Randolph Harris II International

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Avoiding Shifts in Person and Code Switching

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Crimes are human errors, and signify but little; perhaps the worse a man is by nature, the more room there is for grace. Gratitude is not a passion, but a sentiment of the soul. Great endowments cannot long be concealed. Nonetheless, I have been speaking with people, and sometimes find myself confused as to what they are trying to communicate because of shifts in person.

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To understand the meaning of “person” when using pronouns, imagine a conversation between two people about a third person, the first person speaks using “I, me, my…,” the second person would be called, “you”; and when the two of them talked of a third person, they would say “he, she, they…” You should never forget the idea of “person” if you remember it as a three part conversation.

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First person: I, me, my, we us, our

Second person: you, your

Third person: he, him, his, she, her, hers, they, them, their, one, anyone.

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You may use all three of these groups of pronouns in a paper, but do not shit from one group to another without good reason.

Wrong: Few people know how to manage their time. One need not be an efficiency expert to realize that one could get a lot more done if he budgeted his time. Nor do you need to work very hard to get more organized.

Better: Everyone should know how to manage his or her time. One need not be an efficiency expert to realize that a person could get a lot more done if one budgeted one’s time. Nor does one need to work very hard to get more organized. (Too many one’s in a paragraph make it sound overly formal, and they led to the necessity of avoiding sexism by using s/he, or he or she, etc. Sentences can be revised to avoid using either you or one.)

Best: Many of us do not know how to manage our time. We need not be efficiency experts to realize that we could get a lot more done if we budgeted our time. Nor do we need to work very hard to get more organized.

Often students write you in a paper when they do not really mean you, the readers.

You would not believe how many times I saw that movie.

Such sentences are always improved by getting rid of the you.

I saw that movie many times.

Peace is with those who Love.

Peace is with those who Love.


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