime is enough to provide the necessary range of varied experience and to bring human development to an optimum of moral perfection—not even twenty lifetimes would be enough. All aggressive persons and antisocial criminals reveal by their attitudes that they are still have some maturing to do in the understanding of life. There are two schools of thought as to their treatment. They have done wrong and must be punished. They have some wrong but must be forgiven. To state the problem in either of these drastic ways alone and let it go at that is dangerously to oversimplify it complications and difficulties, nay, is indeed misleading. For both these statements are true yet are so only in their own places. #RandolphHarris 15 of 19

The first, presented by the cynics, advocated rigorous punishment. The second, presented mostly by the religious idealists, advocate a complete forgive-and-forget policy. The first is sadistic, the second sentimental. Both unwise. Philosophy avoids such extremes and finds a sensible middle way between them. It says we must not push the criminal further down the road of wrong-doing by evoking one’s spirit of revenge through unduly harsh treatment. Yet we must not let one walk down it of one’s own accord by letting one believe that wrong-doing brings no retribution at all. Referring to the “frenetic schedule,” a report by the Congressional Clearinghouse of the Future summarized the situation vividly: “Increasing complexity and speed-of-light crises, such as votes in one week on gas deregulation, Russian and Ukraine, a new Department of Education, a federal Fourth Stimulus Check, Vaccinations and if a fourth doze has been authorized, solid waste disposal, and endanger species, are turning Congress, once a center for careful and thoughtful debate into a national disappointment.” Obviously, a political process varies from one industrial country to the next, but similar forces are at work on all of them. The United States of America is not the only country that seems confused and stagnant. Take a look at North Korea…No response to U.S.A. on nuclear-arms-control proposals. Long delays in negotiating trade agreements with both socialist and capitalist nations. Confused treatment of French President Emmanuel Macron during a state visit. Indecision over Mideast policy. Contradiction calls for China’s Communists to confront with home governments. Even in a one-party system it is almost impossible to project firm policies—or respond quickly on complex issues. In London a member of the Parliament tells us that central government is “grossly overladed.” What about Sweden, with its shaky coalition government barely able to resolve the nuclear issues that has torn the country apart for nearly a decade? Or Italy, with its terrorism and recurrent political crises—unable even form a cohesive government. #RandolphHarris 16 of 19

What we confront is a new and menacing truth. The political shudders and crises we face cannot be solved by leaders—strong or inappropriate, broken down, overloaded institutions. A political system must not only be able to make and enforce decisions; it must operate on the right scale, it must be able to integrate disparate policies, it must be able to make decisions at the right speed, and it must both reflect and respond to the diversity of society. If it fails on any of these points it courts disaster. Our problems are no longer a matter of “left-wing” or “right-wing,” “strong leadership” or “weak.” The decision system itself has become a menace. The truly astonishing fact today is that our governments continue to function at all. No corporation president would try to run a large company with a table of organization first sketched by the quill pen of some eighteenth-century ancestor whose sole managerial experience consisted of running a farm. No sane pilot would attempt to fly a supersonic jet with the antique navigation and control instruments available to Bleriot or Lindbergh. Yet this is approximately what we are trying to do politically. The rapid obsolescence of our Fourth Wave political systems, in a World bristling with nuclear weapons and poised delicately on the edge of the entire society—not merely for the “outs” but for the “ins,” not merely for the poor but for the rich, and for the non-industrial parts of the World as well. For the immediate danger to all of us lies not so much in the calculated uses of power by those who have it, as in the uncalculated side effects of decisions ground out by politico-bureaucratic decision machines so dangerously anachronistic that even the best of intentions can eventuate in murderous outcomes. #RandolphHarris 17 of 19

Our so-called “contemporary” political systems are copied from models invented before the advent of the factory system—before canned food, refrigeration, gaslight, or photography, before the Bessemer furnace, or the introduction of the infrared keyboard and touchless screen on the laptop, before the invention of the 5G mobile phone, before the Internet, before digital streaming, before voice command television, before Elon Musk started working on autonomous automobiles, before Orville and Wilbur Wright took wing, before the airplanes and soon public space crafts will shrink distance, before nerve gas and nuclear missiles, and lasers. They were designed in an intellectual World that is almost unimaginable—a World that was pre-Marx, pre-Adam Smith, pre-Darwin, pre-Freud, and pre-Einstein. This, then, is the single most important political issue facing us: the obsolescence of our most basic political and governmental institutions. As we are jolted by crisis after crisis, aspiring Martin Luthers and Manslows are crawling from the wreckage and telling us that the time has come to solve our problems by throwing away not only our absolute institutional hulks but creating our own communities and defining what freedom is. As a race into the Fourth Wave era, those of us who want to expand human freedom will not be able to do so by simply defending our existence institutions. We shall-like America’s founding parents three centuries ago—have to invent new ones. History records endless examples of “revolutions” that replaced old technologies and even governments without significantly altering society itself and the people in it. By contrast, real revolutions replace institutions as well as technologies. And they do more: They break down and reorganize what social psychologists call the role structure of society. Today traditional roles are being changed at high speed in many countries transitioning to knowledge of economies. #RandolphHarris 18 of 19

The roles of husband and wives, parents and children, professors and students, bosses and workers, in-laws and activists, executives and team leaders all have psychological as well as economic implications. At issue are not merely a person’s task or functions but the social expectations that come with them. On and off the job, the result is rising ambiguity, high uncertainty, complexity and conflict as tasks and titles are continuously renegotiated. We see stress and burnout as the roles of doctors and nurse practitioners, lawyers, and paralegals, police and community workers are challenged and redefined to a degree not seen since the advent of the industrial revolution. Revolutions also smash boundaries. Industrial society set a clear border between life at home and life and on the job. Today, for the growing millions who work from home, the line is blurred. Even who works for whom is becoming unclear. Robert Reich, former U.S. secretary of labor, points out that a significant part of the labor forces consists of independent contractions, free agents and other who work in company A but are actually employees of company B. “In a few years,” says Reich, “a company may be best defined by who has access to what data and who gets what portion of a particular stream of revenues over what period of time. There maybe no ‘employees’ at all, strictly speaking.” Academic boundaries are eroding, too Against enormous resistance, more and more work on the campus is becoming transdisciplinary. In pop music, borderlines between grime, garage, rock, Eastern, hip-hop, techno, retro, disco, and big band, Tejano and a variety of other genres disappear in “fusion” and “hybridization.” Consumers turn into procedures by remixing of “sampling” sound from different bands, different instruments, and different vocals into “mash-ups”—the musical equivalent of colleges. Not all the new roles and rights will survive, as still more economic, technological and social changes bombard us. However, anyone who underestimates the revolutionary character of today’s changes is living in an illusion. The World is being transformed, dramatically and irrevocably. #RandolphHarris 19 of 19

Cresleigh Homes

Residence Three is the largest of the single story homes offered in Cresleigh Havenwood. At 2,827 square feet you’ll be hard pressed to a contemporary floorplan that offers this much space.

There are four bedrooms, two and one half bathrooms, and a three car garage. Utilize the den as your own private study or convert into an optional fifth bedroom if needed.

The Dining Room and Kitchen are well situated to make entertaining a breeze.

The location of the Owner’s Suite makes it feel like a separate wing from the rest of the home allowing for maximum privacy and retreat.

Best of all, each Cresleigh home comes fully equipped with an All Ready connected home!

This smart home package comes included with your home and features great tools including: video door bell and digital deadbolt for the front door, connect home hub so you can set scenes and routines to make life just a little easier. https://cresleigh.com/havenwood/residence-three/

Two smart switches and USB outlets are also included, plus we’ll gift you a Google Home Hub and Google Home Mini! #CresleighHomes