Randolph Harris II International Institute

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What so Proudly We Hailed at the Twilight’s Last Gleaming?

 

We admire those who are specially trained to rescue those in danger. From time to time, as individuals and as a community, we go through periods of crisis and danger. Some arise quickly like a fire. Others are subtle and go almost undetected before they are upon us. Some require heroic action, but most are less spectacular. They way we respond is crucial. Speculation about war and peace as conditions of interstate relations has tended to divide thinkers into two groups—those who regard war as inevitable, perhaps even desirable, and those who consider it an evil capable of being replaced by lasting peace through good will or improved social arrangements. The first group is sometimes described as realist and the second as idealist, but these terms have the drawback that such idealist philosophers (in the ontological sense) as Plato and Hegel often accept was as a permanent condition of human existence. It is therefore proposed here simply to call the first group conservatives and the second abolitionists, though a wide spectrum of opinion clearly exists within each subdivision. God does not change his mind about what is right and wrong. So, even through it sometimes looks like God chooses sides, it is really people who choose whether or not they will be on God’s side. God wants people to be free, so when someone is taking away another person’s freedom, God is on the side of protecting freedom. #RandolphHarris 1 of  10

Ancient Greek thought commonly accepted war between the city-states themselves and between Greeks and barbarians as part of the order of nature. The Greek gods were a warlike breed who had come to power after a brutal struggle with the Titans. Ares was one of their leading figures, but the goddess of peace, Irene, was merely a subordinate deity attendant on the great gods. A view of war was widely prevalent in Greece was that of Heraclitus of Ephesus. Was, Heraclitus taught, was the father of all and king of all, and it was through war that the present condition of humankind, some people free and some enslaved, have evolved. If strife between the warning elements in nature were abolished, nothing could exist; according to Heraclitus, “All things come into being and pass away through strife.” However, that may not be true. One can see that it is due to the power of unit that two opposites in a unity give rise to the existences of things, and it is due to the power of the opposition that two opposites in a unity gives rise to the perishing of one or the other opposite or the mutual transformation of the two. Perhaps all existent things, no matter how they appear to be irrelevant to one another, are materially related in one way or another from considerations of modern physics and modern ecology. #RandolpHarris 2 of 10

In the light of the organismic metaphysics, everything is of course materially related to everything else. In modern physics various categories of interactions between elementary articles are recognized: strong interactions, electromagnetic interactions, weak interactions and gravitational interactions. It is noticed that unity are opposites, and therefore only when these differences become genuine opposites, would they form a unity and this form a harmony in creative sense. Most people, if they take the time to notice, recognize to a certain degree that opposites form a unity. One can see that cool things become warm, and the warm grows cool. That is because life is all about balance. Much how people are starting to notice that warm Summers actually trigger cold Winters. Increasing temperature and melting ice in the Arctic regions are creating more snowfall in the autumn months at lower latitudes, which, in turn affects an atmospheric pattern that leads to colder Winters. Strong warming throughout July, August and September in the Arctic, which continues through the Autumn appears to enhance the melting sea ice. The warmer atmosphere, combined with melting sea ice, allows the Arctic atmosphere to hold more moisture and increases the likelihood of precipitation over areas to the south, which, in the freezing temperatures, will fall as snow. #RandolphHarris 3 of 10

Research also indicates that the average snow coverage in Europe and Asia has increased over the past two decades. Experts also believe that the increased sow cover has an intricate effect on the Arctic Oscillation—an atmospheric pressure pattern in the mid- to high-latitudes—causing it to remain in the negative phase. In the negative phase, a high-pressure system resides over the Arctic region, pushing colder air into mid-latitude regions, such as the United States and Norther Canada, and resulting in colder Winters. There is no doubt that the globe is getting warmer and this will favor warmer temperature in all seasons and in all location. For instance, Austin, Texas USA rarely has a day above 90 degrees Fahrenheit during the Summers in the 1970s, but now they are experiencing temperatures above 90-degree Fahrenheit an average of nearly 40 days out of the year. However, the increasing trend in snow cover has led to regional cooling because the Arctic jet stream takes these wild swings, and when it swings farther south, that causes cold air to reach farther south. These swings tend to hang around for awhile, so the weather we have in the Eastern United States, weather it is cold or warm, tends to stay with us longer. And more extreme Winters characterized by bomb cyclone and polar vortexes will be a more common climate change-induced pattern in the coming years. That is why snow was on the ground in April in New York and why Tahoe is seeing snow last into June. #RandolphHarris 4 of 10

Uncharacteristically cold Winters is just one of the most hard felt effects of climate change as ice starts to melt in the Arctic due to warming temperatures. The Earth is alive and behaves like a living system. Earth’s heat balance is an extremely important factor in what makes the Earth livable. The fact that the Earth can respond to slight changes in the amount of incoming radiation to maintain a fairly stable temperature is a result of the Earth’s energy budget. This phenomenon is also closely connected to flows on the Earth, and the Solar energy to the Earth. Essentially all of the energy the Earth receives is in radiant energy that originates from the Sun. The temperature of the Earth is a balancing act, with greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere contributing to a planet that is inhabitable. This balance of temperature is maintained through several different mechanisms such a regional cooling and warming. All things that are alive are not static, they will change. Just as your hair and your body grows, the Earth also goes through changes. Living life in harmony is about balancing the elements in life around the being so it can live in peace. The best and safest thing is for us to also keep a balance in our lives, acknowledging the greatest powers around us and in us. If we can do that, and live that way, we are really wise people. #RandolpHarris 5 of 10

Balance is inspired to protect us from danger. War is a natural activity, the supreme witness to a nation’s superior quality; a powerful nation should never succumb to the slave morality with its accent on humility, submissiveness, and accepting torture. There are people in the World some consider evil and we need to protect ourselves from them. However, evil is just another term for individuals who are weak and stupid. We all have hope and faith that we will rise to a higher plane. In peace a ruler should not sit with his or her hands folded, but should always be improving his or her state’s military power against the day of adversity. Only through the establishment of a commonwealth—that is, a superior law-enforcing agency to which all people are subject—can peace and civilization be ensured. The state’s first duty is to maintain its power in its relations with other states and to maintain law within its own borders. God does not like war and wants us all to live in peace and maybe someday that will be possible, even on Earth. In the eighteenth century, peace plans were given a new lease of life with the French and German Enlightenment. Jean-Jacques Rousseau took the peace project of the abbe de Saint-Pierre and applied it to the Europe of his own day in A Project of Perpetual Peace (1761), with the insistence that unless the proposed central authority was powerful enough to overawe all the constituent states, the proposal would fail. #RandolphHarris 6 of 10

Jean-Jacques Rousseau recommended the plan to governments on the ground that a single European authority strong enough to enforce peace would also ensure internal stability in the constituent states. He admitted, however, that governments were probably too short sighted to appreciate the merits of the plan. A similar project of European confederation was that of Immanuel Kant, entitled Eternal Peace (1795). Immanuel Kant’s recipe is notable for its claim that the maintenance of peace requires that achievement of constitutional government by the states. The United States of America also saw strong unofficial peace movements which urged the creation of agencies for the arbitration of interstate differences and the equitable settlement of political issues, together with the strengthening and codification of international law. In the atmosphere of harmony that followed the Congress of Vienna and the Great Power of Europe met regularly to deal with threats to peace, while such functional organizations as the European river commissions and the Universal Postal Union dealt quietly with matters of practical concerns to the nations. “Many become hardened because of the great length of war,” reports Alma 62.41. The hope of a permanent international assembly which might develop into a World legislature was held out at the Hague conference, and it seemed likely that the growing stake of nations in peaceful intercourse would soon render war obsolete. #RandolphHarris 7 of 10

American colonies were under British rule and the British were taxing the colonies and making them pay for their defense, but the people were not represented by their government. They first tried to get the British government to recognize their rights. When this did not work, people fought in America’s Revolution War for reasons of fear and ambition as well as principle. Americans colonies where having struggles with England who was in control of the colonies. In the Spring of 1775, the Revolution War had just begun. George Washington was commander in chief of the Continental Army during the American revolutionary war and served two terms as president from 1789 to 1797.  It was fought on American soil, among the American people. It called men by the thousands from shops and the fields, disrupted families, destroyed communities, spread diseases, and made a shamble of the economy. The started over people being enslaved, the separation of church and state, paper money and debt relief, the regulation of prices, and the toleration of political dissent. There were also arguments over the design of new state constitutions and the shape of a new national government. By issuing the Declaration of Independence, adopted by the Continental Congress on 4 July 1776, the 13 American colonies severed their political connections to Great Britain. #RandolphHarris 8 of 10

However, as the war raged on a total of 80,000 Americans served in the war, and fought against 56,000 British soldiers.  Hundreds of buildings were burned, crops were uprooted, enslaved Africans were confiscated. Port cities lost nearly half of their population, and the inland communities strained to cope with the thousands of refugees who streamed into them. So many Boston refuges had crowded into Concord, Massachusetts, by July 1775 that they decided to hold a town meeting there! By March 1776, Concord’s population had grown by 25 percent, creating major problems of housing, social order, and public health. In Western New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and the Carolinas, frontier settlement collapsed in the face of British and Indian assaults. The White population along the Mohawk River west of Albany, New York, had declined from 10,000 to 3,500. Due to the warfare in Tryon County, 12,000 farms has been abandoned, 700 buildings burned, thousands of bushels of grain destroyed, nearly 400 women widowed, and 2,000 children orphaned. As a result of the war, 8,000 revolutionary soldiers died from wounds inflicted during battle. 17,000 Revolutionary Soldiers died from disease during the war. 24,000 British soldiers were killed. 25,500 Revolutionary Soldiers were estimated to have been wounded or maimed (most irreparable injury). The war lasted almost 8.5 years, ending in 1783. #RandolpHarris 9 of 10

20160623_193546Therefore, we celebrate Independence Day annually on 4 July, and it is often known as the Fourth of July. It is a day of illumination and the remembrance of freedom and protection under the laws. It is the anniversary of the publication of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in 1776. Patriotic displays and family events are organized throughout the United States of America. People have picnics and barbecues, showing a great deal of emphasis on the family and American tradition of political freedom. Many people display the American flag outside of their homes or buildings. The communities arrange the most impressive fireworks that are often accompanied by patriotic music. We celebrate and focus on the many blessings we have in America. It is a way to give thanks to our history, heritage, and people of our country. Above all, Americans express and give thanks for the freedom and liberties fought by the first generation of many of today’s Americans. At that time, African Americans made up 25 percent of the population, and although they were still enslaved, at least 5,000 fought in the military for their country. So be thankful to be American and feel honored that people wanted to make sure you lived freely. “Oh, say can you see, by the dawn’s early light, what so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro’ the perilous fight, o’er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming. And the rockets red glare, the bombs bursting in air, gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.” #RandolphHarris 10 of 10