Benefits of expanding trade were not evenly shared. They flowed mainly from the First Wave World to the Second. To facilitate this flow, the industrial powers worked hard to expand and integrate the World market. As trade passed beyond national boundaries each national market became part of a larger set of interconnected regional or continental markets and, finally, part of a single, unified exchange system envisioned by the integrational elites who ran Second Wave civilization. A single web of money was woven around the World. Treating the rest of the World as its gas pump, garden, mine, quarry, and cheap labour supply, the Second Wave World wrought deep changes in the social life of the Earth’s non-industrial populations. Cultures that had subsisted for thousands of years in a self-sufficient manner, producing their own food supplies, were sucked willy-nilly into the World trade system and compelled to trade or perish. Suddenly the living standards of Bolivians or Malayans were tied to the requirements of industrial economies half a planet away, as tin mines and rubber plantations sprang up to feed the voracious industrial maw. The innocent household product margarine provides a dramatic case in point. Margarine was originally manufactured in Europe out of local material. It grew so popular, however, that these materials proved insufficient. In 1907 researchers discovered that margarine could be made out of coconut and palm-kernel oil. The result of this European discovery was an upheaval in the lifestyle of West Africans. “In the main areas of West Africa,” writes Magnus Pyke, former president of the British Institute of Food Science and Technology, “where palm oil was traditionally produced, the land was owned by the community as a whole.” #RandolphHarris 1 of 17

Complex local customs and rules governed the use of the palm trees. Sometimes a man who had planted a tree was entitled to its product for the rest of his life. In some places, women had special rights. According to Pyke, the Western businessmen who organized “the large-scale production of palm oil for the manufacture of margarine as a ‘convenience’ food for the industrial citizens of Europe and America destroyed the fragile and complex social system of the non-industrial Africans.” Huge plantations were set up in the Belgian Congo, in Nigeria, the Cameroons, and the Gold Coasts. The West got its margarine. And Africans became semi-slaves on huge plantations. Rubber offers another example. After the turn of the century when automobile production in the United States of America created a sudden heavy demand for rubber tires and inner tubes, traders, in collusion with local authorities, enslaved Amazonian Indians to product it. Roger Casement, the British consul in Rio de Janeiro, reported that the production of four thousand tons of Putumayo runner between 1900 and 1911 resulted in the death of thirty thousand Indians. It can be argued that these were “excesses” and were not typical of Grand Imperialism. Certainly the colonial powers were not unrelievedly cruel of evil. In places they did build schools and rudimentary health facilities for their subject populations. They improved sanitation and water supplies. They no doubt raised the living standard for some. Nor would it be fair to romanticize precolonial societies or to blame the poverty of today’s non-industrial populations exclusively on imperialism. Climate, local corruption and tyranny, ignorance, and xenophobia all contributed. There was plenty of misery and oppression to go around long before the Europeans ever arrived. #RandolphHarris 2 of 17

Nevertheless, once torn out of self-sufficiency and compelled to product for money and exchange, once encouraged or forced to reorganize their social structure around mining, for example, or plantation farming, First Wave populations were plunged into economic dependence on a marketplace they could scarcely influence. Often their leaders were bribed, their cultures ridiculed, their languages suppressed. Moreover, the colonial powers hammered a deep sense of psychological inferiority into the conquered people that stands even today as an obstacle to economic and social development. In the Second Wave World, however, Grand Imperialism paid off handsomely. As the economic historian William Woodruff put it: “It was the exploitation of these territories and the growing trade done with them that obtained for the European family wealth on a scale never seen before.” Built deep into the very structure of the Second Wave economy, feeding its ravenous need for resources, imperialism marched across the planet. In 1492 when Columbus first set foot in the New World, Europeans controlled only 9 percent of the globe. By 1801 they ruled a third. By 1880, two thirds. And by 1935 Europeans politically controlled 85 percent of the land surface on Earth and 70 percent of its population. Like Second Wave society itself, the World was divided into integrators and integrates. Not all integrators were equal, however. The Second Wave nations waged an increasingly bloody battle among themselves for control of the emerging World economic system. #RandolphHarris 3 of 17

English and French dominance was challenged in World War I by rising German industrial might. The war’s destruction, the devastating cycle of inflation and depression that followed it, the revolution in Russia, all shook the industrial World market. These upheavals brought on a drastic slowdown in the rate of growth of World trade, and, even though more countries were sucked into the trading system, the actual volume of good traded internationally declined. World War II further slowed extension of the integrated World market. By the end of World War II, Western Europe lay in smoking ruins. Germany had been reduced to a lunar landscape. The Soviet Union has suffered indescribable physical and human damage. Japan’s industry was shattered. Of the major industrial powers only the United States of America found itself unharmed economically. By 1946-950 the global economy stood in such disarray that foreign trade was at its lowest level since 1913. Moreover, the very weakness of the war-stricken European dependence. Gandhi, Ho Chi Minh, Jomo Kenyatta, and other anti-colonialists stepped up their campaigns to oust the colonizers. Even before the wartime guns stopped firing, therefore, it was apparent that the entire World industrial economy would have to be reconstituted on a new basis after the war. Two nations took upon themselves the task of reorganizing and reintegrating the Second Wave system: the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The United States of America until then played a limited part in the Grand Imperial campaign. In opening its own frontier it had decimated the Native Americans and cordoned them off in reservations. #RandolphHarris 4 of 17

In Mexico, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, Americans imitated the imperial tactics of the British the French, or the Germans. In Latin America throughout the early decades of this century U.S. “dollar diplomacy” helped United Fruit and other corporations guarantee low prices for sugar, bananas, coffee, copper, and other goods. Nevertheless, compared with the Europeans, the United States of America was a junior partner in the Grand Imperial crusade. After World War II, by contrast, the United States of American stood as the chief creditor nation in the World. It had he most advanced technology, the most stable political structure—and an irresistible opportunity to move into the power vacuum left behind by its shattered competitors as they were forced to withdraw from the colonies. As early as 1941 U.S. financial strategists had begun to plan for a postwar reintegration of the World economy along lines more favourable to the United States. At the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944, held under U.S. leadership, forty-four nations agreed to set up two key integrative structures—in International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. The IMF thus fixed the basic relationship of the major World currencies. The World Bank, meanwhile, at first established to provide postwar reconstruction funds to European nations, gradually began providing loans to the non-industrial countries, too. These were often for the purpose of building roads, harbours, ports, and other “infrastructure items” to facilitate the movement of raw materials and agricultural exports to the Second Wave nations. #RandolphHarris 5 of 17

Soon a third component was added to the system: The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade—GATT for short. This agreement, again promoted originally by the United States of America, set out to liberalize trade, which had the effect of making it difficult for the poorer, less technologically advanced countries to protect their tiny fledgling industries. The three structures were wired together by a rule that prohibited the World Bank from making loans to any country that refused to join the IMF or to abide by the GATT. This system made it difficult for debtors of the United States to reduce their obligations through currency or tariff manipulation. It strengthened the competitiveness of U.S. industry in World markets. And it gave the industrial powers, and especially the United States of American, a strong influence on economic planning in many First Wave countries, even after they had attained political independence. These three interconnected agencies formed a single integrative structure for the World trade. And from 1944 to the early 1970’s, the United States of America basically dominated this system. Among nations, it integrated the integrators. As a direct result, the American suburb became more than a geographical location. Suburbs also became more than various collections of certain types of residences. Nor are suburbs simply the abodes of certain types of people. American suburbs are all the above and far more—for suburbia is not just a place, it is an idea.  This suburban ideal is called, in one urban scholar’s felicitous term, a “bourgeois utopia.” #RandolphHarris 6 of 17

The suburbs that best met this idealized goal were the nineteenth-century suburbs of privilege. These well-to-do suburbs represented not only a place, but also a romanticized and idealized image of nature and of the role of the family in such an idyllic setting. The suburb was the humane alternative to the dehumanizing aspects of the city. To popular writer of the time, the suburb represents an escape from the filth, noise, and debauchery of the nineteenth-century industrial city. Suburban life was portrayed in a highly idealized light that stressed numerous advantages, and all but ignored inconveniences and liabilities. Suburbs were to allow families to achieve the benefits of the Jeffersonian rural ideal without having to forgo the comforts and convenience of the city. The suburb was said to be the perfect merger of the energy of the city and the charm and openness of the country. Here proud parents could raise healthy children in the safety and openness of the country. Early country small towns copied the compact pattern of the city. This mean crowding existing structures together and building right up to property and street lines. Such small towns saw themselves as nascent cities, and as such they copied city patterns. The goal of the designed romantic suburb we will presently discuss was quite different. Rather than ape the city, the suburb consciously sought to return its residents to nature. Winding roads and large lots with trees, foliage, and ample emerald green lawns all were designed to suggest the virtues of a comfortable home nestled in benign nature. #RandolphHarris 7 of 17

The goal of the idealized romantic suburbs was an improved-upon naturalism. For housewives, living in such planned naturalism—the fresh air, wide vistas, and comfortable cottages—was to allow them to develop their spiritual, sentimental, and intellectual capacities. For the male, the home was to be a refuge from the crowded, dirty, noisy, and dense city. The romantic suburb was designed o counteract the unnatural aspects of urban confusion with the balm of peaceful nature. The American romantic suburb had both American and English roots. It can be seen as an artifact of both Jeffersonian ideals and nineteenth-century British romantic era sensibilities in arts and philosophy. The Englishman J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur, writing in 1782, stated that the new American humans lived in a village, “where far removed from the accursed neighbourhood of Europeans, its inhabitants live with more ease, decency, and peace than you can imagine; where, though governed by no laws, yet find in uncontaminated simple manners all that laws can afford. The image of the self-sufficient American was pure Jeffersonian, and it was one of the more enduring symbols of the romantic era. To nineteenth-century writers such as Emerson and Hawthorne, the rural landscape was far preferable to that of the squalid city Creations of nature were preferable to artificial creations of humans. In the view of Emerson, urbanization was a potential danger to the nation in that it was fostering false and artificial tastes. This superficiality was undermining the rural simplicity that was the bedrock of the national greatness. #RandolphHarris 8 of 17

As expressed by Emerson, “We pave the Earth for miles with stones and forbid the grass. We build streets all round the horizon and shut out the sky and wind.” If such calamities were to continue, not only the artistic sensibilities would suffer; there also would be a sharp undermining of the people’s natural rural virtue. Onto these essentially Jeffersonian beliefs, writers of the nineteenth century then grafted the artistic works of the poets, painters, and writers of the romantic era. Examining the poetry of Wordsworth and Tennyson, or even that of Byron or Shelley, is to see a World of picturesque villages and cottages in a bucolic landscape. In American art of the time, the paintings of the Hudson Valley School similarly present a view of nature that is highly idealized and almost mystical. Nature is pure, it is virtuous, and it is basically benign. There is no suggestion that nature can be capricious, evil, violent, or dangerous. It is the nature of Rousseau rather than that of Hobbes. The romantic garden suburb was a pragmatic American response, insofar as it was an attempt to practically prepackage the rural virtues of the affluent suburbanite. The romantic suburb was to provide the jaded urbanite a healthful, restorative return to nature. Thus, moving one’s family from the crowded, sinful city to the pure and open country was not just a practical decision; it was a moral choice. Moving one’s family to a suburban villa, or a large country “cottage,” signified one’s moral rectitude. It was a sign that the home owner was not only well-off, but stable and dependable. In simplest terms, one was a family person. #RandolphHarris 9 of 17

By moving to the suburbs, it showed that one was putting down solid rots. One cared for one’s family. One might have to spend one’s days in the hellish city, but one’s spouse and children would be spared. They would abide among flowers and greenery in rural-like domesticity. The line between the home itself and the idealization of the family was blurred. Having the right home became a moral as well as a practical choice. Even before the Civil War, the image of the larger welcoming house with a front porch, a garden, and a spacious tree-shaded lawn was on its way to becoming an American icon. It is generally accepted that architectural and social-morality writers were particularly influential in spreading the gospel of the morality of the suburban villa set in a gracious tree-lined lawn. The most influential of the latter was Catherine Beecher, the sister of Harriet Beecher Stowe who wrote the immensely popular antislavery potboiler Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Catherine Beecher was the combination Miss Manners, Dr. Spock, and Ann Landers of her day. Her Treatise on Domestic Economy, first published in 1841, became the authority on everything domestic. The book is still a marvel, including everything from how to exercise, to proper manners, to the proper way to eat healthfully, to methods of best caring for infants, to how to raise plants, to skills needed to decorate a parlour, to how to deign a more efficient kitchen. Over a quarter of a century later, in 1869, Catherine and her sister Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a new version of Treatise on Domestic Economy titled The American Woman’s Home, which expanded on the idea that not only the home, but also the surrounding community, should provide a tranquil escape from the city. #RandolphHarris 10 of 17

Also, as the sisters became increasingly doubtful as to weather the city could be reformed and redeemed, the location of the home gradually became as crucial as the home itself. It is one of those interesting side notes of history tht Catherine Beecher, the expert on everything domestic and the advocate of suburban homes, never married or had a home of her own in the suburbs or anywhere else. Nonetheless, for several decades her works publicized the moral as well as practical advantages of living in a suburban country environment outside the city. In her view, women were morally superior to men, and the proper feminine sphere was providing husband and children an elevated home environment. While she never directly advocated leaving the city, it was clear that suburbia, in her view, best provided an environment as free as possible from the corruption of the male-dominated city life. She also stressed the practical and healthful aspects of living a quiet, countrylike life. While relatively few families could afford the ideal suburban villas she championed, Catherine Beecher was very influential with women in setting the image of the suburban home as the physical and moral ideal. The second wrier of great influence was the landscape architect Andrew Jackson Downing. Mr. Downing has considerable popularity. He even designed the largely undeveloped Mall in Washington, D.C., into a parklike area having winding carriage drives and a naturalistic setting of trees. (Only at the turn of the century, under the general guidance of the architect Daniel Burnham, did the Mall adopt the classical architecture and proportions with which we now are all so familiar.) #RandolphHarris 11 of 17

However, Mr. Downing and his disciples, such as Calvert Vaux, were primarily concerned with domestic architecture and were great popularizers of the picturesque suburban villa or cottage. Mr. Downing’s popular book Cottage Residences provided models of Italianate, Gothic, rustic, and Victorian-style comfortable middle-class housing, as did his later The Architecture of Country Houses and Victorian Cottage Residences. Mr. Downing saw domestic cottage architecture as providing a sense of balance and tranquility to counter the unsettling negative energy of the city. However, although Mr. Downing borrowed heavily from the ideas of the English landscape architect John Claudius Loudon, he had innovative deigns and used new building techniques. For example, Mr. Downing used the new balloon frame made out of two-by-fours spaces 18 inches apart rather than the older, and more expensive, post-and-beam method of construction. Balloon-frame homes did not require skilled craftsmen and could rapidly be constructed by two or three humans having basic carpentering skills. Housing reformers such as Mr. Downing preferred to refer to the more elaborate homes as “villas,” which suggested a Roman estate for one of the patrician class rather than the more humble designation “cottage.” The home, in Mr. Downing’s view, was o be republican, but not egalitarian. Suburbia was to be a place for those of taste, not for the urban masses. Similarly to Catherine Beecher, Mr. Downing and Vaux stressed the moral value of the suburban home as a refuge from the hectic businesses and moral vices of the city. #RandolphHarris 12 of 17

Suburban homes in their design, size, and furnishings were to express the moral superiority of their inhabitants. Domestic architecture was not only to reflect taste and beauty, but also the spiritual ideals and moral development of the inhabitants. As noted by Clark, he architectural reformers of the mid-nineteenth century believed, for example, that Gothic-revival style, with its emphasis on verticality, not only harmonized well with nature but also symbolized an eminently Christian type of dwelling. Dwellings were not simply functional, they also possessed a moral element. Thus, whether the American suburb was a unique American phenomenon, as Kenneth Jackson suggests, or a virtual clone of earlier English models, as Robert Fishman argues, American suburbs soon developed into something quite American. Compared to early English estates, the American suburban vision of the ideal home was considerably reduced in scale. The American suburban home also carried in its designer’s eyes an explicit tie to the agrarian Jeffersonian republican ideal. In Mr. Downing’s words, the homes had to be, “built and loved upon the new World, and not old World, ideas and principles; a home in which humanity and republicanism are stronger than family pride and aristocratic feeling.” The American suburban home was more than a place, it was an ideology. The homeowner would not only be a better citizen, one would be a better person because of the more “natural” character of suburban life. Some things you are not strong enough to change either in yourself or others. What you can do but patiently endure until God’s orders otherwise? Yes, this is a trial, and it is meant to prove your virtue under fire. Without experience in long-suffering, such merits as you have will not amount to a hill of beans. #RandolphHarris 13 of 17

What you might want to do is ask God for more annoyance rather than less. Perhaps then He will think it worth His while to come to your assistance. In the meantime bear up and benign. Once someone has been admonished a couple of times, one becomes anxious. Do not mess with one. Instead, commit yourself totally to God. Pray to God that His will and honour will appear in Him and all His servants. However, how can He do this? Well, God has converted bad cranberry juice into premium cranberry juice on at least one festive occasion! Strive to be patient by putting up with the defects of others. Why? Because you have saddled onto others the infirmities that are dragging you down. If you cannot express approval of others, how can you possibly expect them to return approval to you? We are quick to want others to appear polished, but why is it that we are so slow to hammer out our own dents? We want others to be held to the letter of the law. Ourselves? We want to swan around barely observing the spirit of the law. Worse, the uncontrollable behaviour of others has spread through the populace like a plague. Better, our own errant behaviour has swept over the lowlands like a flood. Clearly the latter is to be preferred to the former. We want those others to be surrounded with strictures. We want out own behaviour to know no boundaries. Rare it is that we put ourselves on par with our neighbour, allowing one the same amount of slack as we have come to expect ourselves. If all the World and all the Worldlings were perfect, what glory could we give to God! After all, the source of our spiritual progress is all those neighbours who are annoying us to death. God has ordained it, and St. Paul has written to the Galatians (6.2). We should learn “to carry the burdens of another.” #RandolphHarris 14 of 17

No one’s without a defect, no one is wise enough to represent oneself. Pauline wisdom to the Galatians (6.2) and Second Corinthians (3.5)! We should carry each other, console each other, help, instruct, admonish each other. That is the sort of wisdom found in Proverbs (3.7), Colossian (3.13), and First Thessalonians (5.11). The more virtue you have, the more adversity you will encounter. Confrontation result. They shake a human up, but at the same time they reveal jus what kind of human one is. When they are in high school, today’s youth should have a general idea of what field they would like to work in. It is not necessary for them to have decided that they are going to be engineers, or secretaries, or doctors, but they need to have started to funnel their skills and interests in a direction. The person who does not aim in a given direction, may wander and drift without ever arriving anywhere, while the person who plans ahead will have a better chance of arriving at one’s destination and will know where one is once one has arrived. Even if you aim someplace and find out it is not what you had in mind, at least you have eliminated one alternative. When youths establish goals, they do not wander aimlessly; instead, they exchange them for other goals. There is a strong relationship between home environment and career development. Parents have more influence on their children’s career choices than do their teachers, friends, or counselors. Not only do they pay the bills in many cases, but they also help form attitudes and feelings about various jobs and the training needed to get them. #RandolphHarris 15 of 17

The purpose is to show people how the “Golden Light” is there for everyone to see. However, do you not think that when people do not get struck by that light and do not hear the thunderous voice they feel cheated? However, it can happen to them, too. Through prayer we can all experience this spiritual ecstasy and God will give us direction in life. When the spirit leaves the body, it is not the end. We are here to realize Oneness with God and will come back until we achieve this. The little voice we gain from prayer will make us give up bad habits. Life is your journey. This will remind you of God’s beauty. As you continue your journey you cannot keep asking to see the Grand Canyon again if you are traveling from Los Angeles to New York. God has many faces. What should a human do to live a perfect life in God’s eyes? Simply reaffirm the oneness of your soul with the Infinite Soul. Prayer means to know that you are one with God. God is omnipresent, and the activity of God is here and now. God’s energy can be perceived by the senses, and that is this “Light.” Dark nights of the soul will give us a great humility, which will smash any pride the glimpse might have engendered. The first thing God gave the created World was physical light. The first communication God makes to the human who has attained His presence is the vision of supernatural Light. During this rare experience the human feels that one is free from Earthly attachments and Worldly desires, that the intense peace one enjoys is the true happiness, that God’s reality is the overwhelming fact of existence. #RandolphHarris 16 of 17

This vision is a gift, a grace, so it may come suddenly, unexpectedly, but more often it comes to someone who has prepared oneself for it by purification and contemplation. Beneficial changes appear in one’s character and one’s outlook. The lower nature is weakened, the baser attributes are thinned down. Spiritual truths are confirmed for one, and certain false beliefs are cancelled. Yet, if the vision of Light brought union with God, intimacy with God, it did not and could not enable one to know God as God knows Himself. One could not penetrate His inmost nature and substance. Seeing the Light in front of one is one state; being merged into it is another, and superior. To describe the wonders and benefits, the delights and beauties of these glimpse will whet the appetite of people without satisfying it. Hence they will then be led to ask how such a glimpse is to be obtained. Wherever you are is home and the Earth is paradise. Wherever you set your feet is holy land. You do not live off it like a parasite. You live in it, and it in you, or you do not survive. And that is he only worship of God there is. May the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be acceptable unto Thee, O Lord, my Rock and my Redeemer. Thou who establishes peace in the Heavens, please grant peace unto us and unto all America. May it be Thy will, O Lord our God and God of our fathers, to grant our portion in Thy Holy Bible and may the Temple be rebuilt in our day. There we will serve Thee with awe as in the days of old. Magnified and sanctified be the name of God throughout the World which He hath created according to His will. May He establish His Kingdom during the days of your life and during the life of all the house of America, speedily, yea, soon; and say ye, Amen. #RandolphHarris 17 of 17

CRESLEIGH RIVERSIDE AT PLUMAS RANCH

Plumas Lake, CA |

Now Selling!

Cresleigh Riverside Model Home is OPEN! Nestled at the southern end of Plumas Lake, bordering an orchard to the west, Cresleigh Riverside is home to the largest home sites in the three Plumas Ranch communities.

Its executive-style residences feature space and amenities that are well beyond the norm – many on country lots that back up to the Ranch’s adjacent fruit orchards. With four floor plans available, we are certain you will find the home that fits your needs and lifestyle.

Popular design elements include open floor plans, large kitchen islands, and flex spaces are staples in Cresleigh homes. Additional game rooms, bedroom space and three-car garages provide other custom possibilities.

Gain the freedom of large home sites and the extra space and flexibility with Cresleigh Riverside. Homeowners will love the convenient commuter access to nearly Sacramento and Yuba City.

Best of all, each Cresleigh home comes fully equipped with an All Ready connected home! This smart home package comes included with your home and features great tools including: video door bell and digital deadbolt for the front door, connect home hub so you can set scenes and routines to make life just a little easier. Two smart switches and USB outlets are also included, plus we’ll gift you a Google Home Hub and Go! https://cresleigh.com/cresleigh-riverside-at-plumas-ranch/